石灰石制粉输送控制系统设计及可靠性分析
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摘要
热电厂二氧化硫的排放严重危害了人类生存的环境,甚至还对人体健康产生直接影响。随着人们对生活环境质量要求的不断提高,对热电厂燃煤锅炉进行烟气脱硫也越来越为大家所重视。
石灰石粉作为燃煤锅炉中主要的脱硫剂,其制备系统也成为了环保中重要的一部分。对于电厂来讲,高可靠性的石灰石制粉输送控制系统会减少脱硫系统停产的次数,使得维修费及停机检查损失费大大减小,保障了电厂的脱硫率,为环境保护工程作出贡献。
本文首先分析了石灰石制粉生产线的结构,详细的介绍了各部分的设备组成形式及其功能,研究了整条生产线的工艺流程。根据工艺要求,结合对制粉生产过程的功能,给出了生产线各组成部分的总体设计方案。其次,从软、硬件两方面论述了石灰石粉生产线自动控制系统的设计过程,包括系统组成,部件选型,通信网络的确定,控制程序的编制和上位界面的设计等。为了提高自控系统的可靠性,选择了西门子公司的带有容错功能的S7-400H系列PLC进行了冗余设计,并使用了配套的STEP7编程软件和WinCC界面软件。最后本文对石灰石粉生产系统进行了可靠性分析,应用马尔可夫状态转移法分析、计算、对比了主控系统冗余前后的差别,同时,根据制粉系统的组成绘制了可靠性框图,由厂家提供的数据资料对制粉系统的工作可靠度进行了定量的计算。
本文设计的控制系统对石灰石粉生产线控制效果很好,保证了热电厂脱硫的稳定运行,另外,对类似的制粉控制系统具有一定的技术借鉴作用。
The emission of sulfur dioxide in thermal power plant is seriously damage the human living environment, even impacts human’s health directly. With the improvement of quality requirements on environment, we are paying more and more attention to flue gas desulphurization on the thermal power plant.
As the main desulfurization agent of coal-fired boiler, limestone milling system has become an important part of environmental protection. For the power plant, high reliability control system in the limestone milling will reduce stopping frequency of desulfurization system, witch making the costs of maintenance and examination greatly. It ensures the desulfurization rate of the power plant, and makes contributions to environmental protection projects.
Firstly, this article analyzes the structure of limestone milling production line, describes in detail every composition, function and the whole process.According to process requirements, combined with the milling function, overall control scheme of various components is given in this paper.
Secondly, design process of the limestone milling control system is described from both hardware and software.It includs system components, parts selection, communication network, control procedures and interface design.In order to improve the reliability of automatic control system, Siemens S7-400H fault-tolerant redundant series PLC is selected to the redundant design.In addition, programming software STEP 7 and interface software WINCC are used to making the control system perfect.
Finally, reliability theory is applied in the paper to analysis the reliability of limestone milling system.Markov state transition method is used to transition analyzing, calculating and comparing the difference of the main control system between before and after redundancy.At the same time, reliability diagram was drawn according to the composition of limestone milling sysem.This paper has caculated the reliability of milling system through using data provided by the manufacture.
This control system of limestone power production line should work well to ensure the stable running of desulfurization in power plant. Additionally, it has certain technical reference to the similar milling control system.
石灰石粉作为燃煤锅炉中主要的脱硫剂,其制备系统也成为了环保中重要的一部分。对于电厂来讲,高可靠性的石灰石制粉输送控制系统会减少脱硫系统停产的次数,使得维修费及停机检查损失费大大减小,保障了电厂的脱硫率,为环境保护工程作出贡献。
本文首先分析了石灰石制粉生产线的结构,详细的介绍了各部分的设备组成形式及其功能,研究了整条生产线的工艺流程。根据工艺要求,结合对制粉生产过程的功能,给出了生产线各组成部分的总体设计方案。其次,从软、硬件两方面论述了石灰石粉生产线自动控制系统的设计过程,包括系统组成,部件选型,通信网络的确定,控制程序的编制和上位界面的设计等。为了提高自控系统的可靠性,选择了西门子公司的带有容错功能的S7-400H系列PLC进行了冗余设计,并使用了配套的STEP7编程软件和WinCC界面软件。最后本文对石灰石粉生产系统进行了可靠性分析,应用马尔可夫状态转移法分析、计算、对比了主控系统冗余前后的差别,同时,根据制粉系统的组成绘制了可靠性框图,由厂家提供的数据资料对制粉系统的工作可靠度进行了定量的计算。
本文设计的控制系统对石灰石粉生产线控制效果很好,保证了热电厂脱硫的稳定运行,另外,对类似的制粉控制系统具有一定的技术借鉴作用。
The emission of sulfur dioxide in thermal power plant is seriously damage the human living environment, even impacts human’s health directly. With the improvement of quality requirements on environment, we are paying more and more attention to flue gas desulphurization on the thermal power plant.
As the main desulfurization agent of coal-fired boiler, limestone milling system has become an important part of environmental protection. For the power plant, high reliability control system in the limestone milling will reduce stopping frequency of desulfurization system, witch making the costs of maintenance and examination greatly. It ensures the desulfurization rate of the power plant, and makes contributions to environmental protection projects.
Firstly, this article analyzes the structure of limestone milling production line, describes in detail every composition, function and the whole process.According to process requirements, combined with the milling function, overall control scheme of various components is given in this paper.
Secondly, design process of the limestone milling control system is described from both hardware and software.It includs system components, parts selection, communication network, control procedures and interface design.In order to improve the reliability of automatic control system, Siemens S7-400H fault-tolerant redundant series PLC is selected to the redundant design.In addition, programming software STEP 7 and interface software WINCC are used to making the control system perfect.
Finally, reliability theory is applied in the paper to analysis the reliability of limestone milling system.Markov state transition method is used to transition analyzing, calculating and comparing the difference of the main control system between before and after redundancy.At the same time, reliability diagram was drawn according to the composition of limestone milling sysem.This paper has caculated the reliability of milling system through using data provided by the manufacture.
This control system of limestone power production line should work well to ensure the stable running of desulfurization in power plant. Additionally, it has certain technical reference to the similar milling control system.
引文
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[3]冯纯伯.自动化技术.江苏科技出版社.1992.
[4]牛玉广,范寒松.计算机控制系统及其在火电厂中的应用.中国电力出版社.2003.
[5]李沛然.水泥生产中粉磨过程优化控制系统的研究.济南大学.硕士学位论文.2009.
[6]姜映红.基于PROFIBUS现场总线技术的啤酒发酵过程PLC自动控制系统.兰州理工大学.硕士学位论文.2006.
[7]曹晋华,程侃.可靠性数学引论.科学出版社.北京.1986.
[8]程侃.寿命分布类与可靠性数学理论.科学出版社.北京.1999.
[9]蒋仁言,左明健.可靠性模型与应用.机械工业出版社.北京.1999.
[10]孙新利,陆长捷.工程可靠性教程.国防工业出版社.北京.2005.
[11]程林,郭永基.可靠性评估中多重故障算法的研究.清华大学学报.2001.(3):69-72.
[12]牛勇,侯郁,赵宇.可靠性技术发展亟待解决的几个问题.石油工业技术监督.2002.18(11):21-25.
[13]曾东瑜,陈凡植,郭洁茹,李丽.国产化是我国未来烟气脱硫的发展方向.广东电力.2004.27(2):20-23.
[14]汪艳红.我国火电厂烟气脱硫工艺现状及发展综述.硫磷设计与粉体工程.2008.2:23-24.
[15]张文景,罗俊.烟气脱硫中石灰石粉制备系统的调试.浙江电力.2002.20(3):53-55.
[16]刘凯勇.循环流化床电站中石灰石制粉系统的设备配置及优化.湖北电力.2005.29(1):39-42.
[17]刘岩.基于DCS的循环流化床炉内喷钙脱硫系统的设计与实现.哈尔滨理工大学.硕士学位论文.2009
[18]周波,胡修玉.可编程序控制器原理与应用.国防工业出版社.北京. 2008.
[19]周美兰,周封,王岳宇.PLC电气控制与组态设计.科学出版社.北京. 2003
[20]盖晓华.PLC的改性沥青生产线自动控制系统设计.同济大学.硕士学位论文.2009.
[21] SIEMENS SIMATIC容错系统S7-400H系统手册.北京.西门子公司. 2008.
[22]边春元,宋崇辉,任双燕等.S7-300/400PLC梯形图与语句表编程.机械工业出版社.北京.2009.
[23]周万珍,高鸿斌.PLC分析与设计应用.电子工业出版社.北京.2004.
[24]吕伟刚.基于PLC的纸机传动控制系统.南京林业大学.硕士学位论文.2005.
[25]王炜.干粉砂浆生产线控制系统开发.南京理工大学.硕士学位论文. 2009.
[26]谭庸琪.基于PLC实现的真空冻干生产线的自动控制系统.南昌大学.硕士学位论文.
[27]郝向东.基于以太网的工业控制技术在南玻玻璃镀膜控制系统上的设计与实现.合肥工业大学.硕士学位论文.2006.
[28]刘传强.岸桥的PLC及其网络控制系统设计与实现.大连理工大学.硕士学位论文.2007.
[29]邱公伟.可编程序控制器网络通信及应用.北京.清华大学出版社. 2000.
[30] OPC Foundation. OLE for process Control Overview Version1.0. 2002.
[31]余小夏.基于PLC自动在线清洗控制系统设计.上海交通大学.硕士学位论文.2005.
[32]刘锴,周海.深入浅出西门子S7-300 PLC.西门子(中国)有限公司自动化与驱动集团.2004.
[33] SIEMENS SIMATIC使用STEP7编程手册.北京.西门子公司.2007.
[34]黄佳伟.电镀生产线自动控制系统的设计与实现.江南大学.硕士学位论文.2009.
[35]李林.磨石粉生产线控制系统的设计.浙江大学.硕士学位论文. 2006.
[36]苏昆哲.深入浅出西门子WinCC V6.西门子(中国)有限公司自动化与驱动集团.2005
[37]任世永.基于PCS7水泥生产线DCS控制系统设计与研究.武汉理工大学.硕士学位论文.2010.
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