无线多媒体传感器网络QoS路由优化算法研究
|
摘要
无线多媒体传感器网络是由很多具有无线通信能力的节点组成的自组织、多跳网络，网络中的节点具有采集多媒体信息的功能，比如可以采集图像、视频、音频等多媒体信息。而多媒体信息在无线多媒体传感器网络传输一般都需要网络提供一定服务质量（QoS）保证，其中多媒体信息流的路由选择问题是无线多媒体传感器网络服务质量的一个关键问题，它担负着将流媒体数据在一定的约束条件下正确地从源节点传送到目的节点的任务。
目前对于无线多媒体传感器的路由技术主要有两方面的研究，一方面是研究源节点和目的节点之间的路由发现机制，另一方面是研究流媒体和路由之间的优化传输问题。本文结合无线多媒体传感器网络的实际应用，对无线多媒体传感器网络QoS路由的优化问题进行了探讨。本文的主要工作包括：
1.多路径路由是使无线多媒体传感器网络具有QoS保证的有效方法，在分布式的无线多媒体传感器网络中，节点之间如何协作而且能够快速地发现从源节点到目标节点之间的多条路径是目前的一个研究热点问题。本文根据路径质量、节点能量以及节点度等参数对路径性能的不同影响，定义了节点收益模型，然后，基于此模型，提出了针对单源节点和单目标节点的无线多媒体传感器网络的多路径QoS路由算法。
2.结合视频流分级编码的特殊QoS要求以及无线多媒体传感器网络中多路径的特点，提出了一种基于非合作博弈论的多路径分配优化算法。文章首先根据多路径传输视频流的特点提出了一种应用于无线多媒体传感器网络的多路径分配博弈模型，然后证明了该模型存在纳什均衡。在此基础上，提出了一种基于纳什均衡的无线多媒体传感器网络多路径分配优化算法。
3.由于单sink网络中存在着难以解决的sink节点失效问题，因此，多sink节点无线多媒体传感器网络应运而生。如何建立源节点和多sink节点之间的优化路由对无线多媒体传感器网络具有十分重要的意义。本文将无线多媒体传感器网络抽象成由多个sink节点激发的颜色引力场组成的合力场，数据传输至sink节点的过程抽象为某种颜色sink节点对相同颜色数据的吸引力作用，文章首先依据场理论对无线多媒体传感器网络的颜色场强、颜色场电势、颜色场梯度等物理量进行建模。然后，基于此模型提出了一种针对单sink节点和多sink节点无线多媒体传感器网络的多路径QoS路由优化算法。
4．在多源节点和多目标节点的无线多媒体传感器网络中，源节点和目标节点之间的路由十分复杂。高效而公平的无线多媒体传感器网络能够使每个源节点都至少和一个目标节点建立数据传输通道。本文将多源节点和多目标节点的路由分配优化问题用图论中的匹配方法进行建模，提出了多源节点和多目标节点最小权匹配算法。仿真表明算法可以在兼顾网络的公平性的同时，又能够降低网络的能量消耗，最终延长了网络的生命期。
全文的工作围绕无线多媒体传感器网络QoS路由优化问题展开，针对具有不同数量源节点和目标节点的无线多媒体传感器网络提出了具有针对性的QoS路由优化算法，并通过仿真实验的方法验证了算法的有效性。
Wireless multimedia sensor networks are wireless self-organizing and multi-hopnetwork systems which collects the multimedia information such as image, video andaudio via sensor nodes. As the wireless multimedia sensor networks deliver real-timeimages, audio, video and other multimedia information, the transmission ofmultimedia information need to be guaranteed with a certain quality of service (QoS).The critical issue of the QoS guarantee is the selecting of streaming routing, whichholds the task to correctly transmit the stream media data from the source node todestination node under certain constraints.
Currently, route optimization technology has two main aspects of research: one isthe study on the discovery mechanism of routes between source node and destinationnode, the other is the optimization transmission of the streaming media and routinginformation.
In this paper, we study the optimization QoS routing problem for wirelessmultimedia sensor networks according to the practical application of wirelessmultimedia sensor networks. The main contributions of this thesis are follows:
1. Multi-path routing is an effective method to guarantee QoS in wirelessmultimedia sensor networks. In distributed wireless multimedia sensor networks, toensure nodes collaborate and find multiple paths quickly between the source node anddestination node is a hot research topic. According to the different effects of pathquality, the energy of nodes and the node degree towards the path performance, wedefine the node return model. Based on this model, a multi-path QoS routingalgorithm for single source node and single destination node wireless multimediasensor networks is proposed.
2. Combined the special QoS requirements of video streaming scalable codingwith the characteristics of multi-path in wireless multimedia sensor network, thispaper proposes a multi-path allocation optimization algorithm based on thenon-cooperative game theory. Based on the characteristics of multi-path transmissionvideo stream, we bring forward a multi-path allocation game model for wirelessmultimedia sensor networks, and prove Nash equilibrium of the model. Finally, amulti-path allocation optimization algorithm is proposed.
3. Because of the unsolvable problem on sink node failure in the single-sinknetwork, multi-sink node Wireless multimedia sensor network are proposed recently. However, it is of great significance to set up the optimization routing for wirelessmultimedia sensor networks with single source node and multiple sink nodes. Viaabstracting wireless multimedia sensor networks into the color gravitational fieldwhich is stimulated by more sink nodes and the process of data transmission to thesink node into the attractive role of some kind of color sink node to the data of thesame color, this paper set up a model based on field theory for wireless multimediasensor networks, the color field strength, color field potential, color field gradient andother physical quantity. On this basis, a multi-path QoS routing algorithm for singlesource node and multi-sink node wireless multimedia sensor networks are proposed.
4. Considering the source node's data transmission efficiency and fairness inwireless multimedia sensor networks for multi-source node and destination node,every source node has at least one target node to match with. A minimum weightmatching algorithm between multi-source node and multi-destination node wasproposed by building a model using matching method in graph theory to solve themulti-source node and sink node routing allocation problem. The simulation resultsshow that the algorithm can guarantee the fairness of the network, reduce networkenergy consumption and prolong the network life cycle. The whole work of this paperstarted with the wireless multimedia sensor networks QoS routing optimizationproblem. Several QoS route optimization algorithm for different applications wasproposed. By taking simulation experiments, the effectiveness of the algorithm isverified.
目前对于无线多媒体传感器的路由技术主要有两方面的研究，一方面是研究源节点和目的节点之间的路由发现机制，另一方面是研究流媒体和路由之间的优化传输问题。本文结合无线多媒体传感器网络的实际应用，对无线多媒体传感器网络QoS路由的优化问题进行了探讨。本文的主要工作包括：
1.多路径路由是使无线多媒体传感器网络具有QoS保证的有效方法，在分布式的无线多媒体传感器网络中，节点之间如何协作而且能够快速地发现从源节点到目标节点之间的多条路径是目前的一个研究热点问题。本文根据路径质量、节点能量以及节点度等参数对路径性能的不同影响，定义了节点收益模型，然后，基于此模型，提出了针对单源节点和单目标节点的无线多媒体传感器网络的多路径QoS路由算法。
2.结合视频流分级编码的特殊QoS要求以及无线多媒体传感器网络中多路径的特点，提出了一种基于非合作博弈论的多路径分配优化算法。文章首先根据多路径传输视频流的特点提出了一种应用于无线多媒体传感器网络的多路径分配博弈模型，然后证明了该模型存在纳什均衡。在此基础上，提出了一种基于纳什均衡的无线多媒体传感器网络多路径分配优化算法。
3.由于单sink网络中存在着难以解决的sink节点失效问题，因此，多sink节点无线多媒体传感器网络应运而生。如何建立源节点和多sink节点之间的优化路由对无线多媒体传感器网络具有十分重要的意义。本文将无线多媒体传感器网络抽象成由多个sink节点激发的颜色引力场组成的合力场，数据传输至sink节点的过程抽象为某种颜色sink节点对相同颜色数据的吸引力作用，文章首先依据场理论对无线多媒体传感器网络的颜色场强、颜色场电势、颜色场梯度等物理量进行建模。然后，基于此模型提出了一种针对单sink节点和多sink节点无线多媒体传感器网络的多路径QoS路由优化算法。
4．在多源节点和多目标节点的无线多媒体传感器网络中，源节点和目标节点之间的路由十分复杂。高效而公平的无线多媒体传感器网络能够使每个源节点都至少和一个目标节点建立数据传输通道。本文将多源节点和多目标节点的路由分配优化问题用图论中的匹配方法进行建模，提出了多源节点和多目标节点最小权匹配算法。仿真表明算法可以在兼顾网络的公平性的同时，又能够降低网络的能量消耗，最终延长了网络的生命期。
全文的工作围绕无线多媒体传感器网络QoS路由优化问题展开，针对具有不同数量源节点和目标节点的无线多媒体传感器网络提出了具有针对性的QoS路由优化算法，并通过仿真实验的方法验证了算法的有效性。
Wireless multimedia sensor networks are wireless self-organizing and multi-hopnetwork systems which collects the multimedia information such as image, video andaudio via sensor nodes. As the wireless multimedia sensor networks deliver real-timeimages, audio, video and other multimedia information, the transmission ofmultimedia information need to be guaranteed with a certain quality of service (QoS).The critical issue of the QoS guarantee is the selecting of streaming routing, whichholds the task to correctly transmit the stream media data from the source node todestination node under certain constraints.
Currently, route optimization technology has two main aspects of research: one isthe study on the discovery mechanism of routes between source node and destinationnode, the other is the optimization transmission of the streaming media and routinginformation.
In this paper, we study the optimization QoS routing problem for wirelessmultimedia sensor networks according to the practical application of wirelessmultimedia sensor networks. The main contributions of this thesis are follows:
1. Multi-path routing is an effective method to guarantee QoS in wirelessmultimedia sensor networks. In distributed wireless multimedia sensor networks, toensure nodes collaborate and find multiple paths quickly between the source node anddestination node is a hot research topic. According to the different effects of pathquality, the energy of nodes and the node degree towards the path performance, wedefine the node return model. Based on this model, a multi-path QoS routingalgorithm for single source node and single destination node wireless multimediasensor networks is proposed.
2. Combined the special QoS requirements of video streaming scalable codingwith the characteristics of multi-path in wireless multimedia sensor network, thispaper proposes a multi-path allocation optimization algorithm based on thenon-cooperative game theory. Based on the characteristics of multi-path transmissionvideo stream, we bring forward a multi-path allocation game model for wirelessmultimedia sensor networks, and prove Nash equilibrium of the model. Finally, amulti-path allocation optimization algorithm is proposed.
3. Because of the unsolvable problem on sink node failure in the single-sinknetwork, multi-sink node Wireless multimedia sensor network are proposed recently. However, it is of great significance to set up the optimization routing for wirelessmultimedia sensor networks with single source node and multiple sink nodes. Viaabstracting wireless multimedia sensor networks into the color gravitational fieldwhich is stimulated by more sink nodes and the process of data transmission to thesink node into the attractive role of some kind of color sink node to the data of thesame color, this paper set up a model based on field theory for wireless multimediasensor networks, the color field strength, color field potential, color field gradient andother physical quantity. On this basis, a multi-path QoS routing algorithm for singlesource node and multi-sink node wireless multimedia sensor networks are proposed.
4. Considering the source node's data transmission efficiency and fairness inwireless multimedia sensor networks for multi-source node and destination node,every source node has at least one target node to match with. A minimum weightmatching algorithm between multi-source node and multi-destination node wasproposed by building a model using matching method in graph theory to solve themulti-source node and sink node routing allocation problem. The simulation resultsshow that the algorithm can guarantee the fairness of the network, reduce networkenergy consumption and prolong the network life cycle. The whole work of this paperstarted with the wireless multimedia sensor networks QoS routing optimizationproblem. Several QoS route optimization algorithm for different applications wasproposed. By taking simulation experiments, the effectiveness of the algorithm isverified.
引文
[1] Akyildiz IF, Melodia T, Chowdhury KR. A survey on wireless multimedia sensor networks[J].Computer Networks,2007,51(4):921-960.
[2] Misra, Reisslein, Xue. A survey of multimedia streaming in wireless sensor networks[J].Communications Surveys&Tutorials,2008,10(4):18-39.
[3] Yaghmaee MH, Adjeroh DA. Priority-based rate control for service differentiation andcongestion control in wireless multimedia sensor networks[J]. Computer Networks,2009,53(11):1798-1811.
[4]李腊元，李春林.计算机网络技术(第二版)[M].北京:国际工业出版社,2004.
[5] Ian F. Akyildiz, Tommaso Melodia, Kaushik R. Chowdhury. A survey on wireless multimediasensor networks[J]. Computer Networks,2007,51(4):921-960.
[6] Ozgur B. Akan, Pascal Frossard, Qian Zhang, Nikil Jayant. Special issue on wirelessmultimedia sensor networks[J]. Computer Networks,2008,52(13):2529-2531.
[7] Lucas D.P. Mendes, Joel J.P.C. Rodrigues. A survey on cross-layer solutions for wirelesssensor networks[J]. Journal of Network and Computer Applications,2011,34(2):523-534.
[8]孙岩.多媒体传感器网络中服务质量保障问题的研究[D].北京邮电大学博士学位论文,2007.
[9]罗武胜,翟永平,鲁琴.无线多媒体传感器网络研究[J].电子与信息学报,2008,30(6):1511-1516.
[10]鲁琴,杜列波,左震.无线多媒体传感网节点能耗问题评述[J].传感器与微系统,2008,27(12):1-3.
[11]孙岩,马华东.无线多媒体传感器网络QoS保障问题[J].电子学报,2008,36(7):1412-1420.
[12] Sharifi M., Taleghan M.A., Taherkordi A. A Middleware Layer Mechanism for QoS SupportinWireless Sensor Networks[C]. in: Networking, International Conference on Systems andIntenational Conference on Mobile Communications and Leaning Technologies,2006.
[13] E Felemban, C-G Lee, E Ekici, R.Boder, S Vural. Probabilistic QoS guarantee in reliabilityand timeliness domains in wireless sensor networks[A]. In: Proceedings of24th AnnualJoint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications,2005.
[14] Neeraj Kumar, Rahat Iqbal, Naveen Chilamkurti, Anne James. An ant based multiconstraints QoS aware service selection algorithm in Wireless Mesh Networks[J].Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory,2011,19(9):1933-1945.
[15]李士宁，滕文星，张琪等．无线传感器网络QoS路由研究进展．计算机应用研究,2008,25(5):1304-1308.
[16] Savidge, L, Huang Lee, Aghajan, H, Goldsmith, A. QoS based geographic routing for eventdriven image sensor networks[C]. in: Proceedings of IEEE International Conference onBroadband Networks,2005.
[17] Nesrine Ouferhat, Abdelhamid Mellouck. QoS dynamic routing for wireless sensornetworks[C]. in: Proceedings of the2nd ACM international workshop on Quality of service&security for wireless and mobile networks,2006.
[18] Azzedine Boukerche, Begumhan Turgut, Nevin Aydin, Mohammad Z. Ahmad, LadislauB l ni, Damla Turgut. Routing protocols in ad hoc networks: A survey[J]. ComputerNetworks, September,2011,55(13):3032-3080.
[19] Shemin Kalam, Mahbub Gani, Lakmal Seneviratne. A game-theoretic approach tonon-cooperative target assignment[J]. Robotics and Autonomous Systems,2010,58(8):955-962.
[20] Luis Cobo, Alejandro Quintero, Samuel Pierre. Ant-based routing for wireless multimediasensor networks using multiple QoS metrics[J]. Computer Networks,2010,54(17):2991-3010.
[21] Dionisis Kandris, Michail Tsagkaropoulos, Ilias Politis, Anthony Tzes, Stavros Kotsopoulos.Energy efficient and perceived QoS aware video routing over Wireless Multimedia SensorNetworks[J]. Ad Hoc Networks,2011,9(4):591-607.
[22]李建中，李金宝，石胜飞.传感器网络及其数据管理的概念、问题与进展明[J].软件学报,2003,14(10):1717-1726.
[23]李建中,高宏.无线传感器网络的研究进展[J].计算机研究与发展,2008,45(01):1-15.
[24] Yick J, Mukherjee B, Ghosal D. Wireless sensor network survey[J]. Computer Networks,2008,52(12):2292-2330.
[25] Akyildiz IF, Su W, Sankarasubramaniam Y, et al. Wireless sensor networks: a survey[J].Computer Networks,2002,38(4):393-422.
[26] G. Simon, M. Maroti, A. Ledeczi, G. Balogh, B. Kusy, A. Nadas, G. Pap, J. Sallai, K.Frampton. Sensor network-based countersniper system[C]. in: Proceedings of the SecondInternational Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (Sensys), Baltimore, MD,2004.
[27] J. Yick, B. Mukherjee, D. Ghosal, Analysis of a Prediction-based Mobility AdaptiveTracking Algorithm[C]. in: Proceedings of the IEEE Second International Conference onBroadband Networks (BROADNETS), Boston,2005.
[28] Ming Denga, Qinhua Chen. Coal and gas outburst monitoring system based onWSN[J].Procedia Engineering,2010,7(1):387-391.
[29] Jiang Tiantian, Yang Zhanyong.Research on Mine Safety Monitoring System Based onWSN[J]. Procedia Engineering,2011,26:2146-2151.
[30] George Hloupisa, Ilias Stavrakas, Konstantinos Moutzouris, Alex Alexandridis, DimosTriantis. WSN Open Source Development Platform: Application to Green Learning[J].Procedia Engineering,2011,25(1):1049-1052.
[31] Waleed M. Alfehaid, Asad I. Khan. Cellular Microscopic Pattern Recogniser–A DistributedComputational Approach for Macroscopic Event Detection in WSN[J]. Procedia ComputerScience,2011,4:66-75.
[32] Chun-Liang Hsu. Constructing transmitting interface of running parameters of small-scaledwind-power electricity generator with WSN modules[J]. Expert Systems with Applications,2010,37(5):3893-3909.
[33] M.C. Martín-Hernández, M. Juarez, M. Ramos.Biochemical Characteristics of Three Typesof Goat Cheese[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,1992,75(7):1747-1752.
[34] Wei-Chih Hsu, Chi-Wei Kuo, Wen-Wei Chang, Jhe-Jhao Chang, Yi-Ting Hou, Yi-ChungLan, Tung-Jung Sung, Yao-Joe Yang. A WSN smart medication system[J]. ProcediaEngineering,2010,5:588-591.
[35] Ahmad El Kouche, Louai Al-Awami, Hossam Hassanein. Dynamically ReconfigurableEnergy Aware Modular Software (DREAMS) Architecture for WSNs in IndustrialEnvironments[J]. Procedia Computer Science,2011,5:264-271
[36] James Eberwine, Tamas Bartfai. Single cell transcriptomics of hypothalamic warm sensitiveneurons that control core body temperature and fever response: Signaling asymmetry and anextension of chemical neuroanatomy[J]. Pharmacology&Therapeutics,2011,129(3):241-259.
[37] Paola Castaldi, Giovanni Garau, Pietro Melis. Maturity assessment of compost frommunicipal solid waste through the study of enzyme activities and water-soluble fractions[J].Waste Management,2008,28(3):534-540.
[38] Philippe Dubois, Cyril Botteron, Valentin Mitev, Carlo Menon, Pierre-André Farine, PaoloDainesi, Adrian Ionescu, Herbert Shea. Ad hoc wireless sensor networks for exploration ofSolar-system bodies[J]. Acta Astronautica,2009,64(5):626-643.
[39] Concepción Torres, Peter Gl sek tter. Reliable and energy optimized WSN design for atrain application[J]. Journal of Systems Architecture,2011,57(10):896-904.
[40] Pablo García Ansola, Javier de las Morenas, Andrés García, Javier Otamendi.Distributeddecision support system for airport ground handling management using WSN andMAS[J].Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence,2012,25(3):544-553
[41] Bok-Nyong Park, Wonjun Lee, Choonhwa Lee. QoS-aware Internet access schemes forwireless mobile ad hoc networks[J]. Computer Communications,2007,30(2):369-384.
[42] Y. Bai, Y. Chu, M.R. Ito. Dynamic end-to-end QoS support for video over the Internet[C].AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications,2011,65(5):385-391.
[43] Mari Carmen Domingo, David Remondo. QoS support between ad hoc networks and fixedIP networks[J]. Computer Communications,2008,31(11):2646-2655.
[44]马华东,陶丹.多媒体传感器网络及其研究进展[J].软件学报,2006,9:2013-2028.
[45]陈年生.无线移动自组织网络QoS路由协议的研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学计算机学院,2007.
[46]文浩,林闯,任丰原等.无线传感器网络的QoS体系结构[J].计算机学报,2009,32(3):432-440.
[47] D. Chen, Varshney PK. QoS support in wireless sensor networks: A survey[C]. in:proceedings of the Int Conference on Wireless Networks(ICWN2004), Las Vegas, Nevada,USA,2004.
[48] Sohrabi K, Gao J, Ailawadhi V, et al. Protocols for self-organization of a wireless sensornetwork[J]. IEEE Personal Communications,2000,7(5):16-27.
[49] He Tian, Stankovic JA, Lu CY, et al. A spatiotemporal communication protocol for wirelesssensor networks[J]. IEEE Transactionson Parallel and Distributed Systems,2005,16(10):995-1006.
[50] P. GuPta, P.R. Kumar. A system and traffic dependent adaptive routing algorithm for ad hocnetworks[J]. in: The36th Conference on Decision and Control. SanDiego, Califomia,1997.
[51] Shigang Chen，Klara N. Distributed quality-of-service routing in Ad hoc networks. IEEEJoumal on Selected Areas in Conununicatinns,1999,17(8):1488~1505.
[52]石坚,邹玲. Ad hoc网络中一种基于QoS的分布式多播路由算法[J].通信学报,2003,24(6):60-68.
[53] Toh C K. Maximum battery life routing to support ubiquitous mobile computing in wirelessAd hoc networks[J]. IEEE Communication Magzine,2001,(06):138~147
[54] HUANG C, DA IF, WU J. On-Demand loeation-aided QoS routing in ad hoc networks[C].In: Proc. of the Int’1Conf. on Parallel Processing(ICPP),2004.
[55] Sinha, P.,Sivakumar, R., Bharghavan, Vaduvur. CEDAR: A core-extraction distributed adhoc routing algorithm[J]. INFOCOM.1999,2(1):202-209
[56] Akkaya K, Younis M. An energy-aware QoS routing protocol for wireless sensornetworks[C]. in: proceedings of the Proceedings23rd International Conference onDistributed Computing Systems workshops，Rhode Island. Providence, RI, USA,2003.
[57] Floyd S，Jacobson V. Link-sharing and resource-management models for packet networks[J].IEEE-ACM Transactions on Networking,1995,3(4):365-386.
[58] Akkaya K, Younis M. Energy-aware delay-constrained routing in wireless sensornetworks[J]. Intemational Journal of Communication Systems,2004,17(6):663-687.
[59] Parekh AK, Gallager RG. A generalized processor sharing approach to flow-control inintegrated services networks-the multiple node case [J]. IEEE-ACM Transactions onNetworking,1994,2(2):137-150.
[60] Rahman MA, GhasemAghaei R, EI Saddik A, et al. M-IAR: biologically inspired routingprotocol for wireless multimedia sensor networks. in: proceedings of the2008IEEEInstrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference(IMTC’08), Victoria, BritishColumbia, Canada,2008.
[61] Peng Ji, Chengdong wu, Yunzhou Zhang, et al. DAST: a QoS-aware routing protocol forwireless sensor networks. in: proceedings of the2008International Conference on EmbeddedSoftware and Systems Symposia(ICESS Symposia), Chengdu,2008.
[62] Razzaque A, Alam MM, Mamun Or R, et al. Multi-constrained QoS geographic routing forheterogeneous traffic in sensor networks[J]. IEICE Transactions on Communications,2008:2589-2601.
[63] Shanghong Peng, Yang SX, Gregori S, et al. An adaptive QoS and energy-aware routingalgorithm for wireless sensor networks[C]. in: Proceedings of the2008InternationalConference on Information and Automation(ICIA), ZhangJiaJie, China,2008.
[64] Huang Xiaoxia, Fang Yuguang. Multiconstrained QoS multipath routing in wireless sensornetworks[J]. Wireless Networks,2008,14(4):465-478.
[65] Rosario G. Garroppo, Stefano Giordano, Luca Tavanti. A survey on multi-constrainedoptimal path computation: Exact and approximate algorithms[J]. Computer Networks,2010,54:3081-3107.
[66] Shinsuke Kajioka, Naoki Wakamiya, Hiroki Satoh, Kazuya Monden, Masato Hayashi,Susumu Matsui, Masayuki Murata. A QoS-aware routing mechanism for multi-channelmulti-interface ad-hoc networks[J]. Ad Hoc Networks,2011,9:911-927.
[67] Eliana Stavrou, Andreas Pitsillides. A survey on secure multipath routing protocols inWSNs[J]. Computer Networks,2010,54:2215-2238.
[68] Bheemarjuna Reddy Tamma, Anirudh Badam, C.Siva Ram Murthy, Ramesh R.Rao.K-Tree:A multiple tree video multicast protocol for Ad hoc wireless networks[J].ComputerNetworks,2010,54:1864-1884.
[69] Jiazi Yi, Asmaa Adnane, Sylvain David, Beno t Parrein. Multipath optimized link staterouting for mobile ad hoc networks[J]. Ad Hoc Networks,2011,9:28-47.
[70] Juan J.Gálvez, Pedro M.Ruiz, Antonio F.G.Skarmeta. Multipath routing with spatialseparation in wireless multi-hop networks without location information[J]. ComputerNetworks,2011,55:583-599.
[71] Mohammed Tarique,Kemal E.Tepe, SasanAdibi,ShervinErfani. Survey of multipath routingprotocols for mobile ad hoc networks[J]. Journal ofNetwork and Computer Applications,2009,32:1125-1143.
[72]方效林石胜飞李建中.无线传感器网络一种不相交路径路由算法[J].计算机研究与发展,2009,46(12):2053-2061.
[73]于继明，卢先领，杨余旺，孙亚民，杨静宇.无线传感器网络多路径路由协议研究进展[J].计算机应用研究,2007,24(6):1-3
[74]金仁成，秦纪云,高腾,王立鼎,胡熠东.一种适用于无线多媒体传感器网络的节点不相交多路径路由协议[J].传感器技术学报,2010,23(7):1000-1005.
[75] Ozlem Durmaz Incel. A survey on multi-channel communication in wireless sensornetworks[J]. Computer Networks, September.2011,55(13):3081-3099
[76] T. Dagiuklas, S. Kotsopoulos, I. Politis, M. Tsagkaropoulos. Power efficient videomultipath transmission over wireless multimedia sensor networks[J], Mobile Networks andApplications,2008,13(3):274–284.
[77]张维迎.博弈论与信息经济学[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2004.
[78] A.E. Roth. The Shapley value, essays in honor of Lloyd S. Shapley. Cambridge Univ. Press,2005.
[79] Lee SJ, Gerla M. Split Multipath Routing with Maximally Disjoint Paths in AdhocNetworks[C]. in:IEEE International Conference on Communications,2001(ICC2001). St.Petersburg, Russia, Jun.11-14,2001．
[80] Mhatre V, Rosenberg C. Design guidelines for wireless sensor networks: Communication,clustering and aggregation [J]. Ad Hoc Networks,2004,2(1):45-63.
[81] Busse M, Haenselmann T, Effelsberg W, et al. An Energy-Efficient Forwarding Scheme forWireless Sensor Networks[C]. in: Proceedings of the2006International Symposium onWorld of Wireless Mobile and Multimedia Networks, Buffalo-NY, USA,2006.
[82]王辉,俞能海,刘政凯.一种新的用于无线Ad hoc网络中视频传输的多路径包调度算法[J].电子与信息学报,2008,30(2):468-471.
[83] Jose L. Mu oz, Oscar Esparza, Mónica Aguilar, Victor Carrascal, Jordi Forné.RDSR-V.Reliable Dynamic Source Routing for video-streaming over mobile ad hoc networks[J].Computer Networks,2010,54(1):79-96
[84] Mónica Aguilar Igartua, Luis J. de la Cruz Llopis, Víctor Carrascal Frías, Emilio SanvicenteGargallo. A game-theoretic multipath routing for video-streaming services over Mobile AdHoc Networks[J]. Computer Networks,2011,55(13):2985-3000.
[85] Mónica Aguilar Igartua, Víctor Carrascal Frías. Self-configured multipath routing using pathlifetime for video-streaming services over Ad Hoc networks[J]. Computer Communications,2010,33(15):1879-1891
[86] E. Gurses, O.B. Akan. Multimedia communication in wireless sensor networks[J]. Annals ofTelecommunications,2005,60(7):799-827.
[87]李帮义,王玉燕.博弈论及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2010.
[88] Chang Pao-Yuan, Chen Deng-Jyi, and Kavi K M. Multimedia file allocation on VCnetworks using multipath routing[J]. IEEE Trans. on Computers,2000,49(9):971-977.
[89] Lee Kyeongja, Toguyeni A, and Rahmani A. Hybrid multipath routing algorithm for loadbalancing in MPLS based IP network.in:20th International Conference on AdvancedInformation Networking and Applications. Vienna, Austria,2006.
[90] Lee Patrick PC, Misra V, and Rubenstein D. Distributed algorithms for secure multipathrouting[C]. In:24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and CommunicationsSocieties(IEEE INFOCOM2005). Miami, USA,2005.
[91] Mao Shiwen, Hou Y T, Cheng Xiaolin, Sherali H D, and Midkiff S F. Multipath routing formultiple description video in wireless ad hoc networks[C]. in:24th Annual Joint Conferenceof the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies(IEEE INFOCOM2005). Miami,USA,2005.
[92] Mao Shiwen, Lin Shunan, Panwar S S, Wang Yao, and Celebi E. Video transport over adhoc networks multistream coding with multipath transport[J]. IEEE Journal on SelectedAreas in Communications,2003,21(10):1721-1737.
[93] Zeng X, Bagrodia R, Gerla M. GlomoSim: A Library for Parallel Simulation of Large-scaleWireless Networks[C]. in: Proc of the12th Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Systems,1998．
[94]李珊珊,廖湘科,朱培栋,彭绍亮.无线传感器网络中一种拥塞感知的多路径流量分配算法[J].计算机工程与科学,2008,30(3):86-88.
[95] Sinan Isik, Mehmet Yunus Donmez, Cem Ersoy. Multi-sink load balanced forwarding with amulti-criteria fuzzy sink selection for video sensor networks[J]. Computer Networks,2012,56(2):615-627.
[96] Evren Güney, Necati Aras,. Kuban Alt nel, Cem Ersoy. Efficient integer programmingformulations for optimum sink location and routing in heterogeneous wireless sensornetworks[J]. Computer Networks,2010,54(11):1805-1822.
[97] Sonia Hashish, Ahmed Karmouch. An adaptive rendezvous data dissemination for irregularsensor networks with multiple sinks[J]. Computer Communications,2010,33(2):176-189.
[98] Md Nafees Rahman, MA Matin. Efficient Algorithm for Prolonging Network Lifetime ofWireless Sensor Networks[J]. Tsinghua Science&Technology,2011,16(6):561-568.
[99] Mirela Marta, Mihaela Cardei.Improved sensor network lifetime with multiple mobilesinks[J]. Pervasive and Mobile Computing,2009,5(5):542-555.
[100] Adel Ali Ahmed, Norsheila Fisal. A real-time routing protocol with load distribution inwireless sensor networks[J]. Computer Communications,2008,31(14):3190-3203.
[101] Wang C P, Wei W. A load-balance routing algorithm for multi-sink wireless sensornetworks[C]. in: Proceedings of International Conference on Communication Software andNetworks. Macau, China,2009.
[102] Kiri Y, Murata M, Suqano M. Self-organized data-gathering scheme for multi-sink sensornetworks inspired by swarm intelligence[C]. in: Proceedings of First InternationalConference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems. Cambridge, Massachussets,2007.
[103] Meng M, Wu X L, Xu Hui, et al. Energy efficient routing in multiple sink sensornetworks[C]. in: Proceedings of fifth International Conference on Computational Science andApplications,2007.
[104] Kone, C.T., David, M., Lepage, F.. Cluster-based multi-channel system for improvingperformance of large-scale wireless multi-sink sensor networks[C]. in: Future Computer andCommunication (ICFCC),20102nd International Conference on,2010.
[105] Weiya Wang, Weibing Li, Dongdong Chen, Yuhui Han. Ant Colony Based RoutingAlgorithm for Multi-sink Networks[C].Computer Science and Information Engineering,2009.
[106] Silva, R., Sa Silva, Simek, M., Boavida. A new approach for multi-sink environments inWSNs[C]. in: Integrated Network Management,2009. IM '09. IFIP/IEEE InternationalSymposium on,2009.
[107] M. Kalantari, M. Shayman. Routing in wireless ad hoc networks by analogy to electrostatictheory[C]. in: in Proceedings of IEEE International Communications Conference (ICC-04),Paris,2004.
[108] M. Kalantari, M. Shayman. Design Optimization of Multi-Sink Sensor Networks byAnalogy to Electrostatic Theory[C]. in: Proceedings of IEEE WCNC. Las Vegas, NV,2006.
[109] M. Kalantari, M. Shayman. Routing in Multi-Commodity Sensor Networks Based onPartial Differential Equations[C]. In: Proceedings of Conference on Information Sciences andSystems, Princeton University, NJ,2006.
[110] Zoltán Vincze, Kristóf Fodor, Rolland Vida, Attila Vidács. Electrostatic Modelling ofMultiple Mobile Sinks in Wireless Sensor Networks[C]. in: Proceedings of IFIP NetworkingWorkshop on Performance Control in Wireless Sensor Networks, Coimbra, Portugal,2006.
[111] V. Lenders, M. May, B. Planttner. Service Discovery in Mobile ad hoc Networks: A FieldTheoretic Approach[C]. in: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on a World ofWireless Mobile and Multimedia Networks(WoWMoM), Taormina, Italy,2005.
[112] Hsing-Jung Huang, Ting-Hao Chang, Shu-Yu Hu, Polly Huang. Magnetic Diffusion:Scalability, Reliability,and QoS of Data Dissemination Mechanisms for Wireless SensorNetworks[J]. Computer Communications,2006,29:2482-2493.
[113] TOUMPIS S, TASSIULAS L. Packetostatics: deployment of massively dense sensornetworks as an electrostatic problem[C]. in: Proceedings of IEEE INFCOM,Miami,FL,2005.
[114] TOUMPIS S, GUPTA G A. Optimal placement of nodes in large sensor networks under ageneral physical layer model[C].in: Proceedings of IEEE SECON, Santa Clara, CA,2005.
[115] TOUMPIS S, TASSIULAS L. Optimal deployment of large wireless sensor networks[J].IEEE Trans Inform Theory,2006,52(7):2935-2953.
[116] Shah R, Rabaey J. Energy aware routing for low energy Ad hoc sensor networks. in: Proc.of the IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference,Orlando,2002.
[117] Antonio Capone, Matteo Cesana, Danilo De Donno, Ilario Filippini.Deploying multipleinterconnected gateways in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks: An optimizationapproach[J]. Computer Communications,2010,33(10):1151-1161.
[118] Yanyan Yang, Yunhuai Liu, Lionel M.Ni. Level the buffer wall: Fair channel assignmentin wireless sensor networks[J]. Computer Communications,2010,33(12):1370-1379.
[119] Evren Güney, Necati Aras,.Kuban Alt nel, Cem Ersoy. Efficient solution techniques forthe integrated coverage, sink location and routing problem in wireless sensor networks[J].Computers&Operations Research,2012,39(7):1530-1539.
[120] Jang-Ping Sheu, Prasan Kumar Sahoo, Chang-Hsin Su, Wei-Kai Hu. Efficient pathplanning and data gathering protocols for the wireless sensor network[J].ComputerCommunications,2010,33(3):398-408.
[121] Thomas A. Babbitt, Christopher Morrell, Boleslaw K. Szymanski, Joel W. Branch.Self-selecting reliable paths for wireless sensor network routing[J]. ComputerCommunications,2008,31(16):3799-3809.
[122] Dang Tu Nguyen, Wook Choi, Minh Thiep Ha, Hyunseung Choo. Design and analysis of amulti-candidate selection scheme for greedy routing in wireless sensor networks[J]. Journalof Network and Computer Applications,2011,34(6):1805-1817.
[123] Kweon K S, Ghim H J, Hong J Y, et al. Grid-based energy-efficient routing from multiplesources to multiple mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks[C]. in: Proceedings of the4thinternational conference on Wireless pervasive computing.Melboourne, Australia,2009.
[124]肖位枢.图论及其算法[M].北京:航空工业出版社,1993.
[2] Misra, Reisslein, Xue. A survey of multimedia streaming in wireless sensor networks[J].Communications Surveys&Tutorials,2008,10(4):18-39.
[3] Yaghmaee MH, Adjeroh DA. Priority-based rate control for service differentiation andcongestion control in wireless multimedia sensor networks[J]. Computer Networks,2009,53(11):1798-1811.
[4]李腊元，李春林.计算机网络技术(第二版)[M].北京:国际工业出版社,2004.
[5] Ian F. Akyildiz, Tommaso Melodia, Kaushik R. Chowdhury. A survey on wireless multimediasensor networks[J]. Computer Networks,2007,51(4):921-960.
[6] Ozgur B. Akan, Pascal Frossard, Qian Zhang, Nikil Jayant. Special issue on wirelessmultimedia sensor networks[J]. Computer Networks,2008,52(13):2529-2531.
[7] Lucas D.P. Mendes, Joel J.P.C. Rodrigues. A survey on cross-layer solutions for wirelesssensor networks[J]. Journal of Network and Computer Applications,2011,34(2):523-534.
[8]孙岩.多媒体传感器网络中服务质量保障问题的研究[D].北京邮电大学博士学位论文,2007.
[9]罗武胜,翟永平,鲁琴.无线多媒体传感器网络研究[J].电子与信息学报,2008,30(6):1511-1516.
[10]鲁琴,杜列波,左震.无线多媒体传感网节点能耗问题评述[J].传感器与微系统,2008,27(12):1-3.
[11]孙岩,马华东.无线多媒体传感器网络QoS保障问题[J].电子学报,2008,36(7):1412-1420.
[12] Sharifi M., Taleghan M.A., Taherkordi A. A Middleware Layer Mechanism for QoS SupportinWireless Sensor Networks[C]. in: Networking, International Conference on Systems andIntenational Conference on Mobile Communications and Leaning Technologies,2006.
[13] E Felemban, C-G Lee, E Ekici, R.Boder, S Vural. Probabilistic QoS guarantee in reliabilityand timeliness domains in wireless sensor networks[A]. In: Proceedings of24th AnnualJoint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications,2005.
[14] Neeraj Kumar, Rahat Iqbal, Naveen Chilamkurti, Anne James. An ant based multiconstraints QoS aware service selection algorithm in Wireless Mesh Networks[J].Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory,2011,19(9):1933-1945.
[15]李士宁，滕文星，张琪等．无线传感器网络QoS路由研究进展．计算机应用研究,2008,25(5):1304-1308.
[16] Savidge, L, Huang Lee, Aghajan, H, Goldsmith, A. QoS based geographic routing for eventdriven image sensor networks[C]. in: Proceedings of IEEE International Conference onBroadband Networks,2005.
[17] Nesrine Ouferhat, Abdelhamid Mellouck. QoS dynamic routing for wireless sensornetworks[C]. in: Proceedings of the2nd ACM international workshop on Quality of service&security for wireless and mobile networks,2006.
[18] Azzedine Boukerche, Begumhan Turgut, Nevin Aydin, Mohammad Z. Ahmad, LadislauB l ni, Damla Turgut. Routing protocols in ad hoc networks: A survey[J]. ComputerNetworks, September,2011,55(13):3032-3080.
[19] Shemin Kalam, Mahbub Gani, Lakmal Seneviratne. A game-theoretic approach tonon-cooperative target assignment[J]. Robotics and Autonomous Systems,2010,58(8):955-962.
[20] Luis Cobo, Alejandro Quintero, Samuel Pierre. Ant-based routing for wireless multimediasensor networks using multiple QoS metrics[J]. Computer Networks,2010,54(17):2991-3010.
[21] Dionisis Kandris, Michail Tsagkaropoulos, Ilias Politis, Anthony Tzes, Stavros Kotsopoulos.Energy efficient and perceived QoS aware video routing over Wireless Multimedia SensorNetworks[J]. Ad Hoc Networks,2011,9(4):591-607.
[22]李建中，李金宝，石胜飞.传感器网络及其数据管理的概念、问题与进展明[J].软件学报,2003,14(10):1717-1726.
[23]李建中,高宏.无线传感器网络的研究进展[J].计算机研究与发展,2008,45(01):1-15.
[24] Yick J, Mukherjee B, Ghosal D. Wireless sensor network survey[J]. Computer Networks,2008,52(12):2292-2330.
[25] Akyildiz IF, Su W, Sankarasubramaniam Y, et al. Wireless sensor networks: a survey[J].Computer Networks,2002,38(4):393-422.
[26] G. Simon, M. Maroti, A. Ledeczi, G. Balogh, B. Kusy, A. Nadas, G. Pap, J. Sallai, K.Frampton. Sensor network-based countersniper system[C]. in: Proceedings of the SecondInternational Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (Sensys), Baltimore, MD,2004.
[27] J. Yick, B. Mukherjee, D. Ghosal, Analysis of a Prediction-based Mobility AdaptiveTracking Algorithm[C]. in: Proceedings of the IEEE Second International Conference onBroadband Networks (BROADNETS), Boston,2005.
[28] Ming Denga, Qinhua Chen. Coal and gas outburst monitoring system based onWSN[J].Procedia Engineering,2010,7(1):387-391.
[29] Jiang Tiantian, Yang Zhanyong.Research on Mine Safety Monitoring System Based onWSN[J]. Procedia Engineering,2011,26:2146-2151.
[30] George Hloupisa, Ilias Stavrakas, Konstantinos Moutzouris, Alex Alexandridis, DimosTriantis. WSN Open Source Development Platform: Application to Green Learning[J].Procedia Engineering,2011,25(1):1049-1052.
[31] Waleed M. Alfehaid, Asad I. Khan. Cellular Microscopic Pattern Recogniser–A DistributedComputational Approach for Macroscopic Event Detection in WSN[J]. Procedia ComputerScience,2011,4:66-75.
[32] Chun-Liang Hsu. Constructing transmitting interface of running parameters of small-scaledwind-power electricity generator with WSN modules[J]. Expert Systems with Applications,2010,37(5):3893-3909.
[33] M.C. Martín-Hernández, M. Juarez, M. Ramos.Biochemical Characteristics of Three Typesof Goat Cheese[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,1992,75(7):1747-1752.
[34] Wei-Chih Hsu, Chi-Wei Kuo, Wen-Wei Chang, Jhe-Jhao Chang, Yi-Ting Hou, Yi-ChungLan, Tung-Jung Sung, Yao-Joe Yang. A WSN smart medication system[J]. ProcediaEngineering,2010,5:588-591.
[35] Ahmad El Kouche, Louai Al-Awami, Hossam Hassanein. Dynamically ReconfigurableEnergy Aware Modular Software (DREAMS) Architecture for WSNs in IndustrialEnvironments[J]. Procedia Computer Science,2011,5:264-271
[36] James Eberwine, Tamas Bartfai. Single cell transcriptomics of hypothalamic warm sensitiveneurons that control core body temperature and fever response: Signaling asymmetry and anextension of chemical neuroanatomy[J]. Pharmacology&Therapeutics,2011,129(3):241-259.
[37] Paola Castaldi, Giovanni Garau, Pietro Melis. Maturity assessment of compost frommunicipal solid waste through the study of enzyme activities and water-soluble fractions[J].Waste Management,2008,28(3):534-540.
[38] Philippe Dubois, Cyril Botteron, Valentin Mitev, Carlo Menon, Pierre-André Farine, PaoloDainesi, Adrian Ionescu, Herbert Shea. Ad hoc wireless sensor networks for exploration ofSolar-system bodies[J]. Acta Astronautica,2009,64(5):626-643.
[39] Concepción Torres, Peter Gl sek tter. Reliable and energy optimized WSN design for atrain application[J]. Journal of Systems Architecture,2011,57(10):896-904.
[40] Pablo García Ansola, Javier de las Morenas, Andrés García, Javier Otamendi.Distributeddecision support system for airport ground handling management using WSN andMAS[J].Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence,2012,25(3):544-553
[41] Bok-Nyong Park, Wonjun Lee, Choonhwa Lee. QoS-aware Internet access schemes forwireless mobile ad hoc networks[J]. Computer Communications,2007,30(2):369-384.
[42] Y. Bai, Y. Chu, M.R. Ito. Dynamic end-to-end QoS support for video over the Internet[C].AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications,2011,65(5):385-391.
[43] Mari Carmen Domingo, David Remondo. QoS support between ad hoc networks and fixedIP networks[J]. Computer Communications,2008,31(11):2646-2655.
[44]马华东,陶丹.多媒体传感器网络及其研究进展[J].软件学报,2006,9:2013-2028.
[45]陈年生.无线移动自组织网络QoS路由协议的研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学计算机学院,2007.
[46]文浩,林闯,任丰原等.无线传感器网络的QoS体系结构[J].计算机学报,2009,32(3):432-440.
[47] D. Chen, Varshney PK. QoS support in wireless sensor networks: A survey[C]. in:proceedings of the Int Conference on Wireless Networks(ICWN2004), Las Vegas, Nevada,USA,2004.
[48] Sohrabi K, Gao J, Ailawadhi V, et al. Protocols for self-organization of a wireless sensornetwork[J]. IEEE Personal Communications,2000,7(5):16-27.
[49] He Tian, Stankovic JA, Lu CY, et al. A spatiotemporal communication protocol for wirelesssensor networks[J]. IEEE Transactionson Parallel and Distributed Systems,2005,16(10):995-1006.
[50] P. GuPta, P.R. Kumar. A system and traffic dependent adaptive routing algorithm for ad hocnetworks[J]. in: The36th Conference on Decision and Control. SanDiego, Califomia,1997.
[51] Shigang Chen，Klara N. Distributed quality-of-service routing in Ad hoc networks. IEEEJoumal on Selected Areas in Conununicatinns,1999,17(8):1488~1505.
[52]石坚,邹玲. Ad hoc网络中一种基于QoS的分布式多播路由算法[J].通信学报,2003,24(6):60-68.
[53] Toh C K. Maximum battery life routing to support ubiquitous mobile computing in wirelessAd hoc networks[J]. IEEE Communication Magzine,2001,(06):138~147
[54] HUANG C, DA IF, WU J. On-Demand loeation-aided QoS routing in ad hoc networks[C].In: Proc. of the Int’1Conf. on Parallel Processing(ICPP),2004.
[55] Sinha, P.,Sivakumar, R., Bharghavan, Vaduvur. CEDAR: A core-extraction distributed adhoc routing algorithm[J]. INFOCOM.1999,2(1):202-209
[56] Akkaya K, Younis M. An energy-aware QoS routing protocol for wireless sensornetworks[C]. in: proceedings of the Proceedings23rd International Conference onDistributed Computing Systems workshops，Rhode Island. Providence, RI, USA,2003.
[57] Floyd S，Jacobson V. Link-sharing and resource-management models for packet networks[J].IEEE-ACM Transactions on Networking,1995,3(4):365-386.
[58] Akkaya K, Younis M. Energy-aware delay-constrained routing in wireless sensornetworks[J]. Intemational Journal of Communication Systems,2004,17(6):663-687.
[59] Parekh AK, Gallager RG. A generalized processor sharing approach to flow-control inintegrated services networks-the multiple node case [J]. IEEE-ACM Transactions onNetworking,1994,2(2):137-150.
[60] Rahman MA, GhasemAghaei R, EI Saddik A, et al. M-IAR: biologically inspired routingprotocol for wireless multimedia sensor networks. in: proceedings of the2008IEEEInstrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference(IMTC’08), Victoria, BritishColumbia, Canada,2008.
[61] Peng Ji, Chengdong wu, Yunzhou Zhang, et al. DAST: a QoS-aware routing protocol forwireless sensor networks. in: proceedings of the2008International Conference on EmbeddedSoftware and Systems Symposia(ICESS Symposia), Chengdu,2008.
[62] Razzaque A, Alam MM, Mamun Or R, et al. Multi-constrained QoS geographic routing forheterogeneous traffic in sensor networks[J]. IEICE Transactions on Communications,2008:2589-2601.
[63] Shanghong Peng, Yang SX, Gregori S, et al. An adaptive QoS and energy-aware routingalgorithm for wireless sensor networks[C]. in: Proceedings of the2008InternationalConference on Information and Automation(ICIA), ZhangJiaJie, China,2008.
[64] Huang Xiaoxia, Fang Yuguang. Multiconstrained QoS multipath routing in wireless sensornetworks[J]. Wireless Networks,2008,14(4):465-478.
[65] Rosario G. Garroppo, Stefano Giordano, Luca Tavanti. A survey on multi-constrainedoptimal path computation: Exact and approximate algorithms[J]. Computer Networks,2010,54:3081-3107.
[66] Shinsuke Kajioka, Naoki Wakamiya, Hiroki Satoh, Kazuya Monden, Masato Hayashi,Susumu Matsui, Masayuki Murata. A QoS-aware routing mechanism for multi-channelmulti-interface ad-hoc networks[J]. Ad Hoc Networks,2011,9:911-927.
[67] Eliana Stavrou, Andreas Pitsillides. A survey on secure multipath routing protocols inWSNs[J]. Computer Networks,2010,54:2215-2238.
[68] Bheemarjuna Reddy Tamma, Anirudh Badam, C.Siva Ram Murthy, Ramesh R.Rao.K-Tree:A multiple tree video multicast protocol for Ad hoc wireless networks[J].ComputerNetworks,2010,54:1864-1884.
[69] Jiazi Yi, Asmaa Adnane, Sylvain David, Beno t Parrein. Multipath optimized link staterouting for mobile ad hoc networks[J]. Ad Hoc Networks,2011,9:28-47.
[70] Juan J.Gálvez, Pedro M.Ruiz, Antonio F.G.Skarmeta. Multipath routing with spatialseparation in wireless multi-hop networks without location information[J]. ComputerNetworks,2011,55:583-599.
[71] Mohammed Tarique,Kemal E.Tepe, SasanAdibi,ShervinErfani. Survey of multipath routingprotocols for mobile ad hoc networks[J]. Journal ofNetwork and Computer Applications,2009,32:1125-1143.
[72]方效林石胜飞李建中.无线传感器网络一种不相交路径路由算法[J].计算机研究与发展,2009,46(12):2053-2061.
[73]于继明，卢先领，杨余旺，孙亚民，杨静宇.无线传感器网络多路径路由协议研究进展[J].计算机应用研究,2007,24(6):1-3
[74]金仁成，秦纪云,高腾,王立鼎,胡熠东.一种适用于无线多媒体传感器网络的节点不相交多路径路由协议[J].传感器技术学报,2010,23(7):1000-1005.
[75] Ozlem Durmaz Incel. A survey on multi-channel communication in wireless sensornetworks[J]. Computer Networks, September.2011,55(13):3081-3099
[76] T. Dagiuklas, S. Kotsopoulos, I. Politis, M. Tsagkaropoulos. Power efficient videomultipath transmission over wireless multimedia sensor networks[J], Mobile Networks andApplications,2008,13(3):274–284.
[77]张维迎.博弈论与信息经济学[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2004.
[78] A.E. Roth. The Shapley value, essays in honor of Lloyd S. Shapley. Cambridge Univ. Press,2005.
[79] Lee SJ, Gerla M. Split Multipath Routing with Maximally Disjoint Paths in AdhocNetworks[C]. in:IEEE International Conference on Communications,2001(ICC2001). St.Petersburg, Russia, Jun.11-14,2001．
[80] Mhatre V, Rosenberg C. Design guidelines for wireless sensor networks: Communication,clustering and aggregation [J]. Ad Hoc Networks,2004,2(1):45-63.
[81] Busse M, Haenselmann T, Effelsberg W, et al. An Energy-Efficient Forwarding Scheme forWireless Sensor Networks[C]. in: Proceedings of the2006International Symposium onWorld of Wireless Mobile and Multimedia Networks, Buffalo-NY, USA,2006.
[82]王辉,俞能海,刘政凯.一种新的用于无线Ad hoc网络中视频传输的多路径包调度算法[J].电子与信息学报,2008,30(2):468-471.
[83] Jose L. Mu oz, Oscar Esparza, Mónica Aguilar, Victor Carrascal, Jordi Forné.RDSR-V.Reliable Dynamic Source Routing for video-streaming over mobile ad hoc networks[J].Computer Networks,2010,54(1):79-96
[84] Mónica Aguilar Igartua, Luis J. de la Cruz Llopis, Víctor Carrascal Frías, Emilio SanvicenteGargallo. A game-theoretic multipath routing for video-streaming services over Mobile AdHoc Networks[J]. Computer Networks,2011,55(13):2985-3000.
[85] Mónica Aguilar Igartua, Víctor Carrascal Frías. Self-configured multipath routing using pathlifetime for video-streaming services over Ad Hoc networks[J]. Computer Communications,2010,33(15):1879-1891
[86] E. Gurses, O.B. Akan. Multimedia communication in wireless sensor networks[J]. Annals ofTelecommunications,2005,60(7):799-827.
[87]李帮义,王玉燕.博弈论及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2010.
[88] Chang Pao-Yuan, Chen Deng-Jyi, and Kavi K M. Multimedia file allocation on VCnetworks using multipath routing[J]. IEEE Trans. on Computers,2000,49(9):971-977.
[89] Lee Kyeongja, Toguyeni A, and Rahmani A. Hybrid multipath routing algorithm for loadbalancing in MPLS based IP network.in:20th International Conference on AdvancedInformation Networking and Applications. Vienna, Austria,2006.
[90] Lee Patrick PC, Misra V, and Rubenstein D. Distributed algorithms for secure multipathrouting[C]. In:24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and CommunicationsSocieties(IEEE INFOCOM2005). Miami, USA,2005.
[91] Mao Shiwen, Hou Y T, Cheng Xiaolin, Sherali H D, and Midkiff S F. Multipath routing formultiple description video in wireless ad hoc networks[C]. in:24th Annual Joint Conferenceof the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies(IEEE INFOCOM2005). Miami,USA,2005.
[92] Mao Shiwen, Lin Shunan, Panwar S S, Wang Yao, and Celebi E. Video transport over adhoc networks multistream coding with multipath transport[J]. IEEE Journal on SelectedAreas in Communications,2003,21(10):1721-1737.
[93] Zeng X, Bagrodia R, Gerla M. GlomoSim: A Library for Parallel Simulation of Large-scaleWireless Networks[C]. in: Proc of the12th Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Systems,1998．
[94]李珊珊,廖湘科,朱培栋,彭绍亮.无线传感器网络中一种拥塞感知的多路径流量分配算法[J].计算机工程与科学,2008,30(3):86-88.
[95] Sinan Isik, Mehmet Yunus Donmez, Cem Ersoy. Multi-sink load balanced forwarding with amulti-criteria fuzzy sink selection for video sensor networks[J]. Computer Networks,2012,56(2):615-627.
[96] Evren Güney, Necati Aras,. Kuban Alt nel, Cem Ersoy. Efficient integer programmingformulations for optimum sink location and routing in heterogeneous wireless sensornetworks[J]. Computer Networks,2010,54(11):1805-1822.
[97] Sonia Hashish, Ahmed Karmouch. An adaptive rendezvous data dissemination for irregularsensor networks with multiple sinks[J]. Computer Communications,2010,33(2):176-189.
[98] Md Nafees Rahman, MA Matin. Efficient Algorithm for Prolonging Network Lifetime ofWireless Sensor Networks[J]. Tsinghua Science&Technology,2011,16(6):561-568.
[99] Mirela Marta, Mihaela Cardei.Improved sensor network lifetime with multiple mobilesinks[J]. Pervasive and Mobile Computing,2009,5(5):542-555.
[100] Adel Ali Ahmed, Norsheila Fisal. A real-time routing protocol with load distribution inwireless sensor networks[J]. Computer Communications,2008,31(14):3190-3203.
[101] Wang C P, Wei W. A load-balance routing algorithm for multi-sink wireless sensornetworks[C]. in: Proceedings of International Conference on Communication Software andNetworks. Macau, China,2009.
[102] Kiri Y, Murata M, Suqano M. Self-organized data-gathering scheme for multi-sink sensornetworks inspired by swarm intelligence[C]. in: Proceedings of First InternationalConference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems. Cambridge, Massachussets,2007.
[103] Meng M, Wu X L, Xu Hui, et al. Energy efficient routing in multiple sink sensornetworks[C]. in: Proceedings of fifth International Conference on Computational Science andApplications,2007.
[104] Kone, C.T., David, M., Lepage, F.. Cluster-based multi-channel system for improvingperformance of large-scale wireless multi-sink sensor networks[C]. in: Future Computer andCommunication (ICFCC),20102nd International Conference on,2010.
[105] Weiya Wang, Weibing Li, Dongdong Chen, Yuhui Han. Ant Colony Based RoutingAlgorithm for Multi-sink Networks[C].Computer Science and Information Engineering,2009.
[106] Silva, R., Sa Silva, Simek, M., Boavida. A new approach for multi-sink environments inWSNs[C]. in: Integrated Network Management,2009. IM '09. IFIP/IEEE InternationalSymposium on,2009.
[107] M. Kalantari, M. Shayman. Routing in wireless ad hoc networks by analogy to electrostatictheory[C]. in: in Proceedings of IEEE International Communications Conference (ICC-04),Paris,2004.
[108] M. Kalantari, M. Shayman. Design Optimization of Multi-Sink Sensor Networks byAnalogy to Electrostatic Theory[C]. in: Proceedings of IEEE WCNC. Las Vegas, NV,2006.
[109] M. Kalantari, M. Shayman. Routing in Multi-Commodity Sensor Networks Based onPartial Differential Equations[C]. In: Proceedings of Conference on Information Sciences andSystems, Princeton University, NJ,2006.
[110] Zoltán Vincze, Kristóf Fodor, Rolland Vida, Attila Vidács. Electrostatic Modelling ofMultiple Mobile Sinks in Wireless Sensor Networks[C]. in: Proceedings of IFIP NetworkingWorkshop on Performance Control in Wireless Sensor Networks, Coimbra, Portugal,2006.
[111] V. Lenders, M. May, B. Planttner. Service Discovery in Mobile ad hoc Networks: A FieldTheoretic Approach[C]. in: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on a World ofWireless Mobile and Multimedia Networks(WoWMoM), Taormina, Italy,2005.
[112] Hsing-Jung Huang, Ting-Hao Chang, Shu-Yu Hu, Polly Huang. Magnetic Diffusion:Scalability, Reliability,and QoS of Data Dissemination Mechanisms for Wireless SensorNetworks[J]. Computer Communications,2006,29:2482-2493.
[113] TOUMPIS S, TASSIULAS L. Packetostatics: deployment of massively dense sensornetworks as an electrostatic problem[C]. in: Proceedings of IEEE INFCOM,Miami,FL,2005.
[114] TOUMPIS S, GUPTA G A. Optimal placement of nodes in large sensor networks under ageneral physical layer model[C].in: Proceedings of IEEE SECON, Santa Clara, CA,2005.
[115] TOUMPIS S, TASSIULAS L. Optimal deployment of large wireless sensor networks[J].IEEE Trans Inform Theory,2006,52(7):2935-2953.
[116] Shah R, Rabaey J. Energy aware routing for low energy Ad hoc sensor networks. in: Proc.of the IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference,Orlando,2002.
[117] Antonio Capone, Matteo Cesana, Danilo De Donno, Ilario Filippini.Deploying multipleinterconnected gateways in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks: An optimizationapproach[J]. Computer Communications,2010,33(10):1151-1161.
[118] Yanyan Yang, Yunhuai Liu, Lionel M.Ni. Level the buffer wall: Fair channel assignmentin wireless sensor networks[J]. Computer Communications,2010,33(12):1370-1379.
[119] Evren Güney, Necati Aras,.Kuban Alt nel, Cem Ersoy. Efficient solution techniques forthe integrated coverage, sink location and routing problem in wireless sensor networks[J].Computers&Operations Research,2012,39(7):1530-1539.
[120] Jang-Ping Sheu, Prasan Kumar Sahoo, Chang-Hsin Su, Wei-Kai Hu. Efficient pathplanning and data gathering protocols for the wireless sensor network[J].ComputerCommunications,2010,33(3):398-408.
[121] Thomas A. Babbitt, Christopher Morrell, Boleslaw K. Szymanski, Joel W. Branch.Self-selecting reliable paths for wireless sensor network routing[J]. ComputerCommunications,2008,31(16):3799-3809.
[122] Dang Tu Nguyen, Wook Choi, Minh Thiep Ha, Hyunseung Choo. Design and analysis of amulti-candidate selection scheme for greedy routing in wireless sensor networks[J]. Journalof Network and Computer Applications,2011,34(6):1805-1817.
[123] Kweon K S, Ghim H J, Hong J Y, et al. Grid-based energy-efficient routing from multiplesources to multiple mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks[C]. in: Proceedings of the4thinternational conference on Wireless pervasive computing.Melboourne, Australia,2009.
[124]肖位枢.图论及其算法[M].北京:航空工业出版社,1993.