重钢高炉喷煤优化与实践研究
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摘要
重钢高炉喷煤技术经过多年的研究与实践,取得了长足进步。本文在系统研究和分析重钢高炉喷煤技术发展与存在的问题基础上,对煤粉在高炉内的利用状况进行了研究,根据重钢高炉冶炼基本条件和冶炼制度,对重钢高炉喷煤工艺优化、合理喷煤量、高炉冶炼工艺对喷煤过程的影响开展了深入研究,提出了合理的喷煤工艺参数选择、喷吹制度。
重钢高炉喷煤的重要作用体现在,缓解焦资源紧张的突出矛盾;降低生铁成本,提高经济效益;降低综合焦比,为强化高炉冶炼提供了条件。
煤粉喷吹量提高后,焦炭负荷明显增加,使高炉上部边沿气流趋于发展,煤气流中心趋于发展;随着喷煤量的增加,呈现中心CO2下降,边缘CO2上升的趋势,有利于中心气流的发展;炉缸中心温度升高,炉缸温度趋于均匀;间接还原改善,有利于炉缸温度提高。喷吹煤粉后,降低了燃烧带的温度,生铁[Si]降低。
重钢高炉喷煤量提高到110kg/t.Fe以上,炉缸工作状态改善,高炉稳定顺行提高,综合冶炼强度提高,产量水平提高。
烟煤的燃烧率高于无烟煤,混合煤粉中,随烟煤配比提高煤粉的燃烧率提高,当烟煤含量为45~50%时,反应指数最高。综合重钢高炉喷吹煤种的特性,在重钢目前的冶炼制度下,考虑喷吹对高炉冶炼过程和产品质量的影响、综合经济效益等因素,喷吹煤粉合理组成为烟煤45-50%、无烟煤50-55%。
提高高炉的煤比主要措施:合理配料,减少入炉碱负荷,提高品位;改善配煤结构,进行烟煤混喷;提高风温,稳定富氧;改进喷枪结构,采取全风口广喷均喷;优化高炉操作,合理的装料制度;提高布料准确率,形成较为理想的气流分布。
根据重钢高炉喷吹实践研究结果分析,重钢高炉优化操作的方向是:进一步提高炉料品位,改善炉料结构和高炉的装料制度,稳定并提高风温,提高富氧率并达到2%,在此条件下,煤比可达到120kg/t.Fe以上,综合焦比可降低到520kg/t.Fe以下。
During many years researching and practisesing, the technology of coal powder injection in Chongqing I&S Co. has been advanced. Based on studying and analysising the existing problems of injection technology in Chongqing I&S Co., the utilization of coal powder in blast furnace has been researched. According to smelting conditions and rules of Chongqing I&S Co., the process optimizing, injection quantity and influencing factor of injection process have been studied. The proper processing parameters ans injection rules have been proposed.
The coal powder injection in Chongqing I&S Co. is of very importance. By using this technology, the cost of pig iron can be reduced and profits can be promoted. Moreover, the integrated coke ratio can be reduced so that the melting conditions of blast furnace can be improved.
The load of coke increased when the injection quantity enhanced. That made airflow developed. Along with the increase of injection quantity, the central CO2 descended and the marginal CO2 ascended. This situation was good for the development of central airflow. Moreover, the temperature in hearth ascended so that the temperature was driven to uniformity. Furthermore, indirect reduction has been improved then the temperature in hearth increased. Besides, the temperature of combution belt reduced and the contents of silicon reduced after coal powder injected.
The injection quantity has been promoted to 110 Kg/tFe. The working conditions of furnace hearth has been improved, so the blast furnace performed stably. The rate of driving and yield were increased.
Combution rate of bituminous coal was higher than that of anthracite coal. So the promotion of combution rate increased along with mixture ratio of bituminous coal. The reaction index was in the highest level when the content of bituminous coal was between 45% to 50%. Considering all influencing factor, the proper composition of injection coal is that bituminous coal is 45% to 50% and the anthracite coal is 50% to 55%.
The main ways to improve the coal ratio of blast furnace are mixing properly, reducing the alkali load, improving the purity, promoting the structure of mixing coal, advanced the air temperature, optimizing the furnace operation, and so on.
Based on the research of injection in Chongqing I&S Co., the ways to optimize the blast furnace operation are promoting the purity of furnace charges, improving the structure of charges and the charging rules, stablizing and increasing the air temperature, and promoting the ratio of oxygen-enriched to 2%. Under this conditions, the coal ratio can be increased to over 120 Kg/tFe and the integrated coke ratio can be reduced to 520 kg/tFe.
重钢高炉喷煤的重要作用体现在,缓解焦资源紧张的突出矛盾;降低生铁成本,提高经济效益;降低综合焦比,为强化高炉冶炼提供了条件。
煤粉喷吹量提高后,焦炭负荷明显增加,使高炉上部边沿气流趋于发展,煤气流中心趋于发展;随着喷煤量的增加,呈现中心CO2下降,边缘CO2上升的趋势,有利于中心气流的发展;炉缸中心温度升高,炉缸温度趋于均匀;间接还原改善,有利于炉缸温度提高。喷吹煤粉后,降低了燃烧带的温度,生铁[Si]降低。
重钢高炉喷煤量提高到110kg/t.Fe以上,炉缸工作状态改善,高炉稳定顺行提高,综合冶炼强度提高,产量水平提高。
烟煤的燃烧率高于无烟煤,混合煤粉中,随烟煤配比提高煤粉的燃烧率提高,当烟煤含量为45~50%时,反应指数最高。综合重钢高炉喷吹煤种的特性,在重钢目前的冶炼制度下,考虑喷吹对高炉冶炼过程和产品质量的影响、综合经济效益等因素,喷吹煤粉合理组成为烟煤45-50%、无烟煤50-55%。
提高高炉的煤比主要措施:合理配料,减少入炉碱负荷,提高品位;改善配煤结构,进行烟煤混喷;提高风温,稳定富氧;改进喷枪结构,采取全风口广喷均喷;优化高炉操作,合理的装料制度;提高布料准确率,形成较为理想的气流分布。
根据重钢高炉喷吹实践研究结果分析,重钢高炉优化操作的方向是:进一步提高炉料品位,改善炉料结构和高炉的装料制度,稳定并提高风温,提高富氧率并达到2%,在此条件下,煤比可达到120kg/t.Fe以上,综合焦比可降低到520kg/t.Fe以下。
During many years researching and practisesing, the technology of coal powder injection in Chongqing I&S Co. has been advanced. Based on studying and analysising the existing problems of injection technology in Chongqing I&S Co., the utilization of coal powder in blast furnace has been researched. According to smelting conditions and rules of Chongqing I&S Co., the process optimizing, injection quantity and influencing factor of injection process have been studied. The proper processing parameters ans injection rules have been proposed.
The coal powder injection in Chongqing I&S Co. is of very importance. By using this technology, the cost of pig iron can be reduced and profits can be promoted. Moreover, the integrated coke ratio can be reduced so that the melting conditions of blast furnace can be improved.
The load of coke increased when the injection quantity enhanced. That made airflow developed. Along with the increase of injection quantity, the central CO2 descended and the marginal CO2 ascended. This situation was good for the development of central airflow. Moreover, the temperature in hearth ascended so that the temperature was driven to uniformity. Furthermore, indirect reduction has been improved then the temperature in hearth increased. Besides, the temperature of combution belt reduced and the contents of silicon reduced after coal powder injected.
The injection quantity has been promoted to 110 Kg/tFe. The working conditions of furnace hearth has been improved, so the blast furnace performed stably. The rate of driving and yield were increased.
Combution rate of bituminous coal was higher than that of anthracite coal. So the promotion of combution rate increased along with mixture ratio of bituminous coal. The reaction index was in the highest level when the content of bituminous coal was between 45% to 50%. Considering all influencing factor, the proper composition of injection coal is that bituminous coal is 45% to 50% and the anthracite coal is 50% to 55%.
The main ways to improve the coal ratio of blast furnace are mixing properly, reducing the alkali load, improving the purity, promoting the structure of mixing coal, advanced the air temperature, optimizing the furnace operation, and so on.
Based on the research of injection in Chongqing I&S Co., the ways to optimize the blast furnace operation are promoting the purity of furnace charges, improving the structure of charges and the charging rules, stablizing and increasing the air temperature, and promoting the ratio of oxygen-enriched to 2%. Under this conditions, the coal ratio can be increased to over 120 Kg/tFe and the integrated coke ratio can be reduced to 520 kg/tFe.
引文
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[8] 郝秀平天铁高炉提高煤比技术措施及建议.天津冶金,200,(6):41-43 [g] 郁庆瑶喷吹煤粉粒度对燃烧性能影响的研究,宝钢科技,200,(5):17~20
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[20] 李家新.大喷煤量高炉冶炼的理论及实践,包头钢铁学院学报,199,18(2):11~16.
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[26] Bonet.L.控制粉煤高喷吹率时的冷却措施.钢技术,199,(2):58~67.
[27] BABIGH 提高高炉粉煤的利用率.钢技术,199,(2): 16
[28] Takeda 高炉粉煤燃烧的综合数学模型.N技术,199,(2):68~71
[29] 赵虹,浅论我省高炉喷吹煤粉和降焦的应用和发展云南冶金,200,29 (2):40~43.
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[2] 靳秉嵘,包V4#高炉煤粉喷吹系统的改造.炼铁,200,19(4):5-8.
[3] Wanghongzhang, Practice of Pulverized Bituminous Coal Injection to MBFs. IRON MAKING CONFEREN CEPROCEDINDS.199.(4):165-169
[4] 宋怀风,高炉风口小套设计的理论思考与建议.河北理工学院学报,2002(1):48~51
[5] 胡军.利用废弃无烟煤生产冶金喷吹料.北京科技大学学报,200,2 (6):493^-496.
[6] 单泪华.首钢高炉喷吹阳泉洗精煤的试验研究.首钢科技,200,(5):12-14.
[7] 竺维春神府半焦用于首钢高炉喷吹的试验室研究首钢科技,2000,(6):12-14.
[8] 郝秀平天铁高炉提高煤比技术措施及建议.天津冶金,200,(6):41-43 [g] 郁庆瑶喷吹煤粉粒度对燃烧性能影响的研究,宝钢科技,200,(5):17~20
[10] 刘新.未燃煤粉在高炉内的内部特性实验研究东北大学学报,自然科学版2000,21(2):177~180
[11] 宋海旺,刘健.天铁高炉喷煤的效果与发展方向天津冶金,200,(6):36~38.
[12] 桂国华酒钢新I#高炉达产达标、实践炼铁,199,18(2):42~43
[13] 程友三太钢高炉降焦技术的进步.炼铁,199,18(2):26~29
[14] 曾加庆,尹建威.高炉未燃烧煤粉活性试验研究.炼铁,199,18(2):3-35.
[15] 习温压湛,首钢矮胖高炉降焦生产实践.首钢科技,1989,(2):60^62.
[16] Chen Lan bei, Blast furnace eiron making process and calculation, IRON MAKING CONFERENCEPROCEEDINGS.199,(3):65~68.
[17] 刀数泉.提高高炉喷煤比的实践与体会首钢科技,199,(2):65~68.
[18] 李保卫,丁立刚.高炉喷煤煤粉的理论研究钢铁学院学报,199,18(2):103-105.
[19] 丁立刚,徐楚韶.氧煤枪出口煤粉行为的数学模型.包头钢铁学院学报,199,18(2): 106~107
[20] 李家新.大喷煤量高炉冶炼的理论及实践,包头钢铁学院学报,199,18(2):11~16.
[21] 耿涤高炉喷吹烟煤技术.马钢技术,199 (2):3-9.
[22] Coshnk.T.W 高炉生产的粉煤喷吹技术钢技术,199.(2):17-12 23] Wchang.G.K喷吹粉煤时高炉内风口平面焦炭的特性钢技术,199,(2):35~42
[24] Maki.A福山4高炉218kg/t的高煤比技术钢技术,199,(2):50~57
[25] Keneth, .Muske.Hot blast stove process model and model based controuer. Iron and steel Enginer.199,(4),56-57
[26] Bonet.L.控制粉煤高喷吹率时的冷却措施.钢技术,199,(2):58~67.
[27] BABIGH 提高高炉粉煤的利用率.钢技术,199,(2): 16
[28] Takeda 高炉粉煤燃烧的综合数学模型.N技术,199,(2):68~71
[29] 赵虹,浅论我省高炉喷吹煤粉和降焦的应用和发展云南冶金,200,29 (2):40~43.
[30] kokugaws.s著,徐万仁译.高炉高喷煤比操作用高质量烧结矿的生产.世界钢铁2000,(3).22~27.
[31] 梁明宇.国外高炉喷煤,布料控制,长寿的技术.现代冶金,200,(2):40~42.
[32] 王立刚,张振中. 炉料质量对高炉技术指标的影响及分析承钢技.,200,(1):14~16.
[33] N.Ponghis,CRM,Reductionof Blast Coke Rate: Coal injection, ICSTI/IRON MAKING CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, 1998,(6):365368.
[34] 邹祖桥煤粉残炭二氧化碳,反应性实验研究,华中理工大学学报 200,28(7):62~64.
[35] 谢振安高炉喷吹和烧结用无烟煤分造新工艺.冶金能源200,19(3):7~9.
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