北一区断东二类、三类油层合理开发次序数值模拟研究
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摘要
主力油层是之前油田开采的主要开发和研究对象,但是随着开采程度的日益增加,主力油层的开采潜力已经逐渐在下降,而那些相对主力油层物性条件较差的二类油层和三类油层的研究和开发越来越引起了油田的注意和重视。
研究区目的层萨Ⅱ10～萨Ⅲ10层段地质储量约为369.56×10~4吨。由于这部分油层物性条件差,使得二类、三类油层在开采过程中受到了一定的限制,增加了难度,需要采取与主力油层不同的层系组合方式和不同的开发方案来进行开采。所以二类、三类油层开发次序如何组合才能使油田取得最大的效益是一个亟需研究解决的问题。因此开展适合二类油层和三类油层合理开发次序的高效开采方法研究,提高二类、三类油层最终采收率,为大庆油田二类、三类油层的开发提供技术储备,对油田生产方案的制定具有一定的指导意义。
本文通过对研究区块的实际调查和研究,利用建模软件建立了精细油藏地质模型,对研究区的地质特征状况进行了精细描述。采用油藏数值模拟的方法对研究区的实际开发状况进行了水驱历史拟合,达到了较高的符合率,满足了精度的要求。设计并制定了水驱和化学驱两套四组共12个研究预测方案,对研究区的生产动态指标进行了预测和分析。并对相同注入时机不同开发次序,不同注入时机相同开发次序和不同注入时机不同开发次序之间进行了综合对比分析和合理的经济评价,最终优选出了效益最佳的合理开发次序方案,即在区块含水率为90%时对二类、三类油层同时进行三次采油的开采方案为最佳方案。此方案的累积产油量为75.12万吨,最终采收率可达到55.82%,比水驱方案提高11.02个百分点。
The major reservoir is the main development and study object in oil-field exploitation process before now. But along with the increase of exploitation degree, the exploitation potential of major reservoir has reduced gradually. While the study and development of the Class II and III reservoir, the physical property of which is poorer compared with the major reservoir, has more and more attracted the attention and high opinion of oil field.
The reserve of Class II and III reservoirs of subject reservoir in studies area is about 3.6956 million tons. The physical property of these reservoirs is poor relatively. So the exploitation of Class II and III reservoirs is limited in part. The exploitation difficulty of Class II and III reservoirs increases also. So it is need to exploit oil field with the combination method of series of strata different from the method of the major reservoir exploitation. Therefore it is urgent need to be resolved that how to make the largest benefit for oil field with the combination method of series of strata. The proper development priorities research of effective exploitation method fit for Class II and III reservoir, enhancing ultimate oil recovery, supplying technical equipment for the Daqing oil field have very important practical instructional signification for the sustainable development of oil field.
The fine oil geological model is set up with the modeling software by the research of studied area. The geological character status is described accurately. Development status of studied area is simulated with the method of water flooding history matching, which achieves the higher degree of conformity and satisfies the precision request. The twelve research forecasting project of water flooding and chemical flooding is designed and made, which forecasts and analyzes the production performance indication. Different injected opportunity and different development priorities are comprehensively compared and analyzed, which are reasonably economic assessed. Finally, the optimum beneficial project is optimized. The optimum project is that Class II and III reservoir are exploited simultaneous by tertiary recovery, when the block water ratio comes to ninety percent.
研究区目的层萨Ⅱ10～萨Ⅲ10层段地质储量约为369.56×10~4吨。由于这部分油层物性条件差,使得二类、三类油层在开采过程中受到了一定的限制,增加了难度,需要采取与主力油层不同的层系组合方式和不同的开发方案来进行开采。所以二类、三类油层开发次序如何组合才能使油田取得最大的效益是一个亟需研究解决的问题。因此开展适合二类油层和三类油层合理开发次序的高效开采方法研究,提高二类、三类油层最终采收率,为大庆油田二类、三类油层的开发提供技术储备,对油田生产方案的制定具有一定的指导意义。
本文通过对研究区块的实际调查和研究,利用建模软件建立了精细油藏地质模型,对研究区的地质特征状况进行了精细描述。采用油藏数值模拟的方法对研究区的实际开发状况进行了水驱历史拟合,达到了较高的符合率,满足了精度的要求。设计并制定了水驱和化学驱两套四组共12个研究预测方案,对研究区的生产动态指标进行了预测和分析。并对相同注入时机不同开发次序,不同注入时机相同开发次序和不同注入时机不同开发次序之间进行了综合对比分析和合理的经济评价,最终优选出了效益最佳的合理开发次序方案,即在区块含水率为90%时对二类、三类油层同时进行三次采油的开采方案为最佳方案。此方案的累积产油量为75.12万吨,最终采收率可达到55.82%,比水驱方案提高11.02个百分点。
The major reservoir is the main development and study object in oil-field exploitation process before now. But along with the increase of exploitation degree, the exploitation potential of major reservoir has reduced gradually. While the study and development of the Class II and III reservoir, the physical property of which is poorer compared with the major reservoir, has more and more attracted the attention and high opinion of oil field.
The reserve of Class II and III reservoirs of subject reservoir in studies area is about 3.6956 million tons. The physical property of these reservoirs is poor relatively. So the exploitation of Class II and III reservoirs is limited in part. The exploitation difficulty of Class II and III reservoirs increases also. So it is need to exploit oil field with the combination method of series of strata different from the method of the major reservoir exploitation. Therefore it is urgent need to be resolved that how to make the largest benefit for oil field with the combination method of series of strata. The proper development priorities research of effective exploitation method fit for Class II and III reservoir, enhancing ultimate oil recovery, supplying technical equipment for the Daqing oil field have very important practical instructional signification for the sustainable development of oil field.
The fine oil geological model is set up with the modeling software by the research of studied area. The geological character status is described accurately. Development status of studied area is simulated with the method of water flooding history matching, which achieves the higher degree of conformity and satisfies the precision request. The twelve research forecasting project of water flooding and chemical flooding is designed and made, which forecasts and analyzes the production performance indication. Different injected opportunity and different development priorities are comprehensively compared and analyzed, which are reasonably economic assessed. Finally, the optimum beneficial project is optimized. The optimum project is that Class II and III reservoir are exploited simultaneous by tertiary recovery, when the block water ratio comes to ninety percent.
引文
[1]宋考平,宋洪才,吴文祥.油藏数值模拟理论基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.
[2]韩大匡,等.油藏数值模拟基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993.
[3]陈月明.油藏数值模拟基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992.
[4]宋付权译.油藏模拟的过去、现状和未来[J].国外油田工程,2001,17(1):40-43.
[5]潘举玲,黄尚军,祝杨,等.油藏数值模拟发展现状及发展趋势[J].油气地质采收率.2002,9(4):69-71.
[6]蒋廷学,杨艳丽.油藏数值模拟技术发展综述[J].河南石油,5(14),19-21.
[7]吴胜和.储层建模[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999:61-83.
[8]陈国良.并行计算[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.
[9]杨耀忠,韩子辰,周维四,等.多层二维二相油藏数值模拟并行技术研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2001,8(6):52-54.
[10]陈兆芳,张建荣等.油藏数值模拟自动历史拟合方法研究及应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,(304):82-84.
[11]李福垲,由军,陈立生.地质模型网格粗化技术[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(3):76-79.
[12]戴涛,岳光来,杨耀忠,等.多层拟三维油藏数值模拟研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2001,8(3),37-40.
[13]F.Durst,R.Haas,and B.U.Kaczmar,Flows of Dilute Hydrolyyzed Polyacrylamide Solutions in Porous Media under Varoius Solvent Conditions[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,Vol.26,1981,3125-3149.
[14]S.Chakrabarti,B.Seidl,J.Vorwerk andRO.Brunn,The Rheology of Hydroxy-Propylguar Solutions and its Influence on the Flow Through a Porous Medium and Turbulent TubeFlow,Respectively(Part1)[J],RheolActa,Vol.30,No2,1990,114-123.
[15]Zaitsev.M.Mikhailov.N.Effect of residual oil saturation on the flow through a porous medium in the neighborhood of an injection well.Fluid Dynamics,Jul2006,Vol.41Issue 4:568-573.
[16]Gerritsen.Margot G.,Durlofsky.Louis J.Modeling fluid flow in oil reservoirs.Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,2005,Vol 37 Issue 1:211-238.
[17]Ayodele.O.R.,Bentsen.R.G.Numerical simulation of interfacial coupling phenomena in two-phase flow through porous media,Computational Mechanics,Apr2004,Vol.33 Issue 5:389-405.
[18]FERtl,Walter H.Determination of residual oil saturation from geophysical well-logs in tertiary recovery projects,Energy Sources,1979,Vol.4 Issue 3:259.
[19]Peaceman D W.Fundamentals of numerical reservoir simulation,Developments in Petroleum Science[M].Amsterdam-Oxford-New York:Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company,1977:35-67.
[20]Coats K H,Thoms L K.Compositional and Black Oil Reservoir Simulation[C].SPE 29111,1995:1-12.
[21]Bhuyan D.Development of Compositional Reservoir Simulator[D].Dissertation,UT at Austin,1989.228-231.
[22]段天向,刘晓梅,张亚军,等.Petrel建模中的几点认识,岩性油气藏,2007,19(2),102-107.
[23]张旺青,刘阳平,程超,等.储层相控随机建模研究,断块油气田,2008,15(5),44-46.
[24]罗玉,翟中霞,孟庆友,等.利用Petrel软件进行精细地质建模研究,太原科技,2008,10(3),60-63.
[25]卢祥国,高振环,陈静惠,宋付权.聚合物驱油过程中聚合物滞留及残余油分布的数值模拟研究.油田化学,1994,11(3):230-233.
[26]夏惠芬,王德民.刘义坤,等.聚合物溶液的粘弹性对驱油效率的影响[J].大庆石油学院学报,2002,26(2),109-111。
[27]王德民.王德民院士报告论文集.第1版.北京:石油工业出版社,22(4):60-65.
[28]王德民.大庆油田“两三结合”的试验情况及扩大实施建议.大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(1).
[29]鲜成钢,郎兆新,程浩.三元复合驱数学模型及其应用[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(2),61-63.
[30]李玉蓉,陈光海,胡兴中.国际石油勘探开发项目经济评价指标体系与综合评价[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(5),383-387.
[31]王立群,王明军译.石油开发项目的经济评价和风险,国外油田工程,2004,20(4),28-32.
[32]刘佃忠,岳华,张中华,等.油气田开发经济评价方法,江汉石油学院学报(社科版),2002,4(2),25-26.
[2]韩大匡,等.油藏数值模拟基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993.
[3]陈月明.油藏数值模拟基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992.
[4]宋付权译.油藏模拟的过去、现状和未来[J].国外油田工程,2001,17(1):40-43.
[5]潘举玲,黄尚军,祝杨,等.油藏数值模拟发展现状及发展趋势[J].油气地质采收率.2002,9(4):69-71.
[6]蒋廷学,杨艳丽.油藏数值模拟技术发展综述[J].河南石油,5(14),19-21.
[7]吴胜和.储层建模[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999:61-83.
[8]陈国良.并行计算[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.
[9]杨耀忠,韩子辰,周维四,等.多层二维二相油藏数值模拟并行技术研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2001,8(6):52-54.
[10]陈兆芳,张建荣等.油藏数值模拟自动历史拟合方法研究及应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,(304):82-84.
[11]李福垲,由军,陈立生.地质模型网格粗化技术[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(3):76-79.
[12]戴涛,岳光来,杨耀忠,等.多层拟三维油藏数值模拟研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2001,8(3),37-40.
[13]F.Durst,R.Haas,and B.U.Kaczmar,Flows of Dilute Hydrolyyzed Polyacrylamide Solutions in Porous Media under Varoius Solvent Conditions[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,Vol.26,1981,3125-3149.
[14]S.Chakrabarti,B.Seidl,J.Vorwerk andRO.Brunn,The Rheology of Hydroxy-Propylguar Solutions and its Influence on the Flow Through a Porous Medium and Turbulent TubeFlow,Respectively(Part1)[J],RheolActa,Vol.30,No2,1990,114-123.
[15]Zaitsev.M.Mikhailov.N.Effect of residual oil saturation on the flow through a porous medium in the neighborhood of an injection well.Fluid Dynamics,Jul2006,Vol.41Issue 4:568-573.
[16]Gerritsen.Margot G.,Durlofsky.Louis J.Modeling fluid flow in oil reservoirs.Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,2005,Vol 37 Issue 1:211-238.
[17]Ayodele.O.R.,Bentsen.R.G.Numerical simulation of interfacial coupling phenomena in two-phase flow through porous media,Computational Mechanics,Apr2004,Vol.33 Issue 5:389-405.
[18]FERtl,Walter H.Determination of residual oil saturation from geophysical well-logs in tertiary recovery projects,Energy Sources,1979,Vol.4 Issue 3:259.
[19]Peaceman D W.Fundamentals of numerical reservoir simulation,Developments in Petroleum Science[M].Amsterdam-Oxford-New York:Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company,1977:35-67.
[20]Coats K H,Thoms L K.Compositional and Black Oil Reservoir Simulation[C].SPE 29111,1995:1-12.
[21]Bhuyan D.Development of Compositional Reservoir Simulator[D].Dissertation,UT at Austin,1989.228-231.
[22]段天向,刘晓梅,张亚军,等.Petrel建模中的几点认识,岩性油气藏,2007,19(2),102-107.
[23]张旺青,刘阳平,程超,等.储层相控随机建模研究,断块油气田,2008,15(5),44-46.
[24]罗玉,翟中霞,孟庆友,等.利用Petrel软件进行精细地质建模研究,太原科技,2008,10(3),60-63.
[25]卢祥国,高振环,陈静惠,宋付权.聚合物驱油过程中聚合物滞留及残余油分布的数值模拟研究.油田化学,1994,11(3):230-233.
[26]夏惠芬,王德民.刘义坤,等.聚合物溶液的粘弹性对驱油效率的影响[J].大庆石油学院学报,2002,26(2),109-111。
[27]王德民.王德民院士报告论文集.第1版.北京:石油工业出版社,22(4):60-65.
[28]王德民.大庆油田“两三结合”的试验情况及扩大实施建议.大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(1).
[29]鲜成钢,郎兆新,程浩.三元复合驱数学模型及其应用[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(2),61-63.
[30]李玉蓉,陈光海,胡兴中.国际石油勘探开发项目经济评价指标体系与综合评价[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(5),383-387.
[31]王立群,王明军译.石油开发项目的经济评价和风险,国外油田工程,2004,20(4),28-32.
[32]刘佃忠,岳华,张中华,等.油气田开发经济评价方法,江汉石油学院学报(社科版),2002,4(2),25-26.