沧州滨海区盐碱地整理模式研究
摘要
近年来，随着人口的增长，经济的发展，人地矛盾日益突出。解决这一矛盾，一方面要控制人口的数量，以减少食物总需求量；另一方面要增加食物总产出量，主要通过耕地数量增加和耕地质量提高两条途径。土地整理(一般指农用地开发和复垦)是涵盖这两个层次的社会活动，它既可增加可利用土地的数量，又能提高土地资源的利用率和产出率，确保经济、社会、环境三大效益良性循环。
我国盐碱土分布广泛，对盐碱土进行整理是增加耕地资源的重要手段，是土地整理的重要组成部分，对于确保粮食安全、提高土地资源利用率、保护和改善生态环境、推进农业和农村现代化、加强农业基础地位等方面具有重要意义。
本文在国内外大力倡导土地整理的背景下，在国家投资重点项目“孟村回族自治县辛店镇土地整理项目”经费支持下，纵观国内外土地整理理论与实践，综合了土地科学、经济学、生态学、地理学、地理信息科学等多学科知识，坚持理论联系实际原则，对沧州滨海区盐碱地整理进行了实例研究，详细探讨了滨海区盐碱地整理模式，并提出了建设性的建议。
第一部分为绪论，介绍了选题背景、研究意义、国内外研究现状，并在探讨目前所存在的问题及发展趋势的基础上点明了论文研究的内容和目标。
第二部分从滨海区盐碱地整理概念、整理模式、规划编制模式、工程设计模式等方面探讨了滨海区盐碱地整理模式。
第三部分以孟村回族自治县辛店镇土地整理项目为基础，对规划编制模式进行详细探讨。
第四部分对论文进行总结，指明了所取得的成果和不足，并对目前存在的问题提出了合理的建议。
本文研究结果对滨海区盐碱地整理具有实用价值，对其它土地整理项目具有参考价值。
本文主要创新点：
1．提出了滨海区盐碱地整理模式，并对其进行了系统研究；
2．针对筹资渠道和区域经济发展水平差异，探索出各自的最适模式。
More than at any time in the past, contradictions between demand and supply of cultivated lands nowadays become greater. With fast growth of Population and economic, our demand of cultivated lands is becoming larger and larger, however, there are less and less cultivated lands. In order to solve this problem, on the one hand we should control the quantities of population to reduce the aggregate demand; on the other hand increase quantity of output through improving the amount or quality of cultivated land. Land assembly contains these two levels of activities. Which generally means exploitation and re-cultivation of agricultural land. It can increase the quantity of available land, meanwhile it can also improve utilization ratio and output rate of land resource, guarantee the benign cycle of economic, social and environmental benefits.
Saline-alkali soil is distributed widely in our country. Putting the saline-alkali soil in order means to increase cultivated land resource, which is one important part of land assembly. It can also guarantee safety of food supply, raise utilization ratio of land resource, protect and improve ecological environment, advance agricultural and rural modernization, strengthen fundamental positions of agriculture, etc.
This text, at the background of energetically advocate land assembly both at home and abroad, at support of government investment key item funds of "Land assembly project of Xindian town in Mengcun Hui Autonomous County", made a general survey of the domestic and international land assembly's theory and practice, synthesized multi-disciplinary knowledge, such as land science, economics, ecology, geography, geographical information science, etc, integrated theory with practice, put land assembly case study into salt and alkaline land of Cangzhou coastal area, explored at length in land assembly design and put forward constructive suggestions.
The introduction included the background, the meaning, the develop of the research. Based on the existent problem and development trend, the author point out the content and goal of the thesis.
In the second part, the author bring forward mode of land assembly in salt and
alkaline land area, it includes concept and mode of land assembly, mode of plan design and engineering design in the coastal area, etc.
In the following part, founded on project of "Land assembly project of Xindian town in Mengcun Hui Autonomous County ", the author explored the mode of design of the plan.
Finally summarized the thesis, pointed out the achievements and insufficiencies of the thesis, and put forward the reasonable suggestions to the questions that exist at present.
This result of the research had great value in salt and alkaline land assembly in coastal areas, it also had instructive value in others land assembly projects.
Innovative points of this paper:
1 .Brought forward the mode of land assembly in salt and alkaline land of coastal areas, studied at length in land assembly design and put forward constructive suggestions.
2.Explored the suitable mode according to difference approach of raising money
and develop level of economic in diverse regions.
我国盐碱土分布广泛，对盐碱土进行整理是增加耕地资源的重要手段，是土地整理的重要组成部分，对于确保粮食安全、提高土地资源利用率、保护和改善生态环境、推进农业和农村现代化、加强农业基础地位等方面具有重要意义。
本文在国内外大力倡导土地整理的背景下，在国家投资重点项目“孟村回族自治县辛店镇土地整理项目”经费支持下，纵观国内外土地整理理论与实践，综合了土地科学、经济学、生态学、地理学、地理信息科学等多学科知识，坚持理论联系实际原则，对沧州滨海区盐碱地整理进行了实例研究，详细探讨了滨海区盐碱地整理模式，并提出了建设性的建议。
第一部分为绪论，介绍了选题背景、研究意义、国内外研究现状，并在探讨目前所存在的问题及发展趋势的基础上点明了论文研究的内容和目标。
第二部分从滨海区盐碱地整理概念、整理模式、规划编制模式、工程设计模式等方面探讨了滨海区盐碱地整理模式。
第三部分以孟村回族自治县辛店镇土地整理项目为基础，对规划编制模式进行详细探讨。
第四部分对论文进行总结，指明了所取得的成果和不足，并对目前存在的问题提出了合理的建议。
本文研究结果对滨海区盐碱地整理具有实用价值，对其它土地整理项目具有参考价值。
本文主要创新点：
1．提出了滨海区盐碱地整理模式，并对其进行了系统研究；
2．针对筹资渠道和区域经济发展水平差异，探索出各自的最适模式。
More than at any time in the past, contradictions between demand and supply of cultivated lands nowadays become greater. With fast growth of Population and economic, our demand of cultivated lands is becoming larger and larger, however, there are less and less cultivated lands. In order to solve this problem, on the one hand we should control the quantities of population to reduce the aggregate demand; on the other hand increase quantity of output through improving the amount or quality of cultivated land. Land assembly contains these two levels of activities. Which generally means exploitation and re-cultivation of agricultural land. It can increase the quantity of available land, meanwhile it can also improve utilization ratio and output rate of land resource, guarantee the benign cycle of economic, social and environmental benefits.
Saline-alkali soil is distributed widely in our country. Putting the saline-alkali soil in order means to increase cultivated land resource, which is one important part of land assembly. It can also guarantee safety of food supply, raise utilization ratio of land resource, protect and improve ecological environment, advance agricultural and rural modernization, strengthen fundamental positions of agriculture, etc.
This text, at the background of energetically advocate land assembly both at home and abroad, at support of government investment key item funds of "Land assembly project of Xindian town in Mengcun Hui Autonomous County", made a general survey of the domestic and international land assembly's theory and practice, synthesized multi-disciplinary knowledge, such as land science, economics, ecology, geography, geographical information science, etc, integrated theory with practice, put land assembly case study into salt and alkaline land of Cangzhou coastal area, explored at length in land assembly design and put forward constructive suggestions.
The introduction included the background, the meaning, the develop of the research. Based on the existent problem and development trend, the author point out the content and goal of the thesis.
In the second part, the author bring forward mode of land assembly in salt and
alkaline land area, it includes concept and mode of land assembly, mode of plan design and engineering design in the coastal area, etc.
In the following part, founded on project of "Land assembly project of Xindian town in Mengcun Hui Autonomous County ", the author explored the mode of design of the plan.
Finally summarized the thesis, pointed out the achievements and insufficiencies of the thesis, and put forward the reasonable suggestions to the questions that exist at present.
This result of the research had great value in salt and alkaline land assembly in coastal areas, it also had instructive value in others land assembly projects.
Innovative points of this paper:
1 .Brought forward the mode of land assembly in salt and alkaline land of coastal areas, studied at length in land assembly design and put forward constructive suggestions.
2.Explored the suitable mode according to difference approach of raising money
and develop level of economic in diverse regions.
引文
[1]潘明才，高向军．国土资源部土地整理中心，土地管理基础知识[M]，北京：中国人事出版社，2003．11：21～22
[2]国土资源部财政司，国土资源部土地整理中心，土地开发整理项目预算编制指南[M]，北京：地质出版社，2002．10
[3]I．Szaboles(匈牙利)．盐渍土是个世界性的问题[A]．国际盐渍土改良学术讨论会论文集[C]．北京：北京农业大学出版社，1985
[4]孙文盛，在全国土地开发整理工作会议上的讲话，北京，2003．10
[5]韩荣青，农村土地整理决策信息系统构建及在平阴县的应用研究．山东师范大学硕士论文．2002，4：1
[6]高向军，土地开发整理理论与实践[M]，北京：地质出版社，2003．4：6～7
[7]肖明辉，吴相利．滨海区域资源开发与产业发展耦合研究—以山东省荣成市滨海地段为例[J]．哈尔滨学院学报．2002，(8)
[8]汪峰，吴次芳，农村土地整理与土地利用伦理研究．中国农村经济[J]．2000，10：58
[9]孙颖洲，齐邵崑，焦振华等，河北省综合农业区划．河北人民出版社[m]．1985，9：225
[10]李展，彭补拙，江苏省吴江市土地整理理论与实践研究．资源科学[J]．2000．5：71
[11]薛继斌，黄土丘陵井工采煤矿区土地整理模式探讨——以太原西山矿区九院村为例．山西农业大学硕士研究生毕业论文．2001，6：17
[12]国土资源部土地整理中心，土地开发整理项目管理[M]，北京：中国人事出版社，2003．12．95～97
[13]陈宝书，在盐碱地上如何种草．农村养殖技术．2002，11：30
[14]付梅臣，胡振琪，米静，土地整理和复垦工程费用结构分析及控制对策研究．农业工程学报[J]．2003，7，第19卷第4期：291
[15]杨瑞珍，毕于运，我国盐碱化耕地的防治．干旱区资源与环境．1996，9，第10卷，第三期：27
[16]张建锋，宋玉民，邢尚军等，盐碱地改良利用与造林技术．东北林业大学学报[J]．2002．11．第30卷第6期：128
[17]牛东玲，王启基，盐碱地治理研究进展．土壤通报[J]．2002．12：449
[18]刘凤菊，李利军，乌日根夫等，河套灌区盐碱地造林技术探讨．内蒙古林业调查设计[J]．2003，9．第26卷第3期：28
[19]陶雅琴，魏文龙，盐碱地造林技术浅析．西宁市林业论文专辑[J]．2002年增刊：27
[20]庞香蕊，尹秀英，通榆县土地盐碱化的成因机理及防治对策探讨．国土与自然资源研究[J]．2002，4：30
[21]王平，盐碱地杨树速生丰产林造林技术要点．垦殖与稻作[J]．2003．5：53
[22]冯忠江，常春平，褚英敏，低压管道输水灌溉技术在土地整理工程中的应用．水土保持研究[J]．2003，12，第10卷第4期：204
[23]高春祥，枣粮间作模式及效益分析．河北林业科技[J]．1994，12，第四期：35
[24]徐雪林，许建斌．首批国家土地开发整理示范区实践的几点经验与启示．土地整理与复垦．2002，(5)：12
[25]肖贺，邵康仕，对宁波市北仑区土地整理有关问题的思考．浙江水利科技[J]．2003．3：68
[26]李展，彭补拙，江苏省吴江市土地整理理论与实践研究．资源科学[J]．2000．5：71
[2]国土资源部财政司，国土资源部土地整理中心，土地开发整理项目预算编制指南[M]，北京：地质出版社，2002．10
[3]I．Szaboles(匈牙利)．盐渍土是个世界性的问题[A]．国际盐渍土改良学术讨论会论文集[C]．北京：北京农业大学出版社，1985
[4]孙文盛，在全国土地开发整理工作会议上的讲话，北京，2003．10
[5]韩荣青，农村土地整理决策信息系统构建及在平阴县的应用研究．山东师范大学硕士论文．2002，4：1
[6]高向军，土地开发整理理论与实践[M]，北京：地质出版社，2003．4：6～7
[7]肖明辉，吴相利．滨海区域资源开发与产业发展耦合研究—以山东省荣成市滨海地段为例[J]．哈尔滨学院学报．2002，(8)
[8]汪峰，吴次芳，农村土地整理与土地利用伦理研究．中国农村经济[J]．2000，10：58
[9]孙颖洲，齐邵崑，焦振华等，河北省综合农业区划．河北人民出版社[m]．1985，9：225
[10]李展，彭补拙，江苏省吴江市土地整理理论与实践研究．资源科学[J]．2000．5：71
[11]薛继斌，黄土丘陵井工采煤矿区土地整理模式探讨——以太原西山矿区九院村为例．山西农业大学硕士研究生毕业论文．2001，6：17
[12]国土资源部土地整理中心，土地开发整理项目管理[M]，北京：中国人事出版社，2003．12．95～97
[13]陈宝书，在盐碱地上如何种草．农村养殖技术．2002，11：30
[14]付梅臣，胡振琪，米静，土地整理和复垦工程费用结构分析及控制对策研究．农业工程学报[J]．2003，7，第19卷第4期：291
[15]杨瑞珍，毕于运，我国盐碱化耕地的防治．干旱区资源与环境．1996，9，第10卷，第三期：27
[16]张建锋，宋玉民，邢尚军等，盐碱地改良利用与造林技术．东北林业大学学报[J]．2002．11．第30卷第6期：128
[17]牛东玲，王启基，盐碱地治理研究进展．土壤通报[J]．2002．12：449
[18]刘凤菊，李利军，乌日根夫等，河套灌区盐碱地造林技术探讨．内蒙古林业调查设计[J]．2003，9．第26卷第3期：28
[19]陶雅琴，魏文龙，盐碱地造林技术浅析．西宁市林业论文专辑[J]．2002年增刊：27
[20]庞香蕊，尹秀英，通榆县土地盐碱化的成因机理及防治对策探讨．国土与自然资源研究[J]．2002，4：30
[21]王平，盐碱地杨树速生丰产林造林技术要点．垦殖与稻作[J]．2003．5：53
[22]冯忠江，常春平，褚英敏，低压管道输水灌溉技术在土地整理工程中的应用．水土保持研究[J]．2003，12，第10卷第4期：204
[23]高春祥，枣粮间作模式及效益分析．河北林业科技[J]．1994，12，第四期：35
[24]徐雪林，许建斌．首批国家土地开发整理示范区实践的几点经验与启示．土地整理与复垦．2002，(5)：12
[25]肖贺，邵康仕，对宁波市北仑区土地整理有关问题的思考．浙江水利科技[J]．2003．3：68
[26]李展，彭补拙，江苏省吴江市土地整理理论与实践研究．资源科学[J]．2000．5：71