马尾藻提制物对食用菌营养及生殖生长的影响
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摘要
马尾藻是一种大型速生海藻,.我国有丰富的马尾藻资源。食用菌是我国重点发展的农业产业之一。本研究以马尾藻提取液活性物质为基础经复配制备出复合制剂,并观察了其对部分食用菌营养生长及生殖生长的影响。
实验首先对马尾藻提取液的活性物质进行测定。采用HPLC法测定提取液中天然的植物激素；采用分光光度法测定了多糖的含量；TLC法测定寡糖的种类。结果表明：马尾藻提取液中含有赤霉素、萘乙酸、吲哚乙酸三种激素,浓度分别为0.68mg/mL、1.21×10-4mg/mL,而吲哚乙酸微量；提取液中多糖浓度9.665mg/mL;提取液中检测出木糖,鼠李糖和葡萄糖等。
本文还研究了马尾藻提取液对部分食用菌菌丝进行营养生长影响研究。发现适宜浓度对菌丝生长具有促进作用。PDA培养基中加入稀释800倍的马尾藻提取液能提高亚光1号、刺芹侧耳、茶树菇、毛木耳、羊肚菌；而西德99、白灵侧耳、金顶侧耳、鲍鱼侧耳、茯苓菌丝在稀释1200倍的马尾藻-PDA培养基生长速度也有显著提高。
使用5mg/mL维生素B1、0.1%KH2PO4、0.1%MgSO4对马尾藻提取液进行复配,得到马尾藻复合制剂,然后进行食用菌的产量影响研究。结果表明：马尾藻提取液制备的复合制剂能起到增产作用,对供试品种增产达10%以上。且对食用菌的农学性状没有影响。
实验还对子实体多糖的含量进行了测定。结果表明,使用马尾藻复合制剂的子实体其多糖含量得到了提高,子实体品质得到了改善。
本研究表明,由马尾藻为原料研制的食用菌液体肥能促进食用菌生长、提高产量,不引起农学性状的改变,具有推广价值。
China abounds in Sargassum, which is a kind of large fast-growing seaweed.The edible fungi industry is one of the development priorities of agricultural industry in our country. This research developed a new kind of compound preparation for edible fungi, with Sargassum active material as the main component. And this paper did research in effect of the preparation on macelial growth and reproductive growth of edible fungi.
Active material was distilled from Sargassum for determination, whose plant hormone was determined by HPLC; content of amylose by spectrophotometric method; the category of oligosaccharide by TLC. The results showed there were GA3(0.68mg/mL),α-NAA(1.21×10-4mg/mL) and IAA(trace) in the distilled liquid. Besides, xylose anhydrous, rhamnose, glucose and the like were also found.
The effect of the distilled liquid from Sargassum on mycelium of edible fungi was also studied. The result showed that the liquid at optimal concentration promoted the growth of mycelium.The PDA substrate with the addition of the distilled liquid diluted 800 times improved the growth rate of macelium such as Yaguang 1, Pleurotus eryngii, Agrocybe cylindracea, Auricularia polytricha, Morchella esculenta; The growth rate of macelium of Xide99, Pleurotus nebrodensis, Pleurotus citrinpileatus, Pleurotus abalonus, and Wofiporia cocos in substrate made of distilled liuid of sargassum diluted by 1200 times increased significantly as well.
The 5mg/mL VB1、0.1% KH2PO4 and 0.1% MgSO4 were used to duplicate new matches for the compound preparation. The results showed that the compound preparation increased the net weight of fruit body.by 10% and there was no signal of change in agronomic parameters or occurance of abnormal mushroom.
This paper also determined the content of polysaccharide in fruit body. The result showed the content of polysaccharide in fruit body increased remarkably and the quality of fruit body was greatly improved with the use of addition.
It can be inferred from the research that the liquid fertilizer for edible fungi made from distilled liquid form Sargassum enhanced the gorwth rate of mycelium and its yield, without changes in agronomic parameters found. Thus, this new kind of fertilizer is of great value for popularizing.
实验首先对马尾藻提取液的活性物质进行测定。采用HPLC法测定提取液中天然的植物激素；采用分光光度法测定了多糖的含量；TLC法测定寡糖的种类。结果表明：马尾藻提取液中含有赤霉素、萘乙酸、吲哚乙酸三种激素,浓度分别为0.68mg/mL、1.21×10-4mg/mL,而吲哚乙酸微量；提取液中多糖浓度9.665mg/mL;提取液中检测出木糖,鼠李糖和葡萄糖等。
本文还研究了马尾藻提取液对部分食用菌菌丝进行营养生长影响研究。发现适宜浓度对菌丝生长具有促进作用。PDA培养基中加入稀释800倍的马尾藻提取液能提高亚光1号、刺芹侧耳、茶树菇、毛木耳、羊肚菌；而西德99、白灵侧耳、金顶侧耳、鲍鱼侧耳、茯苓菌丝在稀释1200倍的马尾藻-PDA培养基生长速度也有显著提高。
使用5mg/mL维生素B1、0.1%KH2PO4、0.1%MgSO4对马尾藻提取液进行复配,得到马尾藻复合制剂,然后进行食用菌的产量影响研究。结果表明：马尾藻提取液制备的复合制剂能起到增产作用,对供试品种增产达10%以上。且对食用菌的农学性状没有影响。
实验还对子实体多糖的含量进行了测定。结果表明,使用马尾藻复合制剂的子实体其多糖含量得到了提高,子实体品质得到了改善。
本研究表明,由马尾藻为原料研制的食用菌液体肥能促进食用菌生长、提高产量,不引起农学性状的改变,具有推广价值。
China abounds in Sargassum, which is a kind of large fast-growing seaweed.The edible fungi industry is one of the development priorities of agricultural industry in our country. This research developed a new kind of compound preparation for edible fungi, with Sargassum active material as the main component. And this paper did research in effect of the preparation on macelial growth and reproductive growth of edible fungi.
Active material was distilled from Sargassum for determination, whose plant hormone was determined by HPLC; content of amylose by spectrophotometric method; the category of oligosaccharide by TLC. The results showed there were GA3(0.68mg/mL),α-NAA(1.21×10-4mg/mL) and IAA(trace) in the distilled liquid. Besides, xylose anhydrous, rhamnose, glucose and the like were also found.
The effect of the distilled liquid from Sargassum on mycelium of edible fungi was also studied. The result showed that the liquid at optimal concentration promoted the growth of mycelium.The PDA substrate with the addition of the distilled liquid diluted 800 times improved the growth rate of macelium such as Yaguang 1, Pleurotus eryngii, Agrocybe cylindracea, Auricularia polytricha, Morchella esculenta; The growth rate of macelium of Xide99, Pleurotus nebrodensis, Pleurotus citrinpileatus, Pleurotus abalonus, and Wofiporia cocos in substrate made of distilled liuid of sargassum diluted by 1200 times increased significantly as well.
The 5mg/mL VB1、0.1% KH2PO4 and 0.1% MgSO4 were used to duplicate new matches for the compound preparation. The results showed that the compound preparation increased the net weight of fruit body.by 10% and there was no signal of change in agronomic parameters or occurance of abnormal mushroom.
This paper also determined the content of polysaccharide in fruit body. The result showed the content of polysaccharide in fruit body increased remarkably and the quality of fruit body was greatly improved with the use of addition.
It can be inferred from the research that the liquid fertilizer for edible fungi made from distilled liquid form Sargassum enhanced the gorwth rate of mycelium and its yield, without changes in agronomic parameters found. Thus, this new kind of fertilizer is of great value for popularizing.
引文
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