企业知识管理的实现方式及能力评价研究
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摘要
作为一种新型的管理模式,知识管理伴随着知识经济进入我国已经有一段较长的时期。然而,知识管理在我国企业中并没有取得预期的成效,既没有被广泛的接受认可,又没有被较好地实施。其根本原因在于对知识管理缺乏深刻的理解。只是把知识作为知识管理的研究对象,而忽视了与知识密切相关的知识环境因素在其中发挥的重要作用。因此,本论文将从知识环境的组织因素和技术因素两个方面建设出发,把知识管理的对象从知识本身拓展到知识环境,探索我国企业实施知识管理的新的方法和途径。
本文共分为六个部分:引言、企业知识管理的系统分析、知识环境建设、知识流程再造、知识审计以及主要结论和前景展望。
在第一部分中,本文主要运用文献分析法,对企业知识管理的研究背景和研究现状进行归纳、总结和评价,探讨了当前制约知识管理理论发展的一些主要问题,并在此基础上提出了论文的研究思路与研究方法以及论文的主要创新点。在第二部分中,本文通过对战略背景和业务流程中的知识管理进行分析,重新描述了企业知识管理的内涵,并且对知识管理进行系统分析,提出“环境—流程—能力”的知识管理系统分析框架。在第三部分中,本文进一步明确知识环境建设是知识管理实现前提的问题。首先从知识环境的定义和构成方面,对知识环境进行解析,然后构建了企业知识环境的理论框架,最后探讨了知识环境因素与业务流程的集成。在第四部分中,本文把知识流程再造作为知识管理实现的主线。在对业务流程中的知识管理特点和知识流进行分析的基础上,提出知识流程再造的方案,同时指出,知识流程的动力来源于知识活动系统。在第五部分中,本文主要从内涵、对象、流程、审计方法与知识管理的关系作用等方面对知识审计的方法进行了阐释,以知识审计的方法为基础,设计了企业知识管理能力评价指标体系,运用模糊综合评价法构建了定量的评价模型,并结合惠普(HP)公司的知识管理实践,定性和定量地评价了知识管理实施的能力,验证了基于知识环境的企业知识管理实施模式。
最后,通过本文的研究工作,我们可以得到这样的结论:企业知识管理的研究对象除知识本身之外,还有与知识密切地相关的知识环境,知识环境在知识管理实施中的作用是通过知识活动系统来实现的,知识审计是企业知识管理能力评价的一种有效的方法。
As a new management mode, knowledge management (KM) has been in China with the coming of knowledge economy for a long time. However, KM didn't gain the anticipative effect, the abroad receiving and the well implementing in the enterprises of China. The ultimate reason is profound short of comprehension for KM. They simply consider knowledge as the research object of KM, but neglect the important role of knowledge environment factors related with knowledge. So, this dissertation will extend the object of KM from knowledge to knowledge environment factors and explore the new method and approach for China enterprise to implement KM from the two aspects of knowledge environment factors, namely, organizational factor and technical factor.
This dissertation totally includes six parts: introduction, systematic analysis on knowledge management, construction of knowledge environment, knowledge process reengineering, knowledge audit, main results and foreground expectation.
In first part, this dissertation sums up and evaluates the background and the status quo of enterprise KM by utilizing the literature analytical method, discusses some problems which restrict the development of KM theory currently, and put forwards the thought and method of the dissertation and main innovation point on the basis of this. In second part, this dissertation redescribes the definition of KM by analyzing KM in strategic background and business process, and put forwards the systematic analyzing framework of KM based on "environment-process-capability". In third part, this dissertation further ensure precondition which construction of knowledge environment is implementation of KM. Firstly, this dissertation resolves the knowledge environment from the definition and composing of knowledge environment. Secondly, this dissertation constructs the theoretic framework of enterprise knowledge environment. Lastly, this dissertation discusses the integration of knowledge environment factors and business process. In fourth part, this dissertation considers the knowledge process reengineering as the main thread of implementing KM. On the basis of analysis on characteristics of KM and knowledge flow in business process, this dissertation put forwards the blueprint of knowledge process reengineering, and simultaneity points out that the power of knowledge process roots in knowledge activities system. In fifth part, this dissertation explains the method of knowledge audit from the following parts, such as definition, objects, process and relationships with KM, designs the evaluating index system of enterprise KM capability based on the method of knowledge audit, constructs the quantitative evaluating model by utilizing fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and evaluates the capability of empirical and quantitative evaluation and validates the implementing model of enterprise KM based on knowledge environment by combining KM practice of HP company.
In the end part, we can draw the conclusion by the upper research work: the research objects of enterprise KM include not only knowledge itself, but also the knowledge environment nearly related to knowledge; the role of knowledge environment in implementing KM comes true by knowledge activities system; and knowledge audit is the effective method of evaluating the capability of enterprise KM.
本文共分为六个部分:引言、企业知识管理的系统分析、知识环境建设、知识流程再造、知识审计以及主要结论和前景展望。
在第一部分中,本文主要运用文献分析法,对企业知识管理的研究背景和研究现状进行归纳、总结和评价,探讨了当前制约知识管理理论发展的一些主要问题,并在此基础上提出了论文的研究思路与研究方法以及论文的主要创新点。在第二部分中,本文通过对战略背景和业务流程中的知识管理进行分析,重新描述了企业知识管理的内涵,并且对知识管理进行系统分析,提出“环境—流程—能力”的知识管理系统分析框架。在第三部分中,本文进一步明确知识环境建设是知识管理实现前提的问题。首先从知识环境的定义和构成方面,对知识环境进行解析,然后构建了企业知识环境的理论框架,最后探讨了知识环境因素与业务流程的集成。在第四部分中,本文把知识流程再造作为知识管理实现的主线。在对业务流程中的知识管理特点和知识流进行分析的基础上,提出知识流程再造的方案,同时指出,知识流程的动力来源于知识活动系统。在第五部分中,本文主要从内涵、对象、流程、审计方法与知识管理的关系作用等方面对知识审计的方法进行了阐释,以知识审计的方法为基础,设计了企业知识管理能力评价指标体系,运用模糊综合评价法构建了定量的评价模型,并结合惠普(HP)公司的知识管理实践,定性和定量地评价了知识管理实施的能力,验证了基于知识环境的企业知识管理实施模式。
最后,通过本文的研究工作,我们可以得到这样的结论:企业知识管理的研究对象除知识本身之外,还有与知识密切地相关的知识环境,知识环境在知识管理实施中的作用是通过知识活动系统来实现的,知识审计是企业知识管理能力评价的一种有效的方法。
As a new management mode, knowledge management (KM) has been in China with the coming of knowledge economy for a long time. However, KM didn't gain the anticipative effect, the abroad receiving and the well implementing in the enterprises of China. The ultimate reason is profound short of comprehension for KM. They simply consider knowledge as the research object of KM, but neglect the important role of knowledge environment factors related with knowledge. So, this dissertation will extend the object of KM from knowledge to knowledge environment factors and explore the new method and approach for China enterprise to implement KM from the two aspects of knowledge environment factors, namely, organizational factor and technical factor.
This dissertation totally includes six parts: introduction, systematic analysis on knowledge management, construction of knowledge environment, knowledge process reengineering, knowledge audit, main results and foreground expectation.
In first part, this dissertation sums up and evaluates the background and the status quo of enterprise KM by utilizing the literature analytical method, discusses some problems which restrict the development of KM theory currently, and put forwards the thought and method of the dissertation and main innovation point on the basis of this. In second part, this dissertation redescribes the definition of KM by analyzing KM in strategic background and business process, and put forwards the systematic analyzing framework of KM based on "environment-process-capability". In third part, this dissertation further ensure precondition which construction of knowledge environment is implementation of KM. Firstly, this dissertation resolves the knowledge environment from the definition and composing of knowledge environment. Secondly, this dissertation constructs the theoretic framework of enterprise knowledge environment. Lastly, this dissertation discusses the integration of knowledge environment factors and business process. In fourth part, this dissertation considers the knowledge process reengineering as the main thread of implementing KM. On the basis of analysis on characteristics of KM and knowledge flow in business process, this dissertation put forwards the blueprint of knowledge process reengineering, and simultaneity points out that the power of knowledge process roots in knowledge activities system. In fifth part, this dissertation explains the method of knowledge audit from the following parts, such as definition, objects, process and relationships with KM, designs the evaluating index system of enterprise KM capability based on the method of knowledge audit, constructs the quantitative evaluating model by utilizing fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and evaluates the capability of empirical and quantitative evaluation and validates the implementing model of enterprise KM based on knowledge environment by combining KM practice of HP company.
In the end part, we can draw the conclusion by the upper research work: the research objects of enterprise KM include not only knowledge itself, but also the knowledge environment nearly related to knowledge; the role of knowledge environment in implementing KM comes true by knowledge activities system; and knowledge audit is the effective method of evaluating the capability of enterprise KM.
引文
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