基于轧辊横移和弯曲技术改善带钢边缘降的研究
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摘要
随着工业生产的不断发展,用户对板带材几何形状的要求越来越高。为了轧出质量良好的板材,许多钢铁企业及研究机构开发了轧辊交叉、倾辊、弯辊、分段冷却等各种板形控制技术来提高板形质量。但是,对边缘降控制技术的研究正处于起步阶段,是板形控制的薄弱环节。边缘降现象的普遍存在从很大程度上降低了板带的成材率。因此,对板带轧制过程中的边缘降现象研究并进行改善是非常必要的,这些研究对提高板带成材率和板形都具有重要的理论价值和实际意义。
首先介绍了轧件边缘降的几何描述,然后从轧辊的弹性压扁、工作辊的有害弯矩及金属的横向流动等几个方面对边缘降的形成机理进行了深入的分析。同时介绍了三种常见的改善带钢边缘降的技术:工作辊横移技术、工作辊弯辊技术及辊型优化技术。[0]
其次,综合考虑轧辊的弹性变形和轧件的弹塑性变形,基于大型商业软件MARC平台,建立了模拟轧件边缘降的弹塑性有限元仿真系统。该仿真系统将轧辊视为弹性体,轧件视为弹塑性体,分别构造了普通四辊轧机和工作辊横移轧机的有限元三维仿真实体。
最后分析了锥形工作辊横移与弯辊对辊系变形、带钢金属的横向流动及工作辊与带钢的接触压扁变形的影响,进而分析得出对带钢边缘降现象的改善情况,为实际生产提供理论指导。
With the development of industry production, corporation and consumer put a more and more precise demand on the geometry shape of strip. To rolled out high quality sheet, people developed cross-roller, sub-coolin, dumping roll, bending roll, and other shape control technologies to improve the quality of shape. But it takes only the first step in investigating of the edge drop, which reduces the percent of pass. So it is necessary to improve the edge drop of cold rolled sheet. So, the research of this paper is very important to enhance the use rate of cold rolled sheet and control shape of cold rolled sheet.
Firstly,introduced the edge drop description of the strip, and then analysed the causes of the edge drop of strip from these aspects: flatten deformation of the roller, bend of the roller, later flow of the strip, and so on. And then introduced three ways to improve edge drop of shrip: the work roll shift ,the bend of work roll and the single taper.
Secondly,used finite element analysis software MARC to constructs 3-D FEM simulation solid. In the model, the elastic deformation of work roll,the elastic- plastic deformation of the strip are taken into account.
Last of all,used finite element analysis software MARC do some simulation about the work roll shift ,the bend of work roll and the single taper, and study the effect of those ways to the bend deformation and flatten of the system of rollers and the later flow of the strip. Lastly, analyzed the effect of those ways to the edge drop, which afford theory supervise for practice.
首先介绍了轧件边缘降的几何描述,然后从轧辊的弹性压扁、工作辊的有害弯矩及金属的横向流动等几个方面对边缘降的形成机理进行了深入的分析。同时介绍了三种常见的改善带钢边缘降的技术:工作辊横移技术、工作辊弯辊技术及辊型优化技术。[0]
其次,综合考虑轧辊的弹性变形和轧件的弹塑性变形,基于大型商业软件MARC平台,建立了模拟轧件边缘降的弹塑性有限元仿真系统。该仿真系统将轧辊视为弹性体,轧件视为弹塑性体,分别构造了普通四辊轧机和工作辊横移轧机的有限元三维仿真实体。
最后分析了锥形工作辊横移与弯辊对辊系变形、带钢金属的横向流动及工作辊与带钢的接触压扁变形的影响,进而分析得出对带钢边缘降现象的改善情况,为实际生产提供理论指导。
With the development of industry production, corporation and consumer put a more and more precise demand on the geometry shape of strip. To rolled out high quality sheet, people developed cross-roller, sub-coolin, dumping roll, bending roll, and other shape control technologies to improve the quality of shape. But it takes only the first step in investigating of the edge drop, which reduces the percent of pass. So it is necessary to improve the edge drop of cold rolled sheet. So, the research of this paper is very important to enhance the use rate of cold rolled sheet and control shape of cold rolled sheet.
Firstly,introduced the edge drop description of the strip, and then analysed the causes of the edge drop of strip from these aspects: flatten deformation of the roller, bend of the roller, later flow of the strip, and so on. And then introduced three ways to improve edge drop of shrip: the work roll shift ,the bend of work roll and the single taper.
Secondly,used finite element analysis software MARC to constructs 3-D FEM simulation solid. In the model, the elastic deformation of work roll,the elastic- plastic deformation of the strip are taken into account.
Last of all,used finite element analysis software MARC do some simulation about the work roll shift ,the bend of work roll and the single taper, and study the effect of those ways to the bend deformation and flatten of the system of rollers and the later flow of the strip. Lastly, analyzed the effect of those ways to the edge drop, which afford theory supervise for practice.
引文
1王国栋.板形控制和板形理论[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1986:11-15
2吴海淼.冷轧薄板边缘降现象的分析研究[D].[燕山大学工学硕士学位论文].2007
3 Hartung,New Way to Reduce the Edge Drop.Steel Research[J],1998,69(4):143-147
4张清东.宽带钢轧机板形控制技术比较研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2000,2:22-25
5黄贞益,李胜祗.板形控制技术探讨[J].安徽工业大学学报,2002,4:3-6
6 Guillerauit.Lescage Smulttcylindres[J].Revuede Metalurgie,1998,85(2):141-152
7 Kamada,Shunji.Edge Profile Control Using Pair Cross Mill Cold Rolling[J].Iron and Steel Engineer,1996,6:20-26
8张凤泉,康永林.提高森吉米尔轧机横向厚度精度控制的研究[J].轧钢, 2003,20(6):19-21
9 Kimura,Tomoadi.Hot Strip Mill Capability Enhanced by PC-MILL Technology[J]. Hitachi Review,1990,39(8):189-194
10 Takenide Senuma,Masayoshi Suehiro. Mathematical Models for Predicting Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Hot Strips[J].ISIJ International, 1992:423-432
11钱爱文,邸洪双.UC轧机中间辊横移对轧件板形影响的统计分析[J].钢铁研究,2003, 31(3):35-37
12杨凯旋.UC轧机的优质板形控制技术特性[J].南方钢铁,1996,(5):13-16
13 Kajiw.,T沈华枢.UC轧机及轧辊串移技术[J].国外钢铁,1992,(2)59-63
14 R.Finck,K.Grimm.Developments in Cold Rolling Mills for Aluminium and Steel[J]. Metallur Gical Plant and Technology International,2000,23(8):40-51
15 Klaus Grimm.Tandem Cold Rolling Mill for Thyssen Krupp Stahl AG Duisburg Beeckerwerth[J].Cold Rolling Symposium at SMS Demag Aktiengesellschaft,2000: 18-22
16周小敏,张清东,吴平.板带材的边缘降控制技术综述[J].上海冶金,2007,1:21-24
17许健勇.薄板冷轧厚度与板形高精度控制技术[J].钢铁,2002,1:73-77
18 Song G-H.Development of Numerical Formula for Edge Drop Control of Cold Rolled Sheet by Simulation[J].South East Asia Iron and Steel Institute,SEAISI 1997 Korea Conference on "Flat Product Technology" Proceedings,Volume 2 (Malaysia),1997(5): 14-19
19彭艳.基于条元法的HC冷轧机板形预设定控制理论研究及工业应用[D]. [燕山大学工学博士学位论文].2000
20 Annika Nilsson. FE Simulation of Camber in Hot Strip Rolling[J].Journal of Material Processing Technology,1998,(8):12-16
21 O.C.齐基威茨.Y.K著.结构和连续力学中的有限单元法[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1995:26-80
22刘立忠,刘相华,姜正义.利用显式动力学有限元法模拟平板轧制过程[J].塑性工程学报,2001,8(l):20-25
23时旭,刘相华.四辊冷轧机轧辊弯曲和压扁变形的有限元分析[J].东北大学学报, 2004,25(10):957-960
24熊尚武,刘相华.板坯稳态立轧时的三维刚塑性有限元模拟[J].钢铁研究学报,1998, (10):23-28
25时旭.薄带钢冷轧过程的弹塑性有限元模拟[D].[东北大学工学博士学位论文].2005
26刘相华.轧制过程的三维弹塑性有限元分析[J].钢铁,2004,39(11):45-47
27申光宪.边界元法[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1998:11-15
28申光宪.边界元法原理及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1983:11-15
29闫相桥.双向载荷作用下无限大板中源于正方形孔的分支裂纹的应力强度因子[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2006,38(8):1224-1227
30 Fischer FD, Rammerstorfer FG, Friedl N, Wieser W. Buckling Phenomena Related to Rolling and Leveling of Sheet Metal[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2000,42:1887-1910
31肖宏.板带轧制过程的三维耦合有限元分析[J].塑性工程学报,2004,11(5):46-49
32肖宏.板带轧制过程多参数耦合模拟系统的开发[J].钢铁,2004,39(6期):32-35
33刘宏民.三维轧制理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:1-53
34连家创,刘宏民.板厚板形控制[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,1996:36-42
35 Liu Hongmin,Zheng Zhenzhong,Peng Yan.Streamline Strip Element Method for Analysis of the Three-Dimensional Stresses and Deformations of Strip Rolling[J]. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,2001,50:1059-1076
36杨荃,杜晓钟.六辊精密冷连轧机带钢截面和边缘降调控性能研究[J].鞍钢技术,2007,5:1-4
37常安,邸洪双,白金兰.影响冷轧边部减薄的因素[J].钢铁,2007,10:1-6
38贾银芳浅析边缘降控制前沿技术[J].梅山科技,2006,3:50-52
39 M.D.Stone.R.Gray.Theory and Practical Aspects in Crown Control[J].Iron and Steel Engineer,1965,(8):288-309
40赵志业,王国栋.现代塑性加工力学[M].沈阳:东北工学院出版社,1986:121-136
41 K.N.Shohet.Roll Bending Method of Crown Control in Four-High Plate Mills[J]. Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute,1969:288-315
42 W.J.Edwards.P.D.Spooner.Automation of Tandem Mills[M].Iron Steel Institute,1973: 69-73
43 Y.Tozawa.Study on Stress Distribution in Strip Rolling[J]. Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering.Nagoya University,1984,(2):81-91
44王国栋,张树堂.四辊轧机轧辊弹性变形的矩阵算法[J].重型机械,1982,(8):9-18
45赵志业,王国栋.现代塑性加工力学[M].沈阳:东北工学院出版社,1986:121-136
46 S.I.Oh,S.Kobayashi.An Approximate Method for a Three Dimension Analysis of Rolling[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciense,1975,17(4):293-305
47加藤和典,室田中雄,熊谷敏彦.剛完全塑性材料の平压延[J].塑性と加工,1980,21(231):359-367
48胡建平,黄幼知,刘宏民,等.万能冷轧宽带平直度分析及控制系统[J].钢铁技术,2002,6:21-25
49鲁海涛,曹建国,张杰.冷连轧机带钢单锥度辊边降控制[J].北京科技大学学报,2006,8:774-775
50周小敏,张清东,王长松.UCMW轧机的边缘降控制性能和影响因素分析[J].北京科大大学学报,2007,4:417-420
51李丹,李林.硅钢轧制中的边缘降控制技术[J].轧钢,2001,8:18-19
52张凤泉.轧辊轴向移动轧机的应用与发展[J].武钢技术,2001,2:4-7
53杨荃,杜晓钟.六辊精密冷连轧机带钢截面和边缘降调控性能研究[J].鞍钢技术,2007,5:1-4
54常安,邸洪双,佟强.工作辊横移对带钢边部减薄的影响[J].东北大学学报,2008,1: 85-88
55曹鸿德.塑性变形力学基础与轧制原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1982:217-222
2吴海淼.冷轧薄板边缘降现象的分析研究[D].[燕山大学工学硕士学位论文].2007
3 Hartung,New Way to Reduce the Edge Drop.Steel Research[J],1998,69(4):143-147
4张清东.宽带钢轧机板形控制技术比较研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2000,2:22-25
5黄贞益,李胜祗.板形控制技术探讨[J].安徽工业大学学报,2002,4:3-6
6 Guillerauit.Lescage Smulttcylindres[J].Revuede Metalurgie,1998,85(2):141-152
7 Kamada,Shunji.Edge Profile Control Using Pair Cross Mill Cold Rolling[J].Iron and Steel Engineer,1996,6:20-26
8张凤泉,康永林.提高森吉米尔轧机横向厚度精度控制的研究[J].轧钢, 2003,20(6):19-21
9 Kimura,Tomoadi.Hot Strip Mill Capability Enhanced by PC-MILL Technology[J]. Hitachi Review,1990,39(8):189-194
10 Takenide Senuma,Masayoshi Suehiro. Mathematical Models for Predicting Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Hot Strips[J].ISIJ International, 1992:423-432
11钱爱文,邸洪双.UC轧机中间辊横移对轧件板形影响的统计分析[J].钢铁研究,2003, 31(3):35-37
12杨凯旋.UC轧机的优质板形控制技术特性[J].南方钢铁,1996,(5):13-16
13 Kajiw.,T沈华枢.UC轧机及轧辊串移技术[J].国外钢铁,1992,(2)59-63
14 R.Finck,K.Grimm.Developments in Cold Rolling Mills for Aluminium and Steel[J]. Metallur Gical Plant and Technology International,2000,23(8):40-51
15 Klaus Grimm.Tandem Cold Rolling Mill for Thyssen Krupp Stahl AG Duisburg Beeckerwerth[J].Cold Rolling Symposium at SMS Demag Aktiengesellschaft,2000: 18-22
16周小敏,张清东,吴平.板带材的边缘降控制技术综述[J].上海冶金,2007,1:21-24
17许健勇.薄板冷轧厚度与板形高精度控制技术[J].钢铁,2002,1:73-77
18 Song G-H.Development of Numerical Formula for Edge Drop Control of Cold Rolled Sheet by Simulation[J].South East Asia Iron and Steel Institute,SEAISI 1997 Korea Conference on "Flat Product Technology" Proceedings,Volume 2 (Malaysia),1997(5): 14-19
19彭艳.基于条元法的HC冷轧机板形预设定控制理论研究及工业应用[D]. [燕山大学工学博士学位论文].2000
20 Annika Nilsson. FE Simulation of Camber in Hot Strip Rolling[J].Journal of Material Processing Technology,1998,(8):12-16
21 O.C.齐基威茨.Y.K著.结构和连续力学中的有限单元法[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1995:26-80
22刘立忠,刘相华,姜正义.利用显式动力学有限元法模拟平板轧制过程[J].塑性工程学报,2001,8(l):20-25
23时旭,刘相华.四辊冷轧机轧辊弯曲和压扁变形的有限元分析[J].东北大学学报, 2004,25(10):957-960
24熊尚武,刘相华.板坯稳态立轧时的三维刚塑性有限元模拟[J].钢铁研究学报,1998, (10):23-28
25时旭.薄带钢冷轧过程的弹塑性有限元模拟[D].[东北大学工学博士学位论文].2005
26刘相华.轧制过程的三维弹塑性有限元分析[J].钢铁,2004,39(11):45-47
27申光宪.边界元法[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1998:11-15
28申光宪.边界元法原理及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1983:11-15
29闫相桥.双向载荷作用下无限大板中源于正方形孔的分支裂纹的应力强度因子[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2006,38(8):1224-1227
30 Fischer FD, Rammerstorfer FG, Friedl N, Wieser W. Buckling Phenomena Related to Rolling and Leveling of Sheet Metal[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2000,42:1887-1910
31肖宏.板带轧制过程的三维耦合有限元分析[J].塑性工程学报,2004,11(5):46-49
32肖宏.板带轧制过程多参数耦合模拟系统的开发[J].钢铁,2004,39(6期):32-35
33刘宏民.三维轧制理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:1-53
34连家创,刘宏民.板厚板形控制[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,1996:36-42
35 Liu Hongmin,Zheng Zhenzhong,Peng Yan.Streamline Strip Element Method for Analysis of the Three-Dimensional Stresses and Deformations of Strip Rolling[J]. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,2001,50:1059-1076
36杨荃,杜晓钟.六辊精密冷连轧机带钢截面和边缘降调控性能研究[J].鞍钢技术,2007,5:1-4
37常安,邸洪双,白金兰.影响冷轧边部减薄的因素[J].钢铁,2007,10:1-6
38贾银芳浅析边缘降控制前沿技术[J].梅山科技,2006,3:50-52
39 M.D.Stone.R.Gray.Theory and Practical Aspects in Crown Control[J].Iron and Steel Engineer,1965,(8):288-309
40赵志业,王国栋.现代塑性加工力学[M].沈阳:东北工学院出版社,1986:121-136
41 K.N.Shohet.Roll Bending Method of Crown Control in Four-High Plate Mills[J]. Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute,1969:288-315
42 W.J.Edwards.P.D.Spooner.Automation of Tandem Mills[M].Iron Steel Institute,1973: 69-73
43 Y.Tozawa.Study on Stress Distribution in Strip Rolling[J]. Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering.Nagoya University,1984,(2):81-91
44王国栋,张树堂.四辊轧机轧辊弹性变形的矩阵算法[J].重型机械,1982,(8):9-18
45赵志业,王国栋.现代塑性加工力学[M].沈阳:东北工学院出版社,1986:121-136
46 S.I.Oh,S.Kobayashi.An Approximate Method for a Three Dimension Analysis of Rolling[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciense,1975,17(4):293-305
47加藤和典,室田中雄,熊谷敏彦.剛完全塑性材料の平压延[J].塑性と加工,1980,21(231):359-367
48胡建平,黄幼知,刘宏民,等.万能冷轧宽带平直度分析及控制系统[J].钢铁技术,2002,6:21-25
49鲁海涛,曹建国,张杰.冷连轧机带钢单锥度辊边降控制[J].北京科技大学学报,2006,8:774-775
50周小敏,张清东,王长松.UCMW轧机的边缘降控制性能和影响因素分析[J].北京科大大学学报,2007,4:417-420
51李丹,李林.硅钢轧制中的边缘降控制技术[J].轧钢,2001,8:18-19
52张凤泉.轧辊轴向移动轧机的应用与发展[J].武钢技术,2001,2:4-7
53杨荃,杜晓钟.六辊精密冷连轧机带钢截面和边缘降调控性能研究[J].鞍钢技术,2007,5:1-4
54常安,邸洪双,佟强.工作辊横移对带钢边部减薄的影响[J].东北大学学报,2008,1: 85-88
55曹鸿德.塑性变形力学基础与轧制原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1982:217-222
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