扁桃抗旱生理及氯化胆碱对其应用研究
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摘要
本研究以三年生盆栽扁桃品种Nonpreil为试材,喷施不同浓度氯化胆碱对扁桃进行处理,随后进行干旱胁迫处理,以选择在干旱条件下氯化胆碱的最适宜使用浓度;对不同的扁桃进行自然干旱处理,品种分别为Nonpreil、Sonora、Price和Butte,研究不同品种扁桃在短期干旱条件下抗旱性的差异;选择抗性不同的扁桃品种,长期称重控水,研究在不同干旱程度下叶片的生理特性及其反应机理以及氯化胆碱对其作用的比较。旨在为扁桃的栽培技术路线的制定和抗性育种提供理论依据,同时为氯化胆碱在果树上的应用提供的理论依据。本试验通过对各项生理指标的测定,得出以下结论:
(1)干旱条件下氯化胆碱提高了SOD、POD、CAT的活性,对扁桃受胁迫造成的膜透性下降和膜质过氧化伤害有缓解作用,缓解了干旱对扁桃净光合速率的降低,最适宜氯化胆碱浓度为500mg/L。
(2)自然干旱条件下各扁桃品种参数表现出类似的变化规律,质膜透性增加,MDA含量升高,抗氧化酶活性先上升后下降,渗透调节物质逐渐积累,总叶绿素含量降低,净光合速率下降,初始荧光Fo升高,最大荧光Fm下降,PS II的光能转换效率下降,但品种不同其变化有所差异,通过隶属函数分析可以得出品种的抗旱性差异排序如下:Price>Sonora>Nonpreil>Butte。
(3)长期控水条件下对抗旱性不同的扁桃品种生理参数变化规律也表现出类似的趋势,质膜透性增加,MDA含量升高,抗氧化酶活性上升,渗透调节物质大量积累,总叶绿素含量降低,净光合速率下降,初始荧光Fo升高,最大荧光Fm下降,PS II的光能转换效率下降。
(4)喷施氯化胆碱对扁桃抗旱生理有显著作用,综合分析可知,在抗性较差品种上效果较抗旱性较强品种效果要好,喷施后部分参数可以达到抗旱性较强的品种在同等胁迫条件下所达到的水平。
The paper studied mainly on the characteristics of almond (Amygdalus communis L.) to resist drought stress ,represented by its four cultivars‘Nonpreil’‘Sonora’‘Price’and‘Butte’. Variation regulation of physiological biochemical indexes and photosynithese indexes of leafs was studied.0,50,100,300,500,700,1000mg/L CC was used to almond,in order to choose which is the best one.
(1)Incomparison with the control , the activities of superoxide dismutase , catalase and peroxidase was increased after treated by CC.Plasma membrane permeability conductance and MDA content in almond leaves was reduced after treated .Pn was inprove.Incomparison with the other CC treatment ,500mg/L is the best.
(2) The resistance of drought on the four cultivars was assessment by using all the sensitive physiological indicators.Under the short time drought stress, plasma membrane permeability conductance increased.The MDA content was increased gradually,the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes increased and then went down rapidly.Pn went down in the four cultivars. In water deficit conditions, the total chlorophyll content of the four cultivars decreased. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were changed markedly under drought stress.It shew that the structure and function of photosystemⅡwas damaged.The ability of drought-resistance was: Price>Sonora>Nonpreil>Butte.
(3) The resistance of drought on the two cultivars was assessment by using all the sensitive physiological indicators.After long time stress plasma membrane permeability conductance increased. The MDA content was increased gradualy,the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes increased. Under long time drought conditions, both of the two cultivars have the abilities to adapting drought environment by increasing the contentration of soluble sugar and proline .Pn went down in all treatments. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were changed markedly under drought stress.It shew also that the structure and function of photosystemⅡwas damaged.
(4)The resistance to drought stress of almonds were enhanced significantly after treated by 500mg/L CC.The effect of CC to Butte is better than that to Price. Some of the physiological indicators of Butter treated by CC approach to which of Price.
(1)干旱条件下氯化胆碱提高了SOD、POD、CAT的活性,对扁桃受胁迫造成的膜透性下降和膜质过氧化伤害有缓解作用,缓解了干旱对扁桃净光合速率的降低,最适宜氯化胆碱浓度为500mg/L。
(2)自然干旱条件下各扁桃品种参数表现出类似的变化规律,质膜透性增加,MDA含量升高,抗氧化酶活性先上升后下降,渗透调节物质逐渐积累,总叶绿素含量降低,净光合速率下降,初始荧光Fo升高,最大荧光Fm下降,PS II的光能转换效率下降,但品种不同其变化有所差异,通过隶属函数分析可以得出品种的抗旱性差异排序如下:Price>Sonora>Nonpreil>Butte。
(3)长期控水条件下对抗旱性不同的扁桃品种生理参数变化规律也表现出类似的趋势,质膜透性增加,MDA含量升高,抗氧化酶活性上升,渗透调节物质大量积累,总叶绿素含量降低,净光合速率下降,初始荧光Fo升高,最大荧光Fm下降,PS II的光能转换效率下降。
(4)喷施氯化胆碱对扁桃抗旱生理有显著作用,综合分析可知,在抗性较差品种上效果较抗旱性较强品种效果要好,喷施后部分参数可以达到抗旱性较强的品种在同等胁迫条件下所达到的水平。
The paper studied mainly on the characteristics of almond (Amygdalus communis L.) to resist drought stress ,represented by its four cultivars‘Nonpreil’‘Sonora’‘Price’and‘Butte’. Variation regulation of physiological biochemical indexes and photosynithese indexes of leafs was studied.0,50,100,300,500,700,1000mg/L CC was used to almond,in order to choose which is the best one.
(1)Incomparison with the control , the activities of superoxide dismutase , catalase and peroxidase was increased after treated by CC.Plasma membrane permeability conductance and MDA content in almond leaves was reduced after treated .Pn was inprove.Incomparison with the other CC treatment ,500mg/L is the best.
(2) The resistance of drought on the four cultivars was assessment by using all the sensitive physiological indicators.Under the short time drought stress, plasma membrane permeability conductance increased.The MDA content was increased gradually,the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes increased and then went down rapidly.Pn went down in the four cultivars. In water deficit conditions, the total chlorophyll content of the four cultivars decreased. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were changed markedly under drought stress.It shew that the structure and function of photosystemⅡwas damaged.The ability of drought-resistance was: Price>Sonora>Nonpreil>Butte.
(3) The resistance of drought on the two cultivars was assessment by using all the sensitive physiological indicators.After long time stress plasma membrane permeability conductance increased. The MDA content was increased gradualy,the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes increased. Under long time drought conditions, both of the two cultivars have the abilities to adapting drought environment by increasing the contentration of soluble sugar and proline .Pn went down in all treatments. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were changed markedly under drought stress.It shew also that the structure and function of photosystemⅡwas damaged.
(4)The resistance to drought stress of almonds were enhanced significantly after treated by 500mg/L CC.The effect of CC to Butte is better than that to Price. Some of the physiological indicators of Butter treated by CC approach to which of Price.
引文
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