地下供水管线破坏试验及抗震分析
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摘要
作为生命线系统工程的重要组成部分,城市供水管网不但在城市生产生活中发挥重要的作用,也为震后救灾的顺利进行提供重要的功能保障。我国属于地震多发国家,存在随时发生地震灾害以及由此引起次生灾害的危险。同时,我国大部分城市的生命线系统抗灾能力较差。加强对地下管线的抗震研究,对提高我国城市的防灾减灾能力意义重大。
本文在综合分析了现有国内外相关研究的基础上,对城市地下供水管网的两种主要管材——柔性接口塑料管和球墨铸铁供水管的抗震性能进行了较为全面、系统的研究。
论文主要研究内容包括：
(1)阐述了课题研究的目的、意义,介绍了国内外供水管网研究的发展历程,对地下供水管线抗震计算的国内外研究发展水平做出综述,对当前地下供水管线抗震研究的必要性和存在的问题进行了总结、归纳和分析；
(2)对地震灾区供水管线的破坏形态进行了调查,总结了地下管线的地震破坏特点,论述了地下供水管线的地震反应分析方法；
(3)对地下塑料及球墨铸铁供水管道进行了考虑有无覆土、有无水压情况下的静载拉拔试验。分别论述、分析了试验中结构破坏特点与特征；
(4)在试验研究基础上,对两种管材的接口力学性能进行分析,给出了不同情况下力和位移的关系式,并进行了误差分析；
(5)以200mm和315mm两种管径的塑料管道为例,计算了管道在7度、8度和9度地震力作用下的抗震可靠度,给出了可供工程实际应用的设计建议；
(6)对地下球墨铸铁供水管线的抗震功能进行了分析。根据试验结果给出了球墨铸铁管地震后管内水压变化与接口位移关系曲线,建立了拟合模型。
As an important part of the lifeline systems engineering, the urban water supply network not only plays an important role in a city's productive lifestyles, but also provides a kind of functional support for post-earthquake relief. Earthquake disaster which always results in the secondary danger exists at any moment in China, as one of the earthquake-prone countries. At the same time, the lifeline systems have poor capacity to resist disasters in the most cities of China. Therefore, it is significant to enhance the seismic study of underground pipelines for improving the capacity of disaster prevention and mitigation of our cities.
In this academic thesis, on the basis of a comprehensive analysis at home and abroad, there is a more comprehensive and systematic research for seismic performance of the flexible plastic pipes used of the interfaces and the ductile iron water pipes which are the two main pipes of the urban underground water supply network. All the research is according to urgent needs for basic study of urban earthquake disaster prevention and for the actual situation of China's urban underground water-supply systems.
Major researches in the thesis are as the following:
(1) Explained the purpose of the research, significance, introduced the historical development of water supply pipe network, and given a general idea about the level of research and development of the underground water supply pipeline seismic calculation both at home and abroad, but other than that, conducted a summary, synthesis and analysis of the current seismic study of underground water pipes;
(2) Investigated the failure modes of water supply pipeline under earthquake, and expounded the seismic response analysis method of the underground water supply pipeline;
(3) Studied the plastic water supply pipes and ductile iron pipes in the systematic static load axial tensile in the soil or not in the soil, analyzed the characteristics and features of structural damage in the water test and non-water test;
(4) Based on the pilot study, made an analysis of mechanical properties of the interface between two kinds of pipe, and given a relationship between force and displacement type under different circumstances, at the same time, conducted error analysis;
(5) Studied the reliability of underground pipeline interface displacement. Take two kinds of 200mm and 315mm diameter plastic pipe as an example, the calculation of seismic reliability of the pipeline in 7 degrees,8 degrees and 9 degrees under the action of seismic forces, even provided the practical recommendations of engineering design;
(6) Analyzed the seismic features in underground ductile iron water pipes. Shown a curve of displacement of interface and pressure changes of the ductile iron pipe after the earthquake according to the test results, and then proposed a fitting model.
本文在综合分析了现有国内外相关研究的基础上,对城市地下供水管网的两种主要管材——柔性接口塑料管和球墨铸铁供水管的抗震性能进行了较为全面、系统的研究。
论文主要研究内容包括：
(1)阐述了课题研究的目的、意义,介绍了国内外供水管网研究的发展历程,对地下供水管线抗震计算的国内外研究发展水平做出综述,对当前地下供水管线抗震研究的必要性和存在的问题进行了总结、归纳和分析；
(2)对地震灾区供水管线的破坏形态进行了调查,总结了地下管线的地震破坏特点,论述了地下供水管线的地震反应分析方法；
(3)对地下塑料及球墨铸铁供水管道进行了考虑有无覆土、有无水压情况下的静载拉拔试验。分别论述、分析了试验中结构破坏特点与特征；
(4)在试验研究基础上,对两种管材的接口力学性能进行分析,给出了不同情况下力和位移的关系式,并进行了误差分析；
(5)以200mm和315mm两种管径的塑料管道为例,计算了管道在7度、8度和9度地震力作用下的抗震可靠度,给出了可供工程实际应用的设计建议；
(6)对地下球墨铸铁供水管线的抗震功能进行了分析。根据试验结果给出了球墨铸铁管地震后管内水压变化与接口位移关系曲线,建立了拟合模型。
As an important part of the lifeline systems engineering, the urban water supply network not only plays an important role in a city's productive lifestyles, but also provides a kind of functional support for post-earthquake relief. Earthquake disaster which always results in the secondary danger exists at any moment in China, as one of the earthquake-prone countries. At the same time, the lifeline systems have poor capacity to resist disasters in the most cities of China. Therefore, it is significant to enhance the seismic study of underground pipelines for improving the capacity of disaster prevention and mitigation of our cities.
In this academic thesis, on the basis of a comprehensive analysis at home and abroad, there is a more comprehensive and systematic research for seismic performance of the flexible plastic pipes used of the interfaces and the ductile iron water pipes which are the two main pipes of the urban underground water supply network. All the research is according to urgent needs for basic study of urban earthquake disaster prevention and for the actual situation of China's urban underground water-supply systems.
Major researches in the thesis are as the following:
(1) Explained the purpose of the research, significance, introduced the historical development of water supply pipe network, and given a general idea about the level of research and development of the underground water supply pipeline seismic calculation both at home and abroad, but other than that, conducted a summary, synthesis and analysis of the current seismic study of underground water pipes;
(2) Investigated the failure modes of water supply pipeline under earthquake, and expounded the seismic response analysis method of the underground water supply pipeline;
(3) Studied the plastic water supply pipes and ductile iron pipes in the systematic static load axial tensile in the soil or not in the soil, analyzed the characteristics and features of structural damage in the water test and non-water test;
(4) Based on the pilot study, made an analysis of mechanical properties of the interface between two kinds of pipe, and given a relationship between force and displacement type under different circumstances, at the same time, conducted error analysis;
(5) Studied the reliability of underground pipeline interface displacement. Take two kinds of 200mm and 315mm diameter plastic pipe as an example, the calculation of seismic reliability of the pipeline in 7 degrees,8 degrees and 9 degrees under the action of seismic forces, even provided the practical recommendations of engineering design;
(6) Analyzed the seismic features in underground ductile iron water pipes. Shown a curve of displacement of interface and pressure changes of the ductile iron pipe after the earthquake according to the test results, and then proposed a fitting model.
引文
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