地震作用下相邻钢筋混凝土框架结构碰撞分析
|
摘要
大量的地震建筑物震害调查表明,碰撞是导致结构产生非结构性和结构性破坏、倒塌的重要原因之一。不同动力特性的相邻结构由于没有足够的距离,在地震作用下异相振动,而发生碰撞。在我国,存在大量的桥梁结构、临街建筑之间没有设置防震缝,并且即使按照抗震规范设置防震缝宽度,在罕遇地震下也可能发生碰撞。因此,研究碰撞对结构反应的影响,对保证相邻结构的地震安全具有重要意义。本文针对相邻单层结构、多高层结构的碰撞问题展开如下的工作:
1、简述了碰撞结构模型的选取和碰撞体系动力控制方程的建立及求解,总结了研究碰撞问题的各种模型方法,并给出了它们的数学表达式和参数确定方法,详细比较了各种碰撞模型的优缺点。
2、利用单自由度体系碰撞模型,研究了远场和近场地震动下单自由体系结构碰撞反应的不同,并详尽探讨了间隙比、周期比(刚度比)、地震动特征周期对结构碰撞反应的影响规律。
3、选取四组相邻多层钢筋混凝土框架结构作为研究对象,研究了碰撞对多层结构峰值位移、层间位移角、剪力、弯矩的影响,探讨了无缝及按规范设置防震缝两种情况下结构碰撞的反应规律,为相邻结构的抗震设计提供了有益的建议。
It has been shown that by a large number of investigations of earthquake damage to structures, pounding is an important factor resulting in non-structural and structural damage, or even collapse of structure. Due to the different dynamic characteristics, adjacent structures with inadequate space vibrate out of phase and pounding occurs. In China, there are many bridges, street buildings without seismic joint. Though the seismic joint is set in accordance with seismic code, pounding can occur during severe earthquake. Hence, it has an important meaning for ensuring seismic safety of adjacent structures that research on effect of structural pounding.The main works for pounding of adjacent single-story structures, multi-and tall-story structures are proceeded as follows:
1. A brief outline of the selected structural model for pounding is proposed. Base on formulation and solution of dynamic control equations for collision system, various research methods of the problem of pounding are summarized and the mathematical expressions and methods to determine parameters of them are given. Then, the advantages and disadvantages of various methods are discussed.
2. The single-degree-of-freedom system collision model is choosed to study different collision responses of the single-degree-of-freedom structure under the far-field and near-field earthquake motions, and the influence of the collision responses of structure under gap ratio, period ratio (stiffness ratio) and characteristic period of ground motion are discussed in detail.
3. Four groups of adjacent structures multi-storeyed reinforced concrete frame are selected as research object to study peak displacement, story drift angle, shear, moment of them under pounding, and the different collision responses of structure with seismic joint set in accordance with seismic code and without seismic joint are discussed. The results will provide beneficial suggestions and references to seismic design of adjacent structures.
1、简述了碰撞结构模型的选取和碰撞体系动力控制方程的建立及求解,总结了研究碰撞问题的各种模型方法,并给出了它们的数学表达式和参数确定方法,详细比较了各种碰撞模型的优缺点。
2、利用单自由度体系碰撞模型,研究了远场和近场地震动下单自由体系结构碰撞反应的不同,并详尽探讨了间隙比、周期比(刚度比)、地震动特征周期对结构碰撞反应的影响规律。
3、选取四组相邻多层钢筋混凝土框架结构作为研究对象,研究了碰撞对多层结构峰值位移、层间位移角、剪力、弯矩的影响,探讨了无缝及按规范设置防震缝两种情况下结构碰撞的反应规律,为相邻结构的抗震设计提供了有益的建议。
It has been shown that by a large number of investigations of earthquake damage to structures, pounding is an important factor resulting in non-structural and structural damage, or even collapse of structure. Due to the different dynamic characteristics, adjacent structures with inadequate space vibrate out of phase and pounding occurs. In China, there are many bridges, street buildings without seismic joint. Though the seismic joint is set in accordance with seismic code, pounding can occur during severe earthquake. Hence, it has an important meaning for ensuring seismic safety of adjacent structures that research on effect of structural pounding.The main works for pounding of adjacent single-story structures, multi-and tall-story structures are proceeded as follows:
1. A brief outline of the selected structural model for pounding is proposed. Base on formulation and solution of dynamic control equations for collision system, various research methods of the problem of pounding are summarized and the mathematical expressions and methods to determine parameters of them are given. Then, the advantages and disadvantages of various methods are discussed.
2. The single-degree-of-freedom system collision model is choosed to study different collision responses of the single-degree-of-freedom structure under the far-field and near-field earthquake motions, and the influence of the collision responses of structure under gap ratio, period ratio (stiffness ratio) and characteristic period of ground motion are discussed in detail.
3. Four groups of adjacent structures multi-storeyed reinforced concrete frame are selected as research object to study peak displacement, story drift angle, shear, moment of them under pounding, and the different collision responses of structure with seismic joint set in accordance with seismic code and without seismic joint are discussed. The results will provide beneficial suggestions and references to seismic design of adjacent structures.
引文
1杨永强.地震落梁与结构碰撞的数值模拟研究.中国地震局工程力学研究所硕士学位论文.2007: 1~2
2邹宏德,蓝宗建.相邻建筑结构碰撞问题的探讨.工业建筑.2002,32(4): 49~52
3 V. Jeng, W. L. Tzeng. Assessment of Seismic Pounding Hazard for Taipei City. Engineering Structures. 2000,22: 459~471
4胡庆昌.考虑房屋撞击的抗震设计若干概念.建筑结构学报.1995,1: 49~52
5 S. Muthukumar, R.DesRoches. A Hertz contact model with non-linear damping for pounding simulation.Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2006,35: 811~828
6 K. Kasai, B. F. Maison.Building pounding damage during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.Engineering Structures. 1997,19(3): 195~207
7 S. Muthukumar. A contact element approach with hysteresis damping for the analysis and design of pounding in bridges. Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003
8孟庆利,徐增盛.相邻结构地震碰撞研究描述.世界地震工程. 2003,19(4): 68~72
9王广军.防震缝的规范规定及进展.工程抗震. 1989,4: 29~34
10姚春桥,肖桂清,侯建国,陈文敏.建筑物防震缝宽度确定方法的建议. 2005,22(4): 90~91
11 K. Kasai, B. F. Maison. Analysis for type of structural pounding. Journal of Structural Engineering(ASCE). 2002,128: 860~869
12 K. Kasai, B. F. Maison. Dynamics of pounding when two buildings collide. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1992,21: 771~786
13 K. Kasai, A. R. Jagiasi, V. Jeng. Inelastic vibration phase theory for seismic pounding mitigation. Journal of Structural Engineering (ASCE). 1996, 122: 1136~1146
14 R. O. Davis. Pounding of buildings modeled by an impact oscillator. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1992, 21: 253~274
15 H. S. Jing, M.Young. Random response of a single degree of freedom vibru impact system with clearance. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1990,19(6): 789~798
16 R. Jankowsk. Non-linear viscoelastic modeling of earthquake-induced structural pounding. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2005,34: 595~611
17 X. Ma, C. P. Pantelides. Linear and nonlinear pounding of structural systems. Computers and Structures. 1998,66: 79~92
18 R. Jankowski. Pounding force response spectrum under earthquake excitation. Engineering Structures. 2006,26: 1149~1161
19 R. Jankowski. Analytical expression between the impact damping ratio and the coecient of restitution in the non-linear viscoelastic model of structural pounding. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2006,35: 517~524
20 K. T. Chau, X. X. Wei, X. Guo and C. Y. Shen. Experimental and theoretical simulations of seismic poundings between two adjacent structures. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics.2003,32: 537~554
21 K. T. Chau, X. X. Wei. Pounding of structures modelled as non-linear impacts of two oscillators. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2001,30:633~651
22 A. Anagnostopoulos, K. V. Spiliopoulos. An Investigation of Earthquake Induced Pounding Between Adjacent Building. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1992,21: 289~302
23 C. G. Karayannis, M. J. Favvata. Earthquake-induced interaction between adjacent reinforced concrete structures with non-equal heights. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2005,34: 1~20
24 M. Papadrakakis. Three dimensional simulation of structural pounding during earthquakes. Joumal of Engineering Mechanics.1996,122(5): 423~431.
25 W. S. Zhang, Y. L. Xu. Dynamic characteristics and seismic response of adjacent building linked by discrete dampers. 1999,28: 1163~1185
26 Hong Hao, J. Shen. Estimation of relative displacement of two adjacent asymmetric structures. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2001,30: 81~96
27 A. V. Bhaskararao, R. S. Jangid. Optimum viscous damper for connecting adjacent SDOF structures for harmonic and stationary white-noise random excitations. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2007,36: 563~571
28 Abdullah, J. H. Hanif, A. Richardson and J. Sobanjo. Use of a shared tuned mass damper (STMD)to reducevibration and pounding in adjacent structures. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2001,30: 1185~1201
29张雷明,刘西拉.相邻结构之间的碰撞分析.上海交通大学学报. 2004,38(6): 941~946
30 R. Jankowski. Earthquake-induced pounding between equal height buildings withsubstantially different dynamic properties. Engineering Structures. 2008, 30: 2818~2829
31唐曹明.解决已有建筑物地震时碰撞问题的几点讨论.建筑结构报. 2001,22(1):76-78
32丁文胜,陈振伟.地震作用下相邻结构碰撞对结构性能影响研究.江苏科技大学学报.2008,22(3): 17~22
33 M. Papadrakakis, H. P. Mouzakis. Earthquake simulator testing of pounding between adjacent buildings. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1995,24(6): 811~834
34 A. Filiatrault, P. Wagner, S. Cherry. Analytical prediction of experimental building pounding. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1995,24(8): 1131~1154
35 C. J.Athanassiadou, G. G. Penelis, A. J. Kappos.Seismic response of adjacent Buildings with similar or different dynamic characteristics.Earthquake Spectra. 1994,10: 293~317
36 S. A. Anagnostopoulos, K. V. Spiliopoulos. An Investigation of Earthquake Induced Pounding Between Adjacent Building. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1992,21: 289~302
37 C. J. Athanassiadou, G. G. Penelies.Elastic and inelastic system interaction under an earthquake motion.Proc.7th Hellenic Conf. on Concrete Patras, Greece . 1985,1: 211~216
38 M. Papadrakakis, H. Mouzakis, N. Plevris, S. Bitzarakis.A Lagrange multiplier solution for pounding of buildings during earthquake.Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1991,20: 981~998
39 S. Muthukumar, R. DesRoches . Evaluation of impact models for seismic pounding.13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Canada, 2004, Paper No.235
40 V. Prakash, G.H.Powell, S. Campbell. DRAIN-2DX Base Program Description And User Guide,Version 1.10, 1993. Department Of Civil Engineering, University Of California Berkeley,California
41 G. H. Powell. DRAIN-2DX Element Description And User Guide, Version 1.10. Department Of Civil Engineering, University Of California Berkeley,California
42李进,邵新妍.基于DRAIN-2DX的结构弹塑性弹塑性分析.中国新技术产品.2008,12:64
43倪舜豪.近断层地区抗震设计谱及钢框架地震反应分析.哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文. 2008:16
44李爽,谢礼立.近场脉冲型地震动对钢筋混凝土框架结构影响.沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版). 2006,22(3):406~409
45王军文,李建中,范立础.连续梁桥纵向地震碰撞反应参数研究.中国公路学报. 2005,18(4): 34~37
46 J. H. Lin. Separation distance to avoid seismic pounding of adjacent buildings. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1997,26: 395~403.
47 S. S. Wang, H. P. Hong. Quantiles of critical separation distance for nonstationaryseismic excitations. Engineering Structures. 2006,28: 985~991
48 R. Jankowski. Earthquake-induced pounding between equal height buildings with substantially different dynamic properties. Engineering Structures. 2008,30: 2818~2829
49 J. H. L, C. C. Weng. Probability analysis of seismic pounding of adjacent buildings Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2001,30: 1539~1557
50 V. K. Agarwala, J. M. Niedzweckia, J. W. vandelindt. Earthquake induced pounding in friction varying base isolated buildings. Engineering Structures. Engineering Structures. 2007,29: 2825~832
51建筑抗震设计规范GB50011-2001.中国建筑工业出版社,2002: 45~46
52孙亚民.抗震结构非弹性位移估计研究.哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2006: 58~59
2邹宏德,蓝宗建.相邻建筑结构碰撞问题的探讨.工业建筑.2002,32(4): 49~52
3 V. Jeng, W. L. Tzeng. Assessment of Seismic Pounding Hazard for Taipei City. Engineering Structures. 2000,22: 459~471
4胡庆昌.考虑房屋撞击的抗震设计若干概念.建筑结构学报.1995,1: 49~52
5 S. Muthukumar, R.DesRoches. A Hertz contact model with non-linear damping for pounding simulation.Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2006,35: 811~828
6 K. Kasai, B. F. Maison.Building pounding damage during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.Engineering Structures. 1997,19(3): 195~207
7 S. Muthukumar. A contact element approach with hysteresis damping for the analysis and design of pounding in bridges. Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003
8孟庆利,徐增盛.相邻结构地震碰撞研究描述.世界地震工程. 2003,19(4): 68~72
9王广军.防震缝的规范规定及进展.工程抗震. 1989,4: 29~34
10姚春桥,肖桂清,侯建国,陈文敏.建筑物防震缝宽度确定方法的建议. 2005,22(4): 90~91
11 K. Kasai, B. F. Maison. Analysis for type of structural pounding. Journal of Structural Engineering(ASCE). 2002,128: 860~869
12 K. Kasai, B. F. Maison. Dynamics of pounding when two buildings collide. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1992,21: 771~786
13 K. Kasai, A. R. Jagiasi, V. Jeng. Inelastic vibration phase theory for seismic pounding mitigation. Journal of Structural Engineering (ASCE). 1996, 122: 1136~1146
14 R. O. Davis. Pounding of buildings modeled by an impact oscillator. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1992, 21: 253~274
15 H. S. Jing, M.Young. Random response of a single degree of freedom vibru impact system with clearance. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1990,19(6): 789~798
16 R. Jankowsk. Non-linear viscoelastic modeling of earthquake-induced structural pounding. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2005,34: 595~611
17 X. Ma, C. P. Pantelides. Linear and nonlinear pounding of structural systems. Computers and Structures. 1998,66: 79~92
18 R. Jankowski. Pounding force response spectrum under earthquake excitation. Engineering Structures. 2006,26: 1149~1161
19 R. Jankowski. Analytical expression between the impact damping ratio and the coecient of restitution in the non-linear viscoelastic model of structural pounding. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2006,35: 517~524
20 K. T. Chau, X. X. Wei, X. Guo and C. Y. Shen. Experimental and theoretical simulations of seismic poundings between two adjacent structures. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics.2003,32: 537~554
21 K. T. Chau, X. X. Wei. Pounding of structures modelled as non-linear impacts of two oscillators. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2001,30:633~651
22 A. Anagnostopoulos, K. V. Spiliopoulos. An Investigation of Earthquake Induced Pounding Between Adjacent Building. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1992,21: 289~302
23 C. G. Karayannis, M. J. Favvata. Earthquake-induced interaction between adjacent reinforced concrete structures with non-equal heights. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2005,34: 1~20
24 M. Papadrakakis. Three dimensional simulation of structural pounding during earthquakes. Joumal of Engineering Mechanics.1996,122(5): 423~431.
25 W. S. Zhang, Y. L. Xu. Dynamic characteristics and seismic response of adjacent building linked by discrete dampers. 1999,28: 1163~1185
26 Hong Hao, J. Shen. Estimation of relative displacement of two adjacent asymmetric structures. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2001,30: 81~96
27 A. V. Bhaskararao, R. S. Jangid. Optimum viscous damper for connecting adjacent SDOF structures for harmonic and stationary white-noise random excitations. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2007,36: 563~571
28 Abdullah, J. H. Hanif, A. Richardson and J. Sobanjo. Use of a shared tuned mass damper (STMD)to reducevibration and pounding in adjacent structures. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2001,30: 1185~1201
29张雷明,刘西拉.相邻结构之间的碰撞分析.上海交通大学学报. 2004,38(6): 941~946
30 R. Jankowski. Earthquake-induced pounding between equal height buildings withsubstantially different dynamic properties. Engineering Structures. 2008, 30: 2818~2829
31唐曹明.解决已有建筑物地震时碰撞问题的几点讨论.建筑结构报. 2001,22(1):76-78
32丁文胜,陈振伟.地震作用下相邻结构碰撞对结构性能影响研究.江苏科技大学学报.2008,22(3): 17~22
33 M. Papadrakakis, H. P. Mouzakis. Earthquake simulator testing of pounding between adjacent buildings. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1995,24(6): 811~834
34 A. Filiatrault, P. Wagner, S. Cherry. Analytical prediction of experimental building pounding. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1995,24(8): 1131~1154
35 C. J.Athanassiadou, G. G. Penelis, A. J. Kappos.Seismic response of adjacent Buildings with similar or different dynamic characteristics.Earthquake Spectra. 1994,10: 293~317
36 S. A. Anagnostopoulos, K. V. Spiliopoulos. An Investigation of Earthquake Induced Pounding Between Adjacent Building. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1992,21: 289~302
37 C. J. Athanassiadou, G. G. Penelies.Elastic and inelastic system interaction under an earthquake motion.Proc.7th Hellenic Conf. on Concrete Patras, Greece . 1985,1: 211~216
38 M. Papadrakakis, H. Mouzakis, N. Plevris, S. Bitzarakis.A Lagrange multiplier solution for pounding of buildings during earthquake.Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1991,20: 981~998
39 S. Muthukumar, R. DesRoches . Evaluation of impact models for seismic pounding.13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Canada, 2004, Paper No.235
40 V. Prakash, G.H.Powell, S. Campbell. DRAIN-2DX Base Program Description And User Guide,Version 1.10, 1993. Department Of Civil Engineering, University Of California Berkeley,California
41 G. H. Powell. DRAIN-2DX Element Description And User Guide, Version 1.10. Department Of Civil Engineering, University Of California Berkeley,California
42李进,邵新妍.基于DRAIN-2DX的结构弹塑性弹塑性分析.中国新技术产品.2008,12:64
43倪舜豪.近断层地区抗震设计谱及钢框架地震反应分析.哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文. 2008:16
44李爽,谢礼立.近场脉冲型地震动对钢筋混凝土框架结构影响.沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版). 2006,22(3):406~409
45王军文,李建中,范立础.连续梁桥纵向地震碰撞反应参数研究.中国公路学报. 2005,18(4): 34~37
46 J. H. Lin. Separation distance to avoid seismic pounding of adjacent buildings. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1997,26: 395~403.
47 S. S. Wang, H. P. Hong. Quantiles of critical separation distance for nonstationaryseismic excitations. Engineering Structures. 2006,28: 985~991
48 R. Jankowski. Earthquake-induced pounding between equal height buildings with substantially different dynamic properties. Engineering Structures. 2008,30: 2818~2829
49 J. H. L, C. C. Weng. Probability analysis of seismic pounding of adjacent buildings Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2001,30: 1539~1557
50 V. K. Agarwala, J. M. Niedzweckia, J. W. vandelindt. Earthquake induced pounding in friction varying base isolated buildings. Engineering Structures. Engineering Structures. 2007,29: 2825~832
51建筑抗震设计规范GB50011-2001.中国建筑工业出版社,2002: 45~46
52孙亚民.抗震结构非弹性位移估计研究.哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2006: 58~59