川东北海相碳酸盐岩高含硫地层安全高效钻井液技术研究
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摘要
川东北海相碳酸盐岩高含硫地层地质情况复杂，钻井过程中时常出现喷、漏、塌、卡、H_2S侵等复杂情况。通过查阅大量国内外相关文献和川东北的相关资料，总结分析了该地区的地质工程特征，开展了对钻井液的流变性、失水造壁性、抗污染性、润滑性、抗高温稳定性等方面的研究，形成了适合于川东北海相碳酸盐岩高含硫气藏的钻井液体系——FHJJ聚磺钻井液体系，其能抗高温达180℃，可控密度达到2.30g／cm~3。
针对该地区存在的井下复杂情况，研究并提出了一系列的技术对策。在井壁失稳方面，分析了井壁失稳的机理，制定了合理的钻井液密度，使用了具有强抑制性的FHJJ聚磺钻井液体系和强封堵性材料；在防漏、堵漏方面，通过对井漏机理的分析，同时根据不同的地层情况，提出了不同的预防和解决措施，并研究了几种新型的堵漏材料，制定了堵漏工艺；在防硫化氢方面，通过对除硫剂机理的研究，同时对多种除硫剂进行了优选评价，并与FHJJ聚磺钻井液有良好的配伍性，并形成了一套防硫化氢技术。
研究形成的新型钻井液体系和预防处理井下复杂情况的钻井液技术对策已经写入马1井和金溪1井的钻井液设计，正在现场试验应用过程中，到目前为止应用效果良好。
Sea facies carbonate rock with high sulfur content in the northeast of Sichuan is complicated, often appears complex conditions such as spewing, leaking, collapsing, blocking and so on during the process of welldrilling. Analyzed geology engineering character of local region and developed researches of rheological properties, filtration building capacity and anti- contamination, lubricity of drilling fluid and anti-high temperature of stability etc through looking up to a great deal of domestic and abroad relevant technology and related data of the northeast of Sichuan, the drilling fluid system which is suitable for gas store of sea facies carbonate rock with high sourness in the northeast of Sichuan was formed----FHJJ polysulfonate drilling fluids system, whose anti-high temperature is 180℃,controllable density is 2.30g/cm~3.
A series of countermeasure of drilling fluids technology was rendered by research according to the complicated conditions at local district. The mechanism of borehole wall was analyzed, appropriate density of drilling fluid was rendered and FHJJ polysulfonate drilling fluids system with strong ability of sealing and block and strong inhibition at aspects of borehole wall lost stability; according to different geological conditions different measure of precaution and solution was rendered, a few kind of new-style material blocking leak up was researched and different blocking leak up craft was worked out at aspects of leakage proof and blocking leak up; at aspects of prevented sulfureted hydrogen, various removed sulfur agent was appraised, and selected removed sulfur agent matched well to FHJJ polysulfonate drilling fluid, and a set of technique of prevented sulfureted hydrogen was formed.
Field testing certificate, these drilling fluids techonogise have been gone on well appling.
针对该地区存在的井下复杂情况，研究并提出了一系列的技术对策。在井壁失稳方面，分析了井壁失稳的机理，制定了合理的钻井液密度，使用了具有强抑制性的FHJJ聚磺钻井液体系和强封堵性材料；在防漏、堵漏方面，通过对井漏机理的分析，同时根据不同的地层情况，提出了不同的预防和解决措施，并研究了几种新型的堵漏材料，制定了堵漏工艺；在防硫化氢方面，通过对除硫剂机理的研究，同时对多种除硫剂进行了优选评价，并与FHJJ聚磺钻井液有良好的配伍性，并形成了一套防硫化氢技术。
研究形成的新型钻井液体系和预防处理井下复杂情况的钻井液技术对策已经写入马1井和金溪1井的钻井液设计，正在现场试验应用过程中，到目前为止应用效果良好。
Sea facies carbonate rock with high sulfur content in the northeast of Sichuan is complicated, often appears complex conditions such as spewing, leaking, collapsing, blocking and so on during the process of welldrilling. Analyzed geology engineering character of local region and developed researches of rheological properties, filtration building capacity and anti- contamination, lubricity of drilling fluid and anti-high temperature of stability etc through looking up to a great deal of domestic and abroad relevant technology and related data of the northeast of Sichuan, the drilling fluid system which is suitable for gas store of sea facies carbonate rock with high sourness in the northeast of Sichuan was formed----FHJJ polysulfonate drilling fluids system, whose anti-high temperature is 180℃,controllable density is 2.30g/cm~3.
A series of countermeasure of drilling fluids technology was rendered by research according to the complicated conditions at local district. The mechanism of borehole wall was analyzed, appropriate density of drilling fluid was rendered and FHJJ polysulfonate drilling fluids system with strong ability of sealing and block and strong inhibition at aspects of borehole wall lost stability; according to different geological conditions different measure of precaution and solution was rendered, a few kind of new-style material blocking leak up was researched and different blocking leak up craft was worked out at aspects of leakage proof and blocking leak up; at aspects of prevented sulfureted hydrogen, various removed sulfur agent was appraised, and selected removed sulfur agent matched well to FHJJ polysulfonate drilling fluid, and a set of technique of prevented sulfureted hydrogen was formed.
Field testing certificate, these drilling fluids techonogise have been gone on well appling.
引文
[1] 赵忠举、徐同台．2004年国外钻井液技术的新进展．钻井液与完井液．2005，22(4-5)．
[2] 鄢捷年．钻井液工艺学．北京：石油大学出版社，2003．
[3] 王松等．深井钻井完井液技术．石油钻探技术．1999．
[4] 张克勤等．深井钻井液技术发展趋势．深井钻井试油及装备技术研讨会论文集．
[5] 胡德云．超高密度p≥13.00gcm~3钻井液的研究与应用．钻井液与完井液，2004，24(5)．
[6] SPE 80211
[7] SPE 87126
[8] SPE 87168
[9] SPE 87130
[10] new technology magazine, 2004, 12.
[11] 刘保双等．国外无侵害钻井液技术．钻井液与完井液．2005，22(3)．
[12] Relio Santos and Jesus Olaya. No-Damage Drilling: How to Achieve this Challenging Goal. SPE 7718 9～11
[13] 徐同台等．钻井工程井壁稳定新技术．北京：石油工业出版社．1999．
[14] SPE 90130
[15] World Oil, 2003, june
[16] SPE/IADC 85324
[17] 蒋希文等．钻井事故与复杂问题．石油工业出版社．2004．
[18] 徐同台等．防漏堵漏技术．石油工业出版社．1997．
[19] 王平全等．钻井液处理剂及作用原理．石油工业出版社．2003．
[20] 黄汉仁等．泥浆工艺原理．石油工业出版社．1981．
[21] 王实其等．川东硬脆性泥页岩防塌钻井液的优选．钻井工程井壁稳定新技术．1999．
[22] 李晓阳．川东地区泥页岩坍塌原因分析及防塌措施．钻井工程井壁稳定新技术．1999．
[23] 郑有成．川东北地区恶性井漏处理技术探索．天然气工业．2003，23(6)．
[24] 梁大川等．川东地区二叠系梁山组地层井壁不稳定机理及对策．钻井工艺．2001，24(1)．
[25] 王维斌．川东宣汉～开江地区恶性井漏特征及地质因素．天然气工业．2005，25(2)．
[26] 鄢捷年等．钻井液防塌效果的综合评价方法．石油大学学报．1999，23(1)．
[27] 周华安．川东储层保护的钻井完井液技术．石油钻采工艺．1995，17(5)．
[28] 周华安等．强抑制封堵性防塌钻井液研究及应用．钻采工艺．1996，19(2)．
[30] 张敬荣等．深井长裸眼堵漏技术．钻采工艺．2001，24(3)．
[31] 屈东升．川东高陡构造井塌原因及防塌措施研究．钻采工艺．2000，23(5)．
[31] 胥永杰等．四川盆地高陡构造碳酸盐岩钻井技术发展方向．天然气工业．2000，20(3)．
[32] 雷宗明等．井眼稳定理论在川东地区的应用．石油钻采工艺．1996，18(5)．
[33] 李荫柑．对四川井漏情况和桥塞堵漏的初步研讨．钻采工艺．
[34] 周华安等。强抑制封堵性防塌钻井液研究及应用．钻采工艺．
[35] Prtroleum Abstracts No. 709048
[2] 鄢捷年．钻井液工艺学．北京：石油大学出版社，2003．
[3] 王松等．深井钻井完井液技术．石油钻探技术．1999．
[4] 张克勤等．深井钻井液技术发展趋势．深井钻井试油及装备技术研讨会论文集．
[5] 胡德云．超高密度p≥13.00gcm~3钻井液的研究与应用．钻井液与完井液，2004，24(5)．
[6] SPE 80211
[7] SPE 87126
[8] SPE 87168
[9] SPE 87130
[10] new technology magazine, 2004, 12.
[11] 刘保双等．国外无侵害钻井液技术．钻井液与完井液．2005，22(3)．
[12] Relio Santos and Jesus Olaya. No-Damage Drilling: How to Achieve this Challenging Goal. SPE 7718 9～11
[13] 徐同台等．钻井工程井壁稳定新技术．北京：石油工业出版社．1999．
[14] SPE 90130
[15] World Oil, 2003, june
[16] SPE/IADC 85324
[17] 蒋希文等．钻井事故与复杂问题．石油工业出版社．2004．
[18] 徐同台等．防漏堵漏技术．石油工业出版社．1997．
[19] 王平全等．钻井液处理剂及作用原理．石油工业出版社．2003．
[20] 黄汉仁等．泥浆工艺原理．石油工业出版社．1981．
[21] 王实其等．川东硬脆性泥页岩防塌钻井液的优选．钻井工程井壁稳定新技术．1999．
[22] 李晓阳．川东地区泥页岩坍塌原因分析及防塌措施．钻井工程井壁稳定新技术．1999．
[23] 郑有成．川东北地区恶性井漏处理技术探索．天然气工业．2003，23(6)．
[24] 梁大川等．川东地区二叠系梁山组地层井壁不稳定机理及对策．钻井工艺．2001，24(1)．
[25] 王维斌．川东宣汉～开江地区恶性井漏特征及地质因素．天然气工业．2005，25(2)．
[26] 鄢捷年等．钻井液防塌效果的综合评价方法．石油大学学报．1999，23(1)．
[27] 周华安．川东储层保护的钻井完井液技术．石油钻采工艺．1995，17(5)．
[28] 周华安等．强抑制封堵性防塌钻井液研究及应用．钻采工艺．1996，19(2)．
[30] 张敬荣等．深井长裸眼堵漏技术．钻采工艺．2001，24(3)．
[31] 屈东升．川东高陡构造井塌原因及防塌措施研究．钻采工艺．2000，23(5)．
[31] 胥永杰等．四川盆地高陡构造碳酸盐岩钻井技术发展方向．天然气工业．2000，20(3)．
[32] 雷宗明等．井眼稳定理论在川东地区的应用．石油钻采工艺．1996，18(5)．
[33] 李荫柑．对四川井漏情况和桥塞堵漏的初步研讨．钻采工艺．
[34] 周华安等。强抑制封堵性防塌钻井液研究及应用．钻采工艺．
[35] Prtroleum Abstracts No. 709048