基于专家决策的钻井液设计研究
摘要
钻井液设计是钻井工程中一个非常重要的环节,钻井液工艺技术是油气钻井工程的重要组成部分。随着钻井难度逐渐增大,该项技术在确保安全、优质、快速钻井中起着越来越重要的作用。钻井液是钻井的血液,它是关系钻井成败的主要因素之一。
目前我国油气钻井工程中使用的钻井液大多是根据设计人员的经验来进行配制,这种设计方法存在许多缺点,特别是大量的经验数据和典型配方得不到有效的保存,专家经验知识得不到有效的吸收。
随着油田管理信息化的不断深入,传统基于实验室的钻井液设计方法已经不适合于新形势的要求。为此,在本论文中,详细讨论了将专家系统的有关理论和技术引入到钻井液设计的方法,从知识获取、知识表示、知识推理等方面来分析和建立钻井液设计专家系统的框架;并构建了基于专家经验知识和配方加量知识的推理模型。
在此基础之上,我们结合先进的计算机技术,建立了开放的钻井液设计专家系统。根据对油井的各个阶段的地层特点,井身结构、钻井措施等具体条件的分析,为我们提供非常科学的设计参数,正确选择钻井液类型,决定相应的合理的钻井措施,提高钻井液配制效率,达到优质快速钻井的目的。
The designing of Drilling fluids is an important step in well drilling engineering .The technology in Drilling fluids is important constituent of oil-gas well drilling engineering .With the difficulties of well drilling raised , it act as more and more important role in ensuring safety, high quality and fast well drilling . Drilling fluids is the flood of well drilling, and is one of the main factor concerning success or fail in well drilling.At present , the Drilling fluids used in oil-gas well drilling engineering in our country is mostly confected through experiment in laboratory by technician who has many experiences .There are many defects designed by this way ,especially many experiences and representative directions for Drilling fluids was not saved effectively , and the experts ' experiential knowledge was not absorbed effectively.With the information management of oil field going deeply , the traditional designing method based on experience in lab does not adapt to the demands of new conditions . So , in this paper , we discuss the method that how to use the theory and technology of ES System in Drilling fluids Designing , and analyse and set up an ES System frame of drilling fluids designing in terms of knowledge acquisition , knowledge show and knowledge reasoning etc . At last we structure a reasoning modal on the basis of the experts' experience knowledge and the adding knowledge of directions for Drilling fluids.Based on this , we build an opening ES System for Drilling fluids design combine with advanced computer technology . It can provide us scientific designing parameters ,correct styles of Drilling fluids and reasonable measures that reach the aim of enhancing confecting efficiency and drilling well with high grade and speed.
目前我国油气钻井工程中使用的钻井液大多是根据设计人员的经验来进行配制,这种设计方法存在许多缺点,特别是大量的经验数据和典型配方得不到有效的保存,专家经验知识得不到有效的吸收。
随着油田管理信息化的不断深入,传统基于实验室的钻井液设计方法已经不适合于新形势的要求。为此,在本论文中,详细讨论了将专家系统的有关理论和技术引入到钻井液设计的方法,从知识获取、知识表示、知识推理等方面来分析和建立钻井液设计专家系统的框架;并构建了基于专家经验知识和配方加量知识的推理模型。
在此基础之上,我们结合先进的计算机技术,建立了开放的钻井液设计专家系统。根据对油井的各个阶段的地层特点,井身结构、钻井措施等具体条件的分析,为我们提供非常科学的设计参数,正确选择钻井液类型,决定相应的合理的钻井措施,提高钻井液配制效率,达到优质快速钻井的目的。
The designing of Drilling fluids is an important step in well drilling engineering .The technology in Drilling fluids is important constituent of oil-gas well drilling engineering .With the difficulties of well drilling raised , it act as more and more important role in ensuring safety, high quality and fast well drilling . Drilling fluids is the flood of well drilling, and is one of the main factor concerning success or fail in well drilling.At present , the Drilling fluids used in oil-gas well drilling engineering in our country is mostly confected through experiment in laboratory by technician who has many experiences .There are many defects designed by this way ,especially many experiences and representative directions for Drilling fluids was not saved effectively , and the experts ' experiential knowledge was not absorbed effectively.With the information management of oil field going deeply , the traditional designing method based on experience in lab does not adapt to the demands of new conditions . So , in this paper , we discuss the method that how to use the theory and technology of ES System in Drilling fluids Designing , and analyse and set up an ES System frame of drilling fluids designing in terms of knowledge acquisition , knowledge show and knowledge reasoning etc . At last we structure a reasoning modal on the basis of the experts' experience knowledge and the adding knowledge of directions for Drilling fluids.Based on this , we build an opening ES System for Drilling fluids design combine with advanced computer technology . It can provide us scientific designing parameters ,correct styles of Drilling fluids and reasonable measures that reach the aim of enhancing confecting efficiency and drilling well with high grade and speed.
引文
[1] 鄢捷年 钻井液工艺学.山东:石油大学出版社,2001
[2] [美]H.C.H达利,G.R.格雷.钻井液和完井液的组分与性能.北京:石油工业出版社,1994
[3] 王平全,周世良.钻井液处理剂及其作用原理.北京:石油工业出版社,2003.9
[4] 李克向等.国外大位移钻井液技术.北京:石油工业出版社,1998
[5] 徐同台,赵忠举.21世纪初国外钻井液和完井液技术.北京;石油工业出版社,2004
[6] 何远信.钻井液技术展望.探矿工程,1999(1)
[7] 国外钻井液新技术,钻井液与完井液,2002,17(2)
[8] 钻井液与完井液编辑部,钻井液材料手册,1987年1月
[9] 张克勤、陈乐亮.钻井技术手册(二).北京:石油工业出版社,1988年5月
[10] 吴隆杰、杨风霞.钻井液处理剂—胶体化学原理.成都;成都科技大学出版社,1992年
[11] 李世忠主编.钻探工艺学.北京:地质出版社,1981年
[12] 杨明奇.充气泡沫无固相钻井液的试用效果.探矿工程,94年第3期第42页
[13] 陈资源.采用CPAN-KHm低固相泥浆钻进复杂地层.探矿工程,92(4)
[14] 谭愈荣.复合胶质泡沫钻井液.探矿工程,96年(3)
[15] 王秉晋.应用充气泡沫泥浆效益显著.探矿工程,93(2)
[16] 范维庆.正电胶泥浆的研究与应用,钻井液与完井液.1997(1)
[17] 张育慈,屏蔽聚磺钾钻井液解决KS-1#超高压粘卡问题.钻井液与完井液,1994(3)
[18] 李健鹰.K-AHM淡水防塌钻井液.钻井液与完井液,1988(2)
[19] 蔺志鹏.无粘土聚合物钻井液在丛式钻并液中的应用.钻井液与完井液,1999(2)
[20] 张兴礼,复合离子聚合物高密度钻井液实践.钻井液与完井液,99(6)
[21] 孙德军.一种新型钻井液体系一姗川钻井液.钻井液与完井液,91(1)
[22] 傅京孙.蔡自兴,徐光佑.人工智能及其应用.北京:清华大学出版社,1987
[23] 何华灿.人工智能引论.西安:西北工业大学出版社,1988
[24] 胡守仁,余少波,戴葵.人工智能系统原理与设计.国防科技大学出版社, 1988
[25] 王江晴,陈幼均.人工智能技术的分析与研究.武汉科技学院学报.2002年,01期:88-90
[26] 尹朝庆,尹皓.人工智能与专家系统.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002
[37] 危辉,潘云鹤.从知识表示到表示:人工智能认识论上的进步.计算机研究与发展.2000(07)
[38] 刘西瑞,王汉倚.人工智能中的形式化问题.自然辩证法研究.2002年,08期
[39] 钻井手册(甲方)
[40] 海洋钻井手册
[41] 钻井液技术手册.中海石油技术服务公司
[42] MUD FACTS ENGINEERING HANDBOOK.A Baker Hughes Company
[43] 钻井液计算程序说明书.石油大学(北京)石油工程系2000.7
[44] 建立数据库用微机进行钻井液设计.钻井液与完井液95.1
[2] [美]H.C.H达利,G.R.格雷.钻井液和完井液的组分与性能.北京:石油工业出版社,1994
[3] 王平全,周世良.钻井液处理剂及其作用原理.北京:石油工业出版社,2003.9
[4] 李克向等.国外大位移钻井液技术.北京:石油工业出版社,1998
[5] 徐同台,赵忠举.21世纪初国外钻井液和完井液技术.北京;石油工业出版社,2004
[6] 何远信.钻井液技术展望.探矿工程,1999(1)
[7] 国外钻井液新技术,钻井液与完井液,2002,17(2)
[8] 钻井液与完井液编辑部,钻井液材料手册,1987年1月
[9] 张克勤、陈乐亮.钻井技术手册(二).北京:石油工业出版社,1988年5月
[10] 吴隆杰、杨风霞.钻井液处理剂—胶体化学原理.成都;成都科技大学出版社,1992年
[11] 李世忠主编.钻探工艺学.北京:地质出版社,1981年
[12] 杨明奇.充气泡沫无固相钻井液的试用效果.探矿工程,94年第3期第42页
[13] 陈资源.采用CPAN-KHm低固相泥浆钻进复杂地层.探矿工程,92(4)
[14] 谭愈荣.复合胶质泡沫钻井液.探矿工程,96年(3)
[15] 王秉晋.应用充气泡沫泥浆效益显著.探矿工程,93(2)
[16] 范维庆.正电胶泥浆的研究与应用,钻井液与完井液.1997(1)
[17] 张育慈,屏蔽聚磺钾钻井液解决KS-1#超高压粘卡问题.钻井液与完井液,1994(3)
[18] 李健鹰.K-AHM淡水防塌钻井液.钻井液与完井液,1988(2)
[19] 蔺志鹏.无粘土聚合物钻井液在丛式钻并液中的应用.钻井液与完井液,1999(2)
[20] 张兴礼,复合离子聚合物高密度钻井液实践.钻井液与完井液,99(6)
[21] 孙德军.一种新型钻井液体系一姗川钻井液.钻井液与完井液,91(1)
[22] 傅京孙.蔡自兴,徐光佑.人工智能及其应用.北京:清华大学出版社,1987
[23] 何华灿.人工智能引论.西安:西北工业大学出版社,1988
[24] 胡守仁,余少波,戴葵.人工智能系统原理与设计.国防科技大学出版社, 1988
[25] 王江晴,陈幼均.人工智能技术的分析与研究.武汉科技学院学报.2002年,01期:88-90
[26] 尹朝庆,尹皓.人工智能与专家系统.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002
[37] 危辉,潘云鹤.从知识表示到表示:人工智能认识论上的进步.计算机研究与发展.2000(07)
[38] 刘西瑞,王汉倚.人工智能中的形式化问题.自然辩证法研究.2002年,08期
[39] 钻井手册(甲方)
[40] 海洋钻井手册
[41] 钻井液技术手册.中海石油技术服务公司
[42] MUD FACTS ENGINEERING HANDBOOK.A Baker Hughes Company
[43] 钻井液计算程序说明书.石油大学(北京)石油工程系2000.7
[44] 建立数据库用微机进行钻井液设计.钻井液与完井液95.1