地面摄影测量在井架变形监测中的应用
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摘要
近年来,随着科学技术的进步,井架变形监测越来越得到冶金、采矿、采煤、石油钻探等单位的重视,井架变形监测的手段、方法、精度、效率等也已经成为上述行业和测绘工作者共同关注的重要问题。
本文首先简述了井架变形监测的几种方法后,重点讨论了井架变形监测的地面摄影测量方法。接着,通过对武钢程潮铁矿主井井架变形监测的试验,比较详尽地阐述了井架变形监测中摄影标志设计、摄影站选择、摄影方式的安排、现场摄影与摄影处理以及像片量测等环节的主要问题,同时在西门子计算机上,利用光束法平差程序,计算分析了三种方案,即利用6个控制点的平差计算分析,利用4个控制点的平差计算分析和没有控制点的平差计算分析,并通过对武钢程潮铁矿主井井架变形监测三种方案计算结果与试验的比较,分析了三种方案的测量精度。结果表明,前两种方案的精度较高,第三种方案的精度稍差,但三种方案的计算结果均能满足井架变形监测的精度要求,说明采用地面摄影测量方法进行井架变形监测是可行的,值得在实际工程中推广应用。
In recent years,science technology gets developing.It is more and more important of well transform a monitor to metallurgy,mining,coal and petroleum to explore etc.,and the means,method,accuracy and efficiency of transform the monitor in the well are the main things to these units and surveying worker.
The paper introduces a few methods of well transform monitor firstly,emphasizes the method of ground photograph to measure of transform the monitor in the well. Secondly,the article elaborates design of photograph marking of transform the monitor in the well,choice of photograph station,arrangement of photograph way,the problem of the spot photograph with photograph processing and be like a slice of measurement by experiencing transform monitor of the main shelf in WuGang Chengchao iron mine.In addition,it calculates and analyzes three schemes using light beam method at Siemens calculation.that is to say,calculating of using 6 control points,4 control points and no control point.By analysizing result of three ways of transform monitor to WuGang Chengchao iron mine,the paper Elaborates the necessity and possibility of transform the monitor in the well by the method of ground photograph to measure.We can conclude two former projects is worth to recommend,and the third project is also worth to reference.But,all three methods can achieve the precision demand of well transform monitor.It also shows well transform monitor by using the way of ground photograph to measure is possible and is worth to applicate widely.
本文首先简述了井架变形监测的几种方法后,重点讨论了井架变形监测的地面摄影测量方法。接着,通过对武钢程潮铁矿主井井架变形监测的试验,比较详尽地阐述了井架变形监测中摄影标志设计、摄影站选择、摄影方式的安排、现场摄影与摄影处理以及像片量测等环节的主要问题,同时在西门子计算机上,利用光束法平差程序,计算分析了三种方案,即利用6个控制点的平差计算分析,利用4个控制点的平差计算分析和没有控制点的平差计算分析,并通过对武钢程潮铁矿主井井架变形监测三种方案计算结果与试验的比较,分析了三种方案的测量精度。结果表明,前两种方案的精度较高,第三种方案的精度稍差,但三种方案的计算结果均能满足井架变形监测的精度要求,说明采用地面摄影测量方法进行井架变形监测是可行的,值得在实际工程中推广应用。
In recent years,science technology gets developing.It is more and more important of well transform a monitor to metallurgy,mining,coal and petroleum to explore etc.,and the means,method,accuracy and efficiency of transform the monitor in the well are the main things to these units and surveying worker.
The paper introduces a few methods of well transform monitor firstly,emphasizes the method of ground photograph to measure of transform the monitor in the well. Secondly,the article elaborates design of photograph marking of transform the monitor in the well,choice of photograph station,arrangement of photograph way,the problem of the spot photograph with photograph processing and be like a slice of measurement by experiencing transform monitor of the main shelf in WuGang Chengchao iron mine.In addition,it calculates and analyzes three schemes using light beam method at Siemens calculation.that is to say,calculating of using 6 control points,4 control points and no control point.By analysizing result of three ways of transform monitor to WuGang Chengchao iron mine,the paper Elaborates the necessity and possibility of transform the monitor in the well by the method of ground photograph to measure.We can conclude two former projects is worth to recommend,and the third project is also worth to reference.But,all three methods can achieve the precision demand of well transform monitor.It also shows well transform monitor by using the way of ground photograph to measure is possible and is worth to applicate widely.
引文
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[2]BM谢尔文科夫.摄影测量在工业与民用建筑中的应用.测绘出版社.
[3]丁窘辋、刘友光、张松波编.工程摄影测量.武汉测绘科技大学,1986年.
[4]冯文灏.非地形摄影测量.测绘出版社,1985年11月.
[5]朱肇光导编.摄影测量学.测绘出版社,1986年.
[6]测绘词典.上海辞书出版社,1981年.
[7]吴鏱明等.近景摄影器构形问题的讨论.工程测量,1988年3月.
[8]李青岳,陈永奇.工程测量学.(第2版)测绘出版社,1995.
[9]陈永奇主编.高等应用测量.武汉:武汉测绘科技大学出版社,1996.
[10]李德仁.误差处理和可靠性理论.北京:测绘出版社,1998.
[11]於宗俦,于正林.测量平差原理.武汉,武汉测绘科技大学出版社,1990.
[12]陈永奇.变形观测误差处理.北京:测绘出版社,1988.
[13]陈永奇,吴子安等.变形监测分析与预报.北京:测绘出版社,1998.
[14]张正禄,吴栋才等.精密工程测量.北京:测绘出版社,1992.
[15]吴翼麟,孔祥元等.特种精密工程测量.北京:测绘出版社,1993.
[16]孔祥元,梅是义.控制测量学.北京测绘出版社,1993.
[17]黄维彬.近代平差理论及应用.北京,解放军出版社,1992.
[18]佩尔策编著,张正禄编译.现代工程测量控制网的理论及应用.北京,测绘出版社,1989.
[19]中国建筑工业出版社.工程建设标准规范分类汇编,测量规范.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997.
[20]邵锡惠.军事工程摄影测量.北京,解放军出版社,1991.
[21]李广云.工业三维坐标测量系统的最新进展.测绘通报,1998(10).
[22]李广云,张良琚等.光束法平差在工业测量系统TSST中的应用.军测学报,1996(3).
[23]冯文灏.近景摄影测量.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2002.
[24]常本义.关于非量测数字相机内方位元素和像差的测定与改正.西安测绘研究所学报,1999,(2).
[25]王邦康等.X线头影和模型视频立体测量的建立.中华口腔医学杂志,2000.35(3).
[26]FUJIWARA S,ROSEN P A.Crustal Deformation Measurements Using Repeat-pass JERS-1 Synthetic Radar Interferometry Near the Izu Peninsula,Japan [J].Journal of Geophysical Resrarch,1998,103(B2).
[27]EICHEL P H,GHIGLIA D C,et al.Spotlight SAR Interferometric Change Detection[R].[s.1.]:SandiaNational Labs Tech Report,1993.
[28]WADDELLP,EVANSDJ.UrbanSim:Modeling Urban Development for land Use,Transportation and Environmental Planning[J].Journal of American Planning Association,2002,68(3).
[29]ZHU J,SANTERRE R,CHANG X W.A Bayesian Method for Linear,Inequality-constrained Adjustment andItsApplication to GPS Positin[J].J Geod,2005(190).
[30]JUNHUAN P.An Aggregate Constraint Method for Inequality-constrained Least Squares Problem I-J].JGeod,2005(191).
[31]张正禄等.工程测量学.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2006.6.
[32]高俊强,缭凯等.建筑物沉降观测精度指标的研究.南京建筑工程学院学报,2001.
[33]高俊强,严伟标.工程监测技术.北京:国防工业出版社,2005.12.
[34]黄声享等.变形监测数据处理.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004.7.
[35]中华人民共和国国家标准.建筑变形测量规程(JGJ/T8-1997).1997.
[36]吴子安.工程建筑物变形观测数据处理.北京:测绘出版社,1989.
[37]夏才初,潘国荣.土木工程监测技术.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.