烟气脱硝SCR催化剂的性能研究
摘要
随着经济的发展,各种燃煤锅炉使用过程中排放的氮氧化物含量在逐渐增加。氮氧化物是导致光化学烟雾、酸雨、臭氧空洞和温室效应等环境问题的原因之一。选择性催化还原作为一种有效的氮氧化物控制方法越来越受到重视,其关键就是制备出选择性和活性高的SCR催化剂。本文采用浸渍法制备了钒钛系列催化剂,对氧气浓度、空速和二氧化硫浓度等因素对催化剂的影响进行了研究；同时对催化剂活性组分组成和煅烧温度等制备工艺条件对催化剂脱硝活性的影响进行了考察。在相同情况下,V2O5(1.5)-WO3/TiO2的脱硝活性最高,在氨氮比为1,氧气体积分数为1%,空速为10000h-1,温度为450℃条件下,脱硝率为99%。本文制备了锰钛系列催化剂,考察了制各方法、催化剂组分组成和制备条件对催化剂的影响,实验结果表明采用Nb改性的锰钛系列催化剂对高浓度水蒸气和SO2的抗性有较为明显的改善,在氨氮比为1,O2浓度为1%,空速为10000h-1,1000ppmSO2和12%水蒸气存在下Nb(0.1)-Mn-Ce-TiO2的脱硝活性在160℃能达到82.8%。
With the rapid economic development, the emission of nitrogen oxides has been increasing every year in our country. NOx is associated with a host of environmental issues, including the photochemical smog, the acid rain,the hole in the ozone layer and the greenhouse effect. Selective catalytic reduction(SCR) of NOx with NH3 has been getting more and more attention what is an effective control method for NOx. The key of SCR is preparation of high selectivity and activity SCR catalysts. In this thesis,vanadium titanium catalysts were prepared by impregnation method. The effects of the SCR operating parameters including O2 concentration,space velocity,SO2 concentration on the activities of vanadium titanium catalysts were investigated. The preparation of the catalysts was studied in details on the composition and calcination temperature, which significantly influenced the activities of the catalysts.The conversion percentage of NOx reached 99.0% on the V2O5(1.5)-WO3/TiO2 catalyst under the condition:ammonia ratio=1, concentration of 02=1%, temperature=450℃, SV=10000h-1. In this thesis,manganese titanium catalysts were also prepared by sol-gel, impregnation and coprecipitation methods for low-temperature SCR of NOx with NH3. The effects of the preparation method, catalyst composition and preparation conditions on the activities of manganese titanium catalysts were investigated. The experimental results showed that the manganese titanium catalysts modified by Nb in impregnation enhanced resistance of catalyst towards high concentration steam and SO2. The conversion percentage of NOx reached 82.8% on the Nb(0.1)-Mn-Ce-TiO2 catalyst under the condition:ammonia ratio=1, concentration of 02=1%, concentration of SO2=1000ppm, temperature=160℃, SV=10000h-1, concentration of steam=12%.
With the rapid economic development, the emission of nitrogen oxides has been increasing every year in our country. NOx is associated with a host of environmental issues, including the photochemical smog, the acid rain,the hole in the ozone layer and the greenhouse effect. Selective catalytic reduction(SCR) of NOx with NH3 has been getting more and more attention what is an effective control method for NOx. The key of SCR is preparation of high selectivity and activity SCR catalysts. In this thesis,vanadium titanium catalysts were prepared by impregnation method. The effects of the SCR operating parameters including O2 concentration,space velocity,SO2 concentration on the activities of vanadium titanium catalysts were investigated. The preparation of the catalysts was studied in details on the composition and calcination temperature, which significantly influenced the activities of the catalysts.The conversion percentage of NOx reached 99.0% on the V2O5(1.5)-WO3/TiO2 catalyst under the condition:ammonia ratio=1, concentration of 02=1%, temperature=450℃, SV=10000h-1. In this thesis,manganese titanium catalysts were also prepared by sol-gel, impregnation and coprecipitation methods for low-temperature SCR of NOx with NH3. The effects of the preparation method, catalyst composition and preparation conditions on the activities of manganese titanium catalysts were investigated. The experimental results showed that the manganese titanium catalysts modified by Nb in impregnation enhanced resistance of catalyst towards high concentration steam and SO2. The conversion percentage of NOx reached 82.8% on the Nb(0.1)-Mn-Ce-TiO2 catalyst under the condition:ammonia ratio=1, concentration of 02=1%, concentration of SO2=1000ppm, temperature=160℃, SV=10000h-1, concentration of steam=12%.
引文
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