三氧化二钒生产废水中高浓度氨氮脱除的工业性研究
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摘要
本课题研究了吹脱法净化三氧化二钒(V_2O_3)生产过程中产生的高浓度氨氮废水。
攀枝花钢铁集团攀宏钒制品有限公司三氧化二钒生产过程中产生浓度较高的氨氮废水，如直接排放将会对金沙江水体造成恶劣影响。废水中氨氮的脱除有生物法和物理—化学法。在对现场情况进行了充分调研，以及综合考虑技术可行性和经济合理性的前提下，课题采用吹脱法进行处理。吹脱法脱氨具有投资少、运行成本低、工艺简单、易于改造等特点，是适合工业化应用的氨氮脱除技术。
本研究对该技术进行了全面的机理研究、实验室试验、中等试验以及工业性研究，确定pH值、温度、吹脱时间是影响氨氮脱除效率的主要因素。在废水水温80℃、pH 11.5的情况下，对1.5m~3废水进行吹脱除氨，处理时间90分钟时，出水NH_3-N浓度全部达到(GB8978-1996)污水综合排放一级标准值15mg／l以下，平均值为8.98mg／l，通过延长反应时间可使废水中氨氮浓度进一步脱除至1mg／l以下。在处理过程中COD_(cr)，和SS也得以去除，出水平均浓度分别为37.5mg／l和14.5mg／l。出水的pH值高于一级排放标准的6～9，不能直接排放，但部分出水可回用于石灰消解工序，其余出水经加酸调节后可作为工艺冲洗水或外排。采用硫酸对吹脱出的氨完全吸收，产生的硫酸铵稀溶液回用于三氧化二钒生产工艺中的洗涤工序，避免二次污染的产生。本课题采用间断试验为主，采用多台设备的异步操作可以实现废水的连续处理。
本课题的研究可为吹脱法净化高浓度氨氮废水的工程设计提供理论指导和设计依据，工程运行后将为攀宏公司每年节约费用296.5万元，每年将减少向金沙江排放NH_3-N约1555.2吨。
Air stripping had been studied to remove the high concentration of ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) from vanadium sesquioxide (V2O3) wastewater in this project.
High concentration of ammonia-nitrogen wastewater was drained off in the production of vanadium sesquioxide (V2O3) in Panzhihua Steel Group Panhong Vanadium Production Ltd. If this wastewater were emitted into Jinsha River directly, the water system would be deeply suffered. Biotechnology and physic-chemical technology can be used to remove ammonia-nitrogen from wastewater. Air stripping had been selected to deal with wastewater after considered feasibility of technology and economy. Air stripping, featured with low capital, low operating cost, simple installation and ease retrofit, was emerged as an available NH3-N control technology, which is suited for the industrial application.
In this study, involving mechatiism investigation, the bench-scale experiment, middle experiment and industrial research, the results showed that the value of pH, the temperature and the time of air stripping were three main factors that could effect the efficiency of removing NH3-N. At the temperature of 80 , the PH of 11.5 and the removal time of 90min, the average concentration of NH3-N in outlet water was 8.98mg/l, which was satisfactory for grade- I of Integrated Emission Standard of Wastewater (GB8978-1996). By delaying the removing time, the concentration of NH3-N in the wastewater could be decreased under lmg/1. CODcr and SS had also been removed in this process. The average concentration of CODcr in outlet water was 37.5 mg/1, and the average concentration of SS was 14.5 mg/1. The value of pH in outlet water was higher than grade- I of Emission Standard (6-9), so this water were not permitted to emit. But a certain quantity of the water could be reused in the working procedure of hydrolyzing calcare
ousness, and the remains could be reused as washing water or emitted directly after neutralization by acid. The volatilized ammonia in removing process had been absorbed completely by using vitriol, which could produce dilute ammonium sulfate that should be reused in washing process in V2O3 production, which could avoid secondary pollution. This study
focused on the discontinuous experiment. The continuing removing system would be realized if several equipments were operated as asynchronous working.
Undoubtedly, this study provided the theoretical guidelines and quantitative basis for the engineering design of removing the high concentration of NH3-N from wastewater by air stripping. If the removing system was set up, it could save 2.965 million Yuan for Panhong Vanadium Production Ltd. every year, and 1555.2 ton NH3-N would be cut down that were not emitted into Jinsha River.
攀枝花钢铁集团攀宏钒制品有限公司三氧化二钒生产过程中产生浓度较高的氨氮废水，如直接排放将会对金沙江水体造成恶劣影响。废水中氨氮的脱除有生物法和物理—化学法。在对现场情况进行了充分调研，以及综合考虑技术可行性和经济合理性的前提下，课题采用吹脱法进行处理。吹脱法脱氨具有投资少、运行成本低、工艺简单、易于改造等特点，是适合工业化应用的氨氮脱除技术。
本研究对该技术进行了全面的机理研究、实验室试验、中等试验以及工业性研究，确定pH值、温度、吹脱时间是影响氨氮脱除效率的主要因素。在废水水温80℃、pH 11.5的情况下，对1.5m~3废水进行吹脱除氨，处理时间90分钟时，出水NH_3-N浓度全部达到(GB8978-1996)污水综合排放一级标准值15mg／l以下，平均值为8.98mg／l，通过延长反应时间可使废水中氨氮浓度进一步脱除至1mg／l以下。在处理过程中COD_(cr)，和SS也得以去除，出水平均浓度分别为37.5mg／l和14.5mg／l。出水的pH值高于一级排放标准的6～9，不能直接排放，但部分出水可回用于石灰消解工序，其余出水经加酸调节后可作为工艺冲洗水或外排。采用硫酸对吹脱出的氨完全吸收，产生的硫酸铵稀溶液回用于三氧化二钒生产工艺中的洗涤工序，避免二次污染的产生。本课题采用间断试验为主，采用多台设备的异步操作可以实现废水的连续处理。
本课题的研究可为吹脱法净化高浓度氨氮废水的工程设计提供理论指导和设计依据，工程运行后将为攀宏公司每年节约费用296.5万元，每年将减少向金沙江排放NH_3-N约1555.2吨。
Air stripping had been studied to remove the high concentration of ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) from vanadium sesquioxide (V2O3) wastewater in this project.
High concentration of ammonia-nitrogen wastewater was drained off in the production of vanadium sesquioxide (V2O3) in Panzhihua Steel Group Panhong Vanadium Production Ltd. If this wastewater were emitted into Jinsha River directly, the water system would be deeply suffered. Biotechnology and physic-chemical technology can be used to remove ammonia-nitrogen from wastewater. Air stripping had been selected to deal with wastewater after considered feasibility of technology and economy. Air stripping, featured with low capital, low operating cost, simple installation and ease retrofit, was emerged as an available NH3-N control technology, which is suited for the industrial application.
In this study, involving mechatiism investigation, the bench-scale experiment, middle experiment and industrial research, the results showed that the value of pH, the temperature and the time of air stripping were three main factors that could effect the efficiency of removing NH3-N. At the temperature of 80 , the PH of 11.5 and the removal time of 90min, the average concentration of NH3-N in outlet water was 8.98mg/l, which was satisfactory for grade- I of Integrated Emission Standard of Wastewater (GB8978-1996). By delaying the removing time, the concentration of NH3-N in the wastewater could be decreased under lmg/1. CODcr and SS had also been removed in this process. The average concentration of CODcr in outlet water was 37.5 mg/1, and the average concentration of SS was 14.5 mg/1. The value of pH in outlet water was higher than grade- I of Emission Standard (6-9), so this water were not permitted to emit. But a certain quantity of the water could be reused in the working procedure of hydrolyzing calcare
ousness, and the remains could be reused as washing water or emitted directly after neutralization by acid. The volatilized ammonia in removing process had been absorbed completely by using vitriol, which could produce dilute ammonium sulfate that should be reused in washing process in V2O3 production, which could avoid secondary pollution. This study
focused on the discontinuous experiment. The continuing removing system would be realized if several equipments were operated as asynchronous working.
Undoubtedly, this study provided the theoretical guidelines and quantitative basis for the engineering design of removing the high concentration of NH3-N from wastewater by air stripping. If the removing system was set up, it could save 2.965 million Yuan for Panhong Vanadium Production Ltd. every year, and 1555.2 ton NH3-N would be cut down that were not emitted into Jinsha River.
引文
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