利用可控气氛热喷涂方法制备复合材料涂层的研究
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摘要
低度真空条件下进行热喷涂的技术(简称低压喷涂)是近年来才出现的一种新技术。利用这种新的热喷涂工艺可以制备出具有极低氧含量的涂层,在易氧化材料涂层和生物医学涂层制备等方面已经获得了一些成功的应用。
本文设计了一种新型的低压喷涂装置,它可以同时利用两个相互独立的喷涂枪体来完成涂层的制备。采用这种方法可以灵活地设计并制备各种金属-金属复合涂层和陶瓷-金属复合涂层,不但为复合材料涂层的制备提供了一种新工艺,也为利用热喷涂制备块体复合材料提供了一种新的途径。
首先,采用所研究的低压热喷涂方法制备了多种单一金属材料的涂层,分析了涂层中喷涂粒子的结合形态,测定了氧化物的含量和分布,并通过加压和加热等方法探讨了对涂层进行后处理的工艺,其目的在于探讨一种能使涂层中晶粒穿越先期氧化物边界生长,并形成冶金结合的工艺。在研究了低压喷涂基体金属形态的基础上,采用该种喷涂方法制备了具有极低含氧量的Ti涂层,分析了其中氧化物、氮化物的数量和分布,为其在耐腐蚀涂层和生物医学涂层方面的应用提供了一些有用的基础数据。
采用低压环境下的双枪喷涂技术,成功地制备了多种金属-金属和陶瓷-金属复合涂层,研究了各种涂层中组织、成分和相组成的特点和规律,并对这些涂层进行了硬度、结合强度、耐磨性等方面的力学性能试验,分析了这些涂层组织和成分形成的过程和规律,为今后灵活设计各种复合材料涂层提供了理论依据。研究中还采用低压喷涂技术制备了梯度涂层,获得了组织、成分和性能连续变化的涂层结构,对其成形规律和工艺要素进行比较细致的分析,为梯度涂层的制备提供了一种新的思路。
Thermal spraying under low vacuum condition (i.e. low pressure spray) is one of the new technologies developed in recent several years. Take advantage of this new kind of thermal spray technology, coatings with very low oxygen can be prepared. Which has been successful applied in the materials with easy oxidation and biomedical properties.
A new type of low-pressure spraying device has been designed in this work. Two separate spraying guns can simultaneously be used to complete the preparation of coating. These approaches can flexibly design and preparation of various metal-metal composite coating and ceramic-metal composite coatings. It has provided a new technology not only for composite coating, but also offers a new way for the preparation of bulk composite materials by using thermal spraying.
First, many kinds of sole metallic material coatings were prepared by using the low pressure thermal spraying method we developed. The connected morphologies between the spraying granule, the oxide compound content and the distribution in the coating have been analyzed and determined. Furthermore, through methods of such as compression and heating, the post-processing to the coating was discussed in order to investigate the ability of crystal grains traversing the oxide compound boundary to grow in the coating as well as the technique of formation of metallurgical combination between the parent metal and coating. Based on the study of the morphology in the low pressure spraying, Ti coating with extremely low oxygen content was prepared. The oxide compound, nitride quantity and the distribution were analyzed, which has provided some useful essential data for its application in the anti-corrosive coating and the biomedicine coating.
Second, many metal-metal and ceramic-metal composite coatings were successfully produced using twin gun spraying technology under low-voltage. The microstructure, the composition and the characteristics and distribution of the constituent phases of the coating were investigated. The mechanical testing, such as hardness, strength, wear resistance of the coating were carried out in order to analyze the mechanism related to the composition formation processes during thermal spraying, which provides the academic background and rules for the flexible design of various composite coating in the future. Research also focuses on gradient coating and its related properties such as the microstructure, composition and continuous changes in the mechanical properties of the coating obtained by using low pressure spraying. Detailed analysis was given access to the forming rules and technological essential. Which provides a new way of thinking for preparation of gradient coating.
本文设计了一种新型的低压喷涂装置,它可以同时利用两个相互独立的喷涂枪体来完成涂层的制备。采用这种方法可以灵活地设计并制备各种金属-金属复合涂层和陶瓷-金属复合涂层,不但为复合材料涂层的制备提供了一种新工艺,也为利用热喷涂制备块体复合材料提供了一种新的途径。
首先,采用所研究的低压热喷涂方法制备了多种单一金属材料的涂层,分析了涂层中喷涂粒子的结合形态,测定了氧化物的含量和分布,并通过加压和加热等方法探讨了对涂层进行后处理的工艺,其目的在于探讨一种能使涂层中晶粒穿越先期氧化物边界生长,并形成冶金结合的工艺。在研究了低压喷涂基体金属形态的基础上,采用该种喷涂方法制备了具有极低含氧量的Ti涂层,分析了其中氧化物、氮化物的数量和分布,为其在耐腐蚀涂层和生物医学涂层方面的应用提供了一些有用的基础数据。
采用低压环境下的双枪喷涂技术,成功地制备了多种金属-金属和陶瓷-金属复合涂层,研究了各种涂层中组织、成分和相组成的特点和规律,并对这些涂层进行了硬度、结合强度、耐磨性等方面的力学性能试验,分析了这些涂层组织和成分形成的过程和规律,为今后灵活设计各种复合材料涂层提供了理论依据。研究中还采用低压喷涂技术制备了梯度涂层,获得了组织、成分和性能连续变化的涂层结构,对其成形规律和工艺要素进行比较细致的分析,为梯度涂层的制备提供了一种新的思路。
Thermal spraying under low vacuum condition (i.e. low pressure spray) is one of the new technologies developed in recent several years. Take advantage of this new kind of thermal spray technology, coatings with very low oxygen can be prepared. Which has been successful applied in the materials with easy oxidation and biomedical properties.
A new type of low-pressure spraying device has been designed in this work. Two separate spraying guns can simultaneously be used to complete the preparation of coating. These approaches can flexibly design and preparation of various metal-metal composite coating and ceramic-metal composite coatings. It has provided a new technology not only for composite coating, but also offers a new way for the preparation of bulk composite materials by using thermal spraying.
First, many kinds of sole metallic material coatings were prepared by using the low pressure thermal spraying method we developed. The connected morphologies between the spraying granule, the oxide compound content and the distribution in the coating have been analyzed and determined. Furthermore, through methods of such as compression and heating, the post-processing to the coating was discussed in order to investigate the ability of crystal grains traversing the oxide compound boundary to grow in the coating as well as the technique of formation of metallurgical combination between the parent metal and coating. Based on the study of the morphology in the low pressure spraying, Ti coating with extremely low oxygen content was prepared. The oxide compound, nitride quantity and the distribution were analyzed, which has provided some useful essential data for its application in the anti-corrosive coating and the biomedicine coating.
Second, many metal-metal and ceramic-metal composite coatings were successfully produced using twin gun spraying technology under low-voltage. The microstructure, the composition and the characteristics and distribution of the constituent phases of the coating were investigated. The mechanical testing, such as hardness, strength, wear resistance of the coating were carried out in order to analyze the mechanism related to the composition formation processes during thermal spraying, which provides the academic background and rules for the flexible design of various composite coating in the future. Research also focuses on gradient coating and its related properties such as the microstructure, composition and continuous changes in the mechanical properties of the coating obtained by using low pressure spraying. Detailed analysis was given access to the forming rules and technological essential. Which provides a new way of thinking for preparation of gradient coating.
引文
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