规则波浪中回转式起重船的稳性研究
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摘要
随着我国经济建设的发展,对能源需求日益增加。我国加大了对海洋的开发,这些海上工程的施工,对起重船的需求量很大,而起重船的作业环境又非常复杂,因此,保证海洋工程实施项目的安全可靠性成为首要任务。船舶的稳性又是安全性的重要指标,一直是人们关注的热点。现阶段,对起重船稳性的研究都是在静水中进行稳性校核,即稳性曲线是起重船静水中的稳性曲线。但是起重船经常在波浪中作业,而波浪对稳性是有很大影响的。所以,为了保证起重船的稳性满足安全的需要,对起重船在波浪中的稳性进行研究是很有意义的。
本文对起重船在波浪中的稳性进行了研究,主要内容有以下几个方面;
1.研究了回转式起重船在静水中的稳性计算的方法,与规则波浪中的稳性计算方法进行区别;
2.利用前人的研究成果,分析了起重船在波浪中作业时瞬时起重重物而产生巨大的倾覆及在船的两舷带载回转时,巨大的倾覆力矩在短时间内因重物的回转产生的反向力矩对浮态稳性的影响,研究波长,波高,横倾角与复原力臂之间的关系,并建立了可求解的数学模型;
3.建立起重船模型,定义船舶舱室,考虑并确定几种典型的波浪工况和装载工况,对各个工况进行了大倾角稳性计算等。
4.计算出在规则波浪中起重船的复原力臂,并画出了复原力臂曲线,即稳性曲线。通过绘制的稳性曲线分析了船舶在不同波长,不同波高,不同回转角等多种工况下对船舶安全性能的影响。
With the development of economic costruction,the need of energy isincreasing. Our country enlarge the development of ocean and with the increased ocean engineering. more and more floating cranes are required. Because the work environment of floating is very complex, so, its safe reliability is the first problem faced in the assurance of the ocean engineering construction. Stability of ship is one of the most important criteria, has became the focus of people concerned. Currently, study on stability of floating cranes verify were all in still water, stability curve is in still cueve. But floating cranes often encounter waves in sailing and the waves which influenced the stability is very large. For satisfied the need of safe stability of floating cranes,study on the stability in waves has important practical meaning.
The paper studies the stability of floating cranes in waves. Here are the main contents in the paper:
1. Study the calculations of stability revolving floating cranes in still water and distinguish the calculation of the stability in regular waves.
2. Use the people's result, study the instantaneous right moment at lifting cargo when the floating cranes encounter the waves in sailing. And study the relations of wave length, wave height, revolving angle with the right moment, and set up mathmatical model.
3. Set up the model of floating cranes , definite compartment, consider and definite the some typical wave conditions and loadings,calculate the large angle stability under the very conditions.
4. Calculate the right moment of floating cranes in regular waves and draw the right moment cueve, that is stability curve. Through stability curve we can study floating cranes which influence the safe of ship under the conditions of different wave length,different wave height different revolving angle.
本文对起重船在波浪中的稳性进行了研究,主要内容有以下几个方面;
1.研究了回转式起重船在静水中的稳性计算的方法,与规则波浪中的稳性计算方法进行区别;
2.利用前人的研究成果,分析了起重船在波浪中作业时瞬时起重重物而产生巨大的倾覆及在船的两舷带载回转时,巨大的倾覆力矩在短时间内因重物的回转产生的反向力矩对浮态稳性的影响,研究波长,波高,横倾角与复原力臂之间的关系,并建立了可求解的数学模型;
3.建立起重船模型,定义船舶舱室,考虑并确定几种典型的波浪工况和装载工况,对各个工况进行了大倾角稳性计算等。
4.计算出在规则波浪中起重船的复原力臂,并画出了复原力臂曲线,即稳性曲线。通过绘制的稳性曲线分析了船舶在不同波长,不同波高,不同回转角等多种工况下对船舶安全性能的影响。
With the development of economic costruction,the need of energy isincreasing. Our country enlarge the development of ocean and with the increased ocean engineering. more and more floating cranes are required. Because the work environment of floating is very complex, so, its safe reliability is the first problem faced in the assurance of the ocean engineering construction. Stability of ship is one of the most important criteria, has became the focus of people concerned. Currently, study on stability of floating cranes verify were all in still water, stability curve is in still cueve. But floating cranes often encounter waves in sailing and the waves which influenced the stability is very large. For satisfied the need of safe stability of floating cranes,study on the stability in waves has important practical meaning.
The paper studies the stability of floating cranes in waves. Here are the main contents in the paper:
1. Study the calculations of stability revolving floating cranes in still water and distinguish the calculation of the stability in regular waves.
2. Use the people's result, study the instantaneous right moment at lifting cargo when the floating cranes encounter the waves in sailing. And study the relations of wave length, wave height, revolving angle with the right moment, and set up mathmatical model.
3. Set up the model of floating cranes , definite compartment, consider and definite the some typical wave conditions and loadings,calculate the large angle stability under the very conditions.
4. Calculate the right moment of floating cranes in regular waves and draw the right moment cueve, that is stability curve. Through stability curve we can study floating cranes which influence the safe of ship under the conditions of different wave length,different wave height different revolving angle.
引文
[1]王忠复,黄继昌.工程船.国防工业出版社,1984
[2]夏益美.全回转起重作业船稳性研究;(硕士学位论文)。大连理工大学,2006
[3]王学亮.大型起重船在海浪中的运动响应研究;(硕士学位论文)。天津大学,2002
[4]刘振辉,谭家华.超大型海洋工程起重系统发展现状.中国海洋平台,2006,4(2)
[5]Olsen T.O.,Cost Effective Structures with LWA Concrete,Proceedings-Second International Symposium on Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete,Kristiansand,Norway,June 2000
[6]Lund Mathisen L.,Strand E.,Jacobsen S.E.,Summary Structural Examples,SINTEF-report STF22 A98737,Trondheim 1998
[7]张志明,徐丹铮,张超等.大型起重船船型开发的若干技术问题初探.船舶,2005,(1)
[8]广州打捞局网站
[9]上海打捞局网站
[10]张文斌,姚震球,将志勇.船舶稳性理论研究得方法及进展.华东船舶工业学院学报.2002.2,第16卷第1期
[11]孙海涛.船舶波浪稳性的数学模型及在滚装船上的应用.大连海事大学硕士论文.2002.3
[12]盛振邦,杨尚荣,陈雪深.船舶静力学.北京;国防工业出版社.1984
[13]A Mathematical model of motions leading to capsize in astern waves Masami Hamamoto,Abdul Munif Contemporary Ideas on Ship Stability 2000
[14]董艳秋,纪凯,黄衍顺.波浪中船舶横摇稳性的研究.船舶力学.1999年4月第3卷第2期
[15]刘应中,李谊乐,廖国平.船舶在风浪中大幅横摇运动的工程算法.水动力学研究与发展.1995年4月
[16]孔祥金,曹振海,刘楚学.尾斜浪中舰船稳性研究.舰船科学技术.1993,(5)
[17]贺五洲,周正全,程军.水面舰船迎浪艇行时大幅运动预报的切片算法.中国造船.1998,(2)
[18]Haddara.On the Stadility of motion in regular oblique waves.International shipbuilding progress,1972,13
[19]林焰,邢殿录,纪卓尚.杨桶船舶随浪运动稳性仿真计算.海洋工程.1994年8月第12卷第3期
[20]李兢.船舶在海浪中的运动与载荷仿真研究;(硕士学位论文).哈尔滨工程大学,2002.
[21]王帮国,张国忠,郭立新.液压履带起重机会转运动的动力学仿真.建筑机械.1998,(8)
[22]吴芝亮,章青.浮式起重船吊装过程的计算机仿真.中国海上油气(工程).2002,10(5)
[23]李跃,沈庆,陈徐均.波浪环境中作业起重船悬吊载荷的摆振分析.建筑机械.2003(8)
[24]丙光六.起重船吊物系统的摆动分析及其控制研究;(硕士学位论文).天津大学.2004.
[25]冯铁城,陶尧森,周秀庚.渔业稳性研究.中国造船.1994,11(4)
[26]梅琴生.船舶稳性实用基础.北京;人民交通出版社.1962.
[27]冯铁城.在冲击外力作用下的横摇运动.船舶工程.1986(8)
[28]刘家新.工程船舶作用力矩作用下的横摇运动.武汉交通科技大学学报.1995(6)
[29]范佘明.船舶在随浪中的运动与横甩预报.船舶.2001年第1期
[30]孔祥金,曹振海.尾斜浪中船舶复原力矩计算.中国造船.1994年5月第2期
[31]刘家新,蔡岭梅.风浪中稳性衡准研究.武汉造船.1995年第1期
[32]郑俊武,唐友刚,孟昭寅等.船舶横摇与纵摇运动的非线性藕合方程.天津大学学报.1998.11
[33]袁远,成志军,金咸定.船舶在波浪中运动的六自由度非线性藕合方程.上海交通大学学报2001年4月第35卷第4卷
[34]张丽,刘习军,唐友刚.随机海况下的非线性船舶横摇和倾覆.舰船科学技术.2002年8月第24卷第4期
[35]中国船级社.国内航行海船法定检验规则.北京;人民交通出版社,2004
[36]王凤武,郑中义,吴兆麟.大风浪船舶安全航行的研究综述.大连海事大学学报.2002(28)
[37]李积德.船舶耐波性.北京;国防工业出版社,1981.
[38]工帮峰,张国忠,郭立新.液压履带起重机回转运动的动力仿真.建筑机械.1998(8)
[39]刘家新.工程船舶作用力矩下的横摇运动.武汉交通科技大学学报.1995(19)
[40]S.Surendran,J.Venkata Ramana Reddy.Numerical simulation of ship stability dordynamic environment.Ocean Engineering.20(2003)1305-1317
[41]PaullingmJ.R.,Oakley,O.H.,Wood,P.D.Ship Capsizing in Heavy Aess;The Correlation of Theory and Experiments.(1975)Proceeding of the International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles,Glasgov
[42]Paulling,J.R.(1961).The Transverse Stability of a Ship in a Longitudinal Seaway Journal of Ship Research,SNAME 4;4,37-49
[43]Kerwin,J.E.Notes on Rolling in longitudinal Waves.International Shipbuilding Progress2;16,597-614
[44]UmedaN.,Hamamoto,M.,takaisi,Y.,MatsudaA.,Sera,w.,Suzuki,S.,Spyrou,K.,Watanabe,K.(1 995). Model Experiment of Ship Capsize in Astern Seas. Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan 177,207-217
[45]S. Grochowalski. Experimental Investigation of Ship Dynamics in Extreme Waves.Comtemporary Ideas on Ship Stability 2000
[46]Zborowski, A.,Taylan, M. Evaluation of small vessels' roll motion stability reserve for resonance conditions. 1989 SNAME Spring meeting/STAR Symposium, New Orleans, LA
[47]Haddara,M. R. et al. Capsizing Experiments with a Model of Fast Cargo Liner in SanFransisco Bay,U. S. (1971) Coast Guard Project No. 723411
[48]0zkan, I.R. Lyapunov Stability of Dynamical Systems as Applied to Ship Rolling Motion, int (1982) Shipbuilding prog. ,29, 329
[49]Lund Mathisen L., Strand E., Jacobsen S. E., Summary Structural Examples,SINTEF-report STF22 A98737,Trondheim 1998
[50]Ursell F., On the Heaving Motion of a Circular Cylinder in the Surface of a Fluid, Quart. J. Mech. Appl. Math., 2, 218-231,1949a
[51]Ursell F., On the Rolling Motion of a Circular Cylinder in the Surface of a Fluid, Quart. J. Mech. Appl. Math., 2, 335-353,1949b
[52]Denis M. ST. &Pierson W. J., On the Motions of Ship in Confused Seas, Transactions of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, Vol. 61,1953
[53]Korvin-Kroukovsky B. V. &Jacob W. R., Pitching and Heaving Motions of aShip in Regular Waves, Transactions of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, Vol. 65, 1957
[54]Jacobs W. R., the Analytical Calculation of Ship Bending Moments in RegularWaves, JSR, June, 1958
[55]Kaplan P. &Sargent T. P., Further Studies of Computer Simulation of Slammingand Other Waves-induced Vibratory Structural Loadings on Ships in Waves, US Coast Guard Ship Struct.Comm. Report SSC-231,1972
[56]Gerritsma J.&Beukelman W.,Analysis of the Modified Strip Theory for the Calculation of Ship Motions and Wave Bending Moments, ISP Vol. 14, No. 156, Aug 1967
[57]Tasai F. &Takagi M., Theory and Calculation of Ship Responses in RegularWaves. Proc. Symposium on Seaworthiness, Soc. Naval.Arch.Japan, July 1969
[58]Salvesen N.,Tuck E. 0., Faltinsen O., Ship Motion and Sea Loads,Transactions of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, Vol. 78,1970
[59]Chapman R. B., Free Surface Effects for Yawed Surface Piercing Plates, Journal of Ship Research, 20th, 125-136, 1976
[60] Lonquet-Higgins M. S., On the Statistical Heights of Sea Waves,J.Mar. Res., 1952
[2]夏益美.全回转起重作业船稳性研究;(硕士学位论文)。大连理工大学,2006
[3]王学亮.大型起重船在海浪中的运动响应研究;(硕士学位论文)。天津大学,2002
[4]刘振辉,谭家华.超大型海洋工程起重系统发展现状.中国海洋平台,2006,4(2)
[5]Olsen T.O.,Cost Effective Structures with LWA Concrete,Proceedings-Second International Symposium on Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete,Kristiansand,Norway,June 2000
[6]Lund Mathisen L.,Strand E.,Jacobsen S.E.,Summary Structural Examples,SINTEF-report STF22 A98737,Trondheim 1998
[7]张志明,徐丹铮,张超等.大型起重船船型开发的若干技术问题初探.船舶,2005,(1)
[8]广州打捞局网站
[9]上海打捞局网站
[10]张文斌,姚震球,将志勇.船舶稳性理论研究得方法及进展.华东船舶工业学院学报.2002.2,第16卷第1期
[11]孙海涛.船舶波浪稳性的数学模型及在滚装船上的应用.大连海事大学硕士论文.2002.3
[12]盛振邦,杨尚荣,陈雪深.船舶静力学.北京;国防工业出版社.1984
[13]A Mathematical model of motions leading to capsize in astern waves Masami Hamamoto,Abdul Munif Contemporary Ideas on Ship Stability 2000
[14]董艳秋,纪凯,黄衍顺.波浪中船舶横摇稳性的研究.船舶力学.1999年4月第3卷第2期
[15]刘应中,李谊乐,廖国平.船舶在风浪中大幅横摇运动的工程算法.水动力学研究与发展.1995年4月
[16]孔祥金,曹振海,刘楚学.尾斜浪中舰船稳性研究.舰船科学技术.1993,(5)
[17]贺五洲,周正全,程军.水面舰船迎浪艇行时大幅运动预报的切片算法.中国造船.1998,(2)
[18]Haddara.On the Stadility of motion in regular oblique waves.International shipbuilding progress,1972,13
[19]林焰,邢殿录,纪卓尚.杨桶船舶随浪运动稳性仿真计算.海洋工程.1994年8月第12卷第3期
[20]李兢.船舶在海浪中的运动与载荷仿真研究;(硕士学位论文).哈尔滨工程大学,2002.
[21]王帮国,张国忠,郭立新.液压履带起重机会转运动的动力学仿真.建筑机械.1998,(8)
[22]吴芝亮,章青.浮式起重船吊装过程的计算机仿真.中国海上油气(工程).2002,10(5)
[23]李跃,沈庆,陈徐均.波浪环境中作业起重船悬吊载荷的摆振分析.建筑机械.2003(8)
[24]丙光六.起重船吊物系统的摆动分析及其控制研究;(硕士学位论文).天津大学.2004.
[25]冯铁城,陶尧森,周秀庚.渔业稳性研究.中国造船.1994,11(4)
[26]梅琴生.船舶稳性实用基础.北京;人民交通出版社.1962.
[27]冯铁城.在冲击外力作用下的横摇运动.船舶工程.1986(8)
[28]刘家新.工程船舶作用力矩作用下的横摇运动.武汉交通科技大学学报.1995(6)
[29]范佘明.船舶在随浪中的运动与横甩预报.船舶.2001年第1期
[30]孔祥金,曹振海.尾斜浪中船舶复原力矩计算.中国造船.1994年5月第2期
[31]刘家新,蔡岭梅.风浪中稳性衡准研究.武汉造船.1995年第1期
[32]郑俊武,唐友刚,孟昭寅等.船舶横摇与纵摇运动的非线性藕合方程.天津大学学报.1998.11
[33]袁远,成志军,金咸定.船舶在波浪中运动的六自由度非线性藕合方程.上海交通大学学报2001年4月第35卷第4卷
[34]张丽,刘习军,唐友刚.随机海况下的非线性船舶横摇和倾覆.舰船科学技术.2002年8月第24卷第4期
[35]中国船级社.国内航行海船法定检验规则.北京;人民交通出版社,2004
[36]王凤武,郑中义,吴兆麟.大风浪船舶安全航行的研究综述.大连海事大学学报.2002(28)
[37]李积德.船舶耐波性.北京;国防工业出版社,1981.
[38]工帮峰,张国忠,郭立新.液压履带起重机回转运动的动力仿真.建筑机械.1998(8)
[39]刘家新.工程船舶作用力矩下的横摇运动.武汉交通科技大学学报.1995(19)
[40]S.Surendran,J.Venkata Ramana Reddy.Numerical simulation of ship stability dordynamic environment.Ocean Engineering.20(2003)1305-1317
[41]PaullingmJ.R.,Oakley,O.H.,Wood,P.D.Ship Capsizing in Heavy Aess;The Correlation of Theory and Experiments.(1975)Proceeding of the International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles,Glasgov
[42]Paulling,J.R.(1961).The Transverse Stability of a Ship in a Longitudinal Seaway Journal of Ship Research,SNAME 4;4,37-49
[43]Kerwin,J.E.Notes on Rolling in longitudinal Waves.International Shipbuilding Progress2;16,597-614
[44]UmedaN.,Hamamoto,M.,takaisi,Y.,MatsudaA.,Sera,w.,Suzuki,S.,Spyrou,K.,Watanabe,K.(1 995). Model Experiment of Ship Capsize in Astern Seas. Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan 177,207-217
[45]S. Grochowalski. Experimental Investigation of Ship Dynamics in Extreme Waves.Comtemporary Ideas on Ship Stability 2000
[46]Zborowski, A.,Taylan, M. Evaluation of small vessels' roll motion stability reserve for resonance conditions. 1989 SNAME Spring meeting/STAR Symposium, New Orleans, LA
[47]Haddara,M. R. et al. Capsizing Experiments with a Model of Fast Cargo Liner in SanFransisco Bay,U. S. (1971) Coast Guard Project No. 723411
[48]0zkan, I.R. Lyapunov Stability of Dynamical Systems as Applied to Ship Rolling Motion, int (1982) Shipbuilding prog. ,29, 329
[49]Lund Mathisen L., Strand E., Jacobsen S. E., Summary Structural Examples,SINTEF-report STF22 A98737,Trondheim 1998
[50]Ursell F., On the Heaving Motion of a Circular Cylinder in the Surface of a Fluid, Quart. J. Mech. Appl. Math., 2, 218-231,1949a
[51]Ursell F., On the Rolling Motion of a Circular Cylinder in the Surface of a Fluid, Quart. J. Mech. Appl. Math., 2, 335-353,1949b
[52]Denis M. ST. &Pierson W. J., On the Motions of Ship in Confused Seas, Transactions of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, Vol. 61,1953
[53]Korvin-Kroukovsky B. V. &Jacob W. R., Pitching and Heaving Motions of aShip in Regular Waves, Transactions of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, Vol. 65, 1957
[54]Jacobs W. R., the Analytical Calculation of Ship Bending Moments in RegularWaves, JSR, June, 1958
[55]Kaplan P. &Sargent T. P., Further Studies of Computer Simulation of Slammingand Other Waves-induced Vibratory Structural Loadings on Ships in Waves, US Coast Guard Ship Struct.Comm. Report SSC-231,1972
[56]Gerritsma J.&Beukelman W.,Analysis of the Modified Strip Theory for the Calculation of Ship Motions and Wave Bending Moments, ISP Vol. 14, No. 156, Aug 1967
[57]Tasai F. &Takagi M., Theory and Calculation of Ship Responses in RegularWaves. Proc. Symposium on Seaworthiness, Soc. Naval.Arch.Japan, July 1969
[58]Salvesen N.,Tuck E. 0., Faltinsen O., Ship Motion and Sea Loads,Transactions of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, Vol. 78,1970
[59]Chapman R. B., Free Surface Effects for Yawed Surface Piercing Plates, Journal of Ship Research, 20th, 125-136, 1976
[60] Lonquet-Higgins M. S., On the Statistical Heights of Sea Waves,J.Mar. Res., 1952