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竹质材料的色泽与纹理及其对家具造型设计的影响研究
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摘要
本研究立足于现存主要竹材,采集并分析其表面的视觉物理量;结合近几年某企业的竹材产品销售状况,及对业内销售人员访谈,总结分析大众对竹材产品的接受和喜好程度;以设计调查问卷方式,详细测试大众对竹材外观的喜好状况,以及探究竹材的外观与其制成家具的造型的相宜性。最终得到结论如下:
     (1)在CIE(1976)L~*a~*b~*色空间中,竹材的L~*主要分布在33.73~82.68;a~*主要分布在3.25~9.25;b~*主要分布在8.93~25.74。在孟塞尔色空间中,竹材的V主要分布在2.22~7.12;H主要分布在9.44YR~7.02Y;C主要分布在4.11~8.35。竹材的色相H主要集中在孟塞尔色空间的黄色调内,明度属于较高范围,饱和度也较高。不同的竹材的明度色相饱和度等各不同。
     (2)本色竹集成材的平行纹理光泽度GZL分布在3.41%~3.43%,垂直纹理光泽度GZT分布在2.68%~2.69%;碳化竹集成材的GZL分布在2.70%~2.75%,GZT分布2.03%~2.10%;本色竹重组材的GZL分布在2.75%左右,GZT分布在2.17%左右;碳化重组竹GZL分布在2.15%左右,GZB分布在1.63%;虎斑重组竹GZL分布在2.26%左右,GZT分布在1.72%左右。与木材相比,竹材素板光泽度较低。碳化竹材的光泽度明显低于本色竹材。同一种竹材平行入射光泽度GZL要高于垂直入射光泽度GZB。
     (3)竹集成材的纹理组成为一定宽度的线,间有间距不等的竹节。其中宽线(平压材)竹节明显,窄线(侧压材)竹节不明显;重组竹材纹理组成大部分为斜线,小部分为曲线,其中斜线偏离主纹理方向不超过15°,间有竹节但竹节不明显;其他竹材由竹集成材或竹重组材端面或规则或不规则排列而成,组成元素为形状大致相同的长方形。
     (4)重组材产品销量逐年上升,竹集成材产品销量逐年下降;碳化侧压纹理的家具销售量最大,说明其市场接受度最好。竹碳化色的销量远远好于本色,说明碳化色的竹家具更受人们欢迎,其美感度更高。
     (5)对于不同风格的家具,碳侧、碳平、碳化重组竹具有良好的适应性,大众对这三种竹材的喜好度比其他两种高。本侧纹理更适合演绎现代简约风格;碳化重组竹更适合中式古典风格;碳侧更适合于欧美式古典家具。本平的接受度最低;碳平的接受度较低。
     (6)调查问卷显示侧压纹理受大众喜好度高,侧压纹理更为美观。
     (7)调查问卷分析显示线的形式更适合竹材家具的形态构成。
In this study, based on the existing main bamboo materials, collect and analyze the visualphysical quantities of the surface; combination of an enterprise sales of bamboo products inrecent years, and interviews with sales staff in this industry, sum up the analysis of the publicacceptance and preference for bamboo products; based on survey questionnaires, detailedtesting the preferences of the public on bamboo appearance, as well as explore the appearanceof bamboo and the appropriated bamboo furniture making. The resulting conclusions are asfollows:
     (1) In the CIE (1976) L~*a~*b~*, L~*of bamboo is distributing in33.73~82.68; a~*'sdistribution is at3.25and9.25; b~*are mainly distributed in the8.93to25.74. In the Munsell,bamboo’s V are mainly distributed in the2.22~7.12; H-mainly distributed9.44YR~7.02Y; Care mainly distributed in the4.11to8.35. Bamboo hue H is mainly concentrated in the yellowtone of the Munsell, lightness is a higher range, and saturation was also higher. Different kindof bamboos is contained several of brightness, hue and saturation.
     (2) Natural bamboo GZL distribution is in3.41%to3.43%, GZT distribution is in2.68%to2.69%; Carbonized Bamboo GZL distribution is in2.70%to2.75%, GZT distributionof2.03%~2.10%; the GZL Natural Strand Woven Bamboo distribution is around2.75%, theGZT distribution is around2.17%; Carbonized Strand Woven Bamboo the GZL distribution isaround2.15%, the GZB distribution is around1.63%; Tiger Strand Woven Bamboo GZL isdistributed around2.26%, GZT is distributing about1.72%. Compared with wood, bambooprime plate’s gloss is lower. The gloss of the carbonized bamboo is significantly lower thanNatural bamboo. The same bamboo GZL is higher than the GZB.
     (3) Solid Bamboo texture is the composition of a certain width line with variable spaceranging of bamboo joint. Which the broad-line Horizontal bamboo joint is obvious, Verticalbamboo joint is not obvious; recombinant bamboo texture composed of a majority of slash, asmall part is a curve, in which the slash deviate from the direction of the main texture does notexceed15°, there is bamboo joint but is not obvious; the other sort of bamboo is arranged bySolid Bamboo or Strand Woven Profile regularly or irregularly, and the made by elements isroughly the same shape rectangle.
     (4) Strand Woven Bamboo products sales increased year by year, declining sales ofSolid Bamboo products annually; Carbonized vertical furniture sales are mostly correspondingto its higher market acceptance. Sales of Carbonized is far better than original color, it isrepresent the reason of Carbonized color Bamboo furniture is more welcomed by the people,that is, its beauty of degrees higher.
     (5) For the different styles of furniture Carbonized Vertical、Carbonized Horizontal、Carbonized Strand Woven Bamboo has a good adaptability, the preference of the mass of thesethree bamboos styles is higher than the other two. Natural Vertical is more suitable for themodern minimalist style. Carbonized Strand Woven Bamboo is more suitable for Chinese classical style. Carbon side is more suitable for western style classical furniture. NaturalHorizontal acceptance is lowest. Carbonized Horizontal acceptance is also relatively low.
     (6) Questionnaire shows the Vertical Grain preference is high Vertical Grain is moreattractive.
     (7)Survey questionnaire analysis showed that the line form is more suitable for bamboofurniture form constitution.
引文
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