发动机废气涡轮增压
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摘要
本文主要研究发动机的废气涡轮增压及增压系统。
根据国内、外的有关文献，阐述了在发动机为了提高功率、扭矩以及适应高原空气稀薄环境进行增压的必要性和可能性。
介绍了废气涡轮增压系统中各组成部件的作用及工作原理；介绍了增压器的结构和工作原理；发动机进行废气涡轮增压时对进排气系统要求以及增压器在发动机上的安装方法。
通过具体的试验数据和曲线详细介绍了废气涡轮增压的增压器和发动机的匹配过程；详细介绍了以知发动机选配增压器的计算方法、选配过程和发动机增压时进排气系统的改进设计及增压器的改进设计。
提出了目前汽油机增压的难点、可能遇到的问题和针对这些问题应采取的措施。
This paper studies on the exhaust-gas turbocharger of engine and the turbocharger system.
According to the domestic and foreign references, this paper expatiates on improving power, torque and the necessity and possibility of realizing turbocharger under the altiplano environment where the air is very thin.
The action and operating principle of components assembly in the turbocharger system, the structure of turbocharger, the requirement to exhaust air system when matching turbocharger and the method the turbocharger adjust on the engine are all introduced in this paper.
Through the detailed test data and graphic chart, this paper gives the matching process between the turbocharger of the exhaust-gas turbocharger and the engine. In addition to, the computational method, choosing &matching process when choosing turbocharger from the given engine and the improved design of exhaust-gas system and turbocharger are given.
This paper also puts forward to the current difficult
matching turbocharger to engine of gasoline, problems appearing possible and the effective measures resolving these questions.
根据国内、外的有关文献，阐述了在发动机为了提高功率、扭矩以及适应高原空气稀薄环境进行增压的必要性和可能性。
介绍了废气涡轮增压系统中各组成部件的作用及工作原理；介绍了增压器的结构和工作原理；发动机进行废气涡轮增压时对进排气系统要求以及增压器在发动机上的安装方法。
通过具体的试验数据和曲线详细介绍了废气涡轮增压的增压器和发动机的匹配过程；详细介绍了以知发动机选配增压器的计算方法、选配过程和发动机增压时进排气系统的改进设计及增压器的改进设计。
提出了目前汽油机增压的难点、可能遇到的问题和针对这些问题应采取的措施。
This paper studies on the exhaust-gas turbocharger of engine and the turbocharger system.
According to the domestic and foreign references, this paper expatiates on improving power, torque and the necessity and possibility of realizing turbocharger under the altiplano environment where the air is very thin.
The action and operating principle of components assembly in the turbocharger system, the structure of turbocharger, the requirement to exhaust air system when matching turbocharger and the method the turbocharger adjust on the engine are all introduced in this paper.
Through the detailed test data and graphic chart, this paper gives the matching process between the turbocharger of the exhaust-gas turbocharger and the engine. In addition to, the computational method, choosing &matching process when choosing turbocharger from the given engine and the improved design of exhaust-gas system and turbocharger are given.
This paper also puts forward to the current difficult
matching turbocharger to engine of gasoline, problems appearing possible and the effective measures resolving these questions.
引文
[1] 蒋德明．《内燃机原理》(修订本)．北京：机械工业出版社，1988．
[2] 蒋德明．《内燃机的涡轮增压》．机械工业出版社，1993．
[3] 朱大鑫．车用发动机增压技术的发展．天津：内燃机学报，1987，No．4．
[4] 江厚美，潘庆洁，蔡文兴．汽车发动机增压技术．北京：人民交通出版社，1984
[5] 朱大鑫．《涡轮增压与涡轮增压器》．大同：兵器工业第七0研究所，1997．
[6] 唐开元．《柴油机增压原理》．北京：国防工业出版社，1985．
[7] 朱大鑫．车用发动机增压系统的研究．大功率柴油机学术年会，1983．
[8] 顾宏中．《涡轮增压柴油机性能研究》．上海：上海交通大学出版社，1998．
[9] 倪计民，孟铭等．涡旋增压器与发动机匹配的理论计算研究．汽车技术，2002，(10)，15～18．
[10] 《增压器与增压器译文集》．上海内燃机研究所．上海科学技术文献出版社，1981．
[11] 宋守信．《内燃机增压技术》．同济大学出版社，1993．
[12] K．齐纳著．侯玉堂，禹惠生译．《内燃机增压与匹配—理论、计算及实例》．国防工业出版社，1982．7．
[13] 何学良，李疏松．内燃机燃烧学．北京机械工业出版社，1990．
[14] 王维钢．内燃机燃烧过程优化及燃烧过程限制对优化结果的影响．大功率柴油机学术年会论文，1989．
[15] 王福民．车用柴油机燃烧系统．北京国防工业出版社，1983．
[16] N. Watson etc. Turbocharged the Internal Combustion Engine. The Macmillan Press LTD, 1982.
[17] N. Watson. Turbocharged Engines(Internal Combustion Engines. Chapter Four). Academic Press Limited, 1988.
[18] N. Watson Turboeharged Developments on Vehicle Diesel Engines. SAE 850318.
[19] N. Watson etc. Turbocharged System Options for Vehicle Engines. Turbochargers Conference. London,1978.
[20] W. E.Woolenweber, The Turboeharger-A Vital Part of the Engine Intake and Exhaust System, SAE 700534.
[21] R. S. Benson etc, The Thermodynamics and Gas Dynamics of Internal Combustion Engine,Vol.Ⅰ.1982.
[22] L. Morello etc, A High Speed Direct Injection Diesel Engine for Application on Passenger Car, SAE 890460.
[23] Helmut Pucher u.a,Aufladung von Verbrennungsmotoren, expert Verlag,1985
[24] Karl Zinner, Aufladung von Verbrennungsmotoren, Springer-Verlag. 1985.
[25] G. Winkler, Ein Geschlossenes Diagramm zur Bestimmung des Betriebspunkte Von Abgasturboladern an Viertaktmotoren,MtZ, 1980 Nr. 10.
[26] H.Neitz,Neuere Entwicklungen zur Aufladung Von Nutzfahrzeugdieselmotoren, 1. Achener Kolloquium Fahrzeug-und Motorentechnic, 1987.
[27] U. G. Carstens,"Sofim Small High-Speed Diesel Engines",SAE 810481.
[29] Herman D.Rass erc,Selection of Charge Air Coolion System for Two-Stroke Cycle Diesel Engine,SAE 850316.
[30] Beck N.J etc, Factor that Affect BSFC and Emissions for Diesel EnginepartⅡ,SAE 870344.
[31] Hans-Werner Reimold, Bauarten and Berechnung von Ladeluftkuhlern fur Ottound-Dieselmotoren,MTZ, 1986.4
[2] 蒋德明．《内燃机的涡轮增压》．机械工业出版社，1993．
[3] 朱大鑫．车用发动机增压技术的发展．天津：内燃机学报，1987，No．4．
[4] 江厚美，潘庆洁，蔡文兴．汽车发动机增压技术．北京：人民交通出版社，1984
[5] 朱大鑫．《涡轮增压与涡轮增压器》．大同：兵器工业第七0研究所，1997．
[6] 唐开元．《柴油机增压原理》．北京：国防工业出版社，1985．
[7] 朱大鑫．车用发动机增压系统的研究．大功率柴油机学术年会，1983．
[8] 顾宏中．《涡轮增压柴油机性能研究》．上海：上海交通大学出版社，1998．
[9] 倪计民，孟铭等．涡旋增压器与发动机匹配的理论计算研究．汽车技术，2002，(10)，15～18．
[10] 《增压器与增压器译文集》．上海内燃机研究所．上海科学技术文献出版社，1981．
[11] 宋守信．《内燃机增压技术》．同济大学出版社，1993．
[12] K．齐纳著．侯玉堂，禹惠生译．《内燃机增压与匹配—理论、计算及实例》．国防工业出版社，1982．7．
[13] 何学良，李疏松．内燃机燃烧学．北京机械工业出版社，1990．
[14] 王维钢．内燃机燃烧过程优化及燃烧过程限制对优化结果的影响．大功率柴油机学术年会论文，1989．
[15] 王福民．车用柴油机燃烧系统．北京国防工业出版社，1983．
[16] N. Watson etc. Turbocharged the Internal Combustion Engine. The Macmillan Press LTD, 1982.
[17] N. Watson. Turbocharged Engines(Internal Combustion Engines. Chapter Four). Academic Press Limited, 1988.
[18] N. Watson Turboeharged Developments on Vehicle Diesel Engines. SAE 850318.
[19] N. Watson etc. Turbocharged System Options for Vehicle Engines. Turbochargers Conference. London,1978.
[20] W. E.Woolenweber, The Turboeharger-A Vital Part of the Engine Intake and Exhaust System, SAE 700534.
[21] R. S. Benson etc, The Thermodynamics and Gas Dynamics of Internal Combustion Engine,Vol.Ⅰ.1982.
[22] L. Morello etc, A High Speed Direct Injection Diesel Engine for Application on Passenger Car, SAE 890460.
[23] Helmut Pucher u.a,Aufladung von Verbrennungsmotoren, expert Verlag,1985
[24] Karl Zinner, Aufladung von Verbrennungsmotoren, Springer-Verlag. 1985.
[25] G. Winkler, Ein Geschlossenes Diagramm zur Bestimmung des Betriebspunkte Von Abgasturboladern an Viertaktmotoren,MtZ, 1980 Nr. 10.
[26] H.Neitz,Neuere Entwicklungen zur Aufladung Von Nutzfahrzeugdieselmotoren, 1. Achener Kolloquium Fahrzeug-und Motorentechnic, 1987.
[27] U. G. Carstens,"Sofim Small High-Speed Diesel Engines",SAE 810481.
[29] Herman D.Rass erc,Selection of Charge Air Coolion System for Two-Stroke Cycle Diesel Engine,SAE 850316.
[30] Beck N.J etc, Factor that Affect BSFC and Emissions for Diesel EnginepartⅡ,SAE 870344.
[31] Hans-Werner Reimold, Bauarten and Berechnung von Ladeluftkuhlern fur Ottound-Dieselmotoren,MTZ, 1986.4