三维可视化预测技术在福建尤溪丁家山铅锌矿中的应用
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摘要
围绕丁家山铅锌矿三维可视化预测这一课题,基于现代成矿理论和矿产勘查新技术,以空间地质数据库为分析基础综合运用多种地质统计方法、信息提取技术、三维地质建模与可视化技术,统计归纳了丁家山铅锌矿床控矿地质要素的数字特征和统计指标,开展了丁家山铅锌矿床深边部的三维可视化预测研究,圈定预测靶区,为矿山的新一轮地质找矿工作提供数字模型及新的找矿思路。
论文首先分析了矿山地测数据分类方式及其特点,对多源地测数据的数字化方法与地测数据集成管理系统进行了探讨,接着以地测数据库为基础,从理论和实际应用的角度开展了三维定量预测建模与可视化实现方法的研究,主要包括以下6个方面：
(1)通过数据库专业分层结构组织、数据库表结构的定义、地质资料数字标准化等技术方法形成了一套适用于该矿区地质资料信息化建库的技术方案。利用Access数据库及MapGIS图形管理系统建立了丁家山铅锌矿区空间地质数据库。实现了矿区地质资料的有效地组织、存储与管理,为三维地质建模、隐伏矿体的定量预测评价提供有力支撑。
(2)通过剖面地质信息属性化、三维剖面矿体圈定、三维模型实体定义、三维模型构建等技术方法,形成了丁家山铅锌矿区地形地质、勘探工程、矿体、地层、断层等地质研究对象的三维实体模型,通过可视化、集成化的环境对矿区空间地质信息的分布规律进行统一的表达,有效提高了地质认识。通过数字化的方法实现地质研究对象的定量化表达,同时在统一的范围中构建了地质体、矿体的块体模型为进一步的开展控矿地质要素定量评价、隐伏矿床的三维预测提供了模型支持。
(3)通过对丁家山矿区矿体所在的地层状况、空间分布状况、产状、厚度及品位等地质特征信息进行分析,为客观评价矿化空间品位分布提供可靠的基础。通过地质统计学方法对矿化空间品位进行了分析,估算了矿体Zn金属量,获得丁家山铅锌矿现有矿体的总体数字特征。
(4)研究和总结了研究区成矿地质条件与找矿标志、地层与成矿的关系、总结归纳丁家山铅锌矿床主要控矿地质因素及特征。
(5)利用地质界面三维建模和空间分析技术对矿床范围内控制矿床矿体分布的主要控制因素进行定量表达,构建了矿化指标与控矿地质因素之间的关联。深入开展了控矿地质因素定量分析技术的研究,主要包括基于TIN的地质界面距离场分析、地质界面趋势-起伏分析、地质界面坡度分析及地质界面夹角分析等关键技术。对不整合面和地层界面等地质界面进行三维空间分析,实现了各种控矿地质因素的定量模拟,并利用Datamine软件实现了控矿地质因素定量模拟结果的可视化。在此基础上实现了不整合面距离场指标、不整合面趋势-起伏指标、不整合面坡度指标、不整合面夹角指标、地层界面距离场指标以及地层界面趋势-起伏指标等找矿信息指标的统计分析及提取。
(6)对丁家山铅锌矿床现有矿体深部未有工程控制区域进行三维立体预测,在系统分析矿产地质控矿因素与矿化关系的基础上,基于现有工程控制与地质认知程度对现有矿体深部-20m～-300m的空间进行定量预测。
Based on modern mineralization theory and mineral exploration of new technologies, this research based on multiple projects, such as "Dijiashan lead-znic deposit3D Visualization Prediction in Youxi county, Fujian province","Copper polymetallic ore metallogenic prediction and prospectiong research in the middle of Nizheng area", introduces the idea of "digital prospecting" and "digital deposit" into the prospecting work of Dijiashan lead-znic deposit.
At the beginning of this thesis, based on3D visualized predictivity of Dingjiashan Lead-zinc deposit, some classification methods of mine geodesy data and its properties are reviewed. Then discussion has been made systematically for digitalization methods and managing system of multi-source geodesy data. In the rest of the thesis, studies on quantitative3D model construction and visualization methods of predictivity ore deposit are carried out both theoretically and practically on basis of the geodesy database. It includes
(1) Conducted a systematic survey and analysis of existing geological data on the Pb-Zn District, Dingjiashan from five sources of information, management, the extent of digital integrity. Formed a database of geological data and information technology program at the mine hierarchy through the database professional organizations, the definition of the database table structure, number of geological data standardization techniques. A Dingjiashan Zn mining area space geological database has been build by using Access database and the MapGIS graphical management system. To apply in mine geological data to effectively organize, store and manage. And it provides strong support for3D geological modeling and concealed the quantitative prediction of the ore body
(2) The formation of a3D solid model of the Pb-Zn District, Dingjiashan topographic and geologic exploration works, the ore body, stratum, fault and other geological objects throutgh profile geological information attributed, three-dimensional profile orebody delineation, three-dimensional model entities defined, Construction of three-dimensional model. Visualization, integrated environment for the distribution of mining space of geological information, the expression of a unified and effective to improve the geological understanding. Geological study of the quantitative expression through digital methods to build a geological body in the range of uniform ore body block model of ore-controlling geological elements quantitative evaluation of concealed mineral deposits of the three-dimensional prediction model support.
(3) Where the Dingjiashan mine orebody formation conditions, spatial distribution, the production of shape, thickness and grade, geological characteristics information analyzed to provide a reliable basis for the grade distribution of the objective evaluation of mineralization space. Grade mineralization space through geostatistics to estimate the amount of the ore body Pb, Zn metal, overall numbers Dingjiashan existing Pb-Zn orebody.
(4) Research and summarize the relationship between the metallogenic geological conditions of the study area and prospecting criteria, formation and mineralization. Summary owned by Nadine Jiashan Pb-Zn deposit ore-controlling geological factors and characteristics.
(5) Geological interface of3D modeling and spatial analysis techniques to the quantitative expression of the main controlling factor of the deposits within the ore body control the deposit distribution. Build the association between the mineralization targets and ore-controlling geological factors. Far of ore-controlling geological factors quantitative analysis techniques includes, tin geological interface from the field analysis, trends-the ups and downs analysis of geological interface, gradient analysis of geological interface and angle analysis of geological interface.3D spatial analysis of the unconformity and stratigraphic interface geological interface. To compelete quantitative modeling of the various ore-controlling geological factors. Using Datamine software to implement the ore-controlling geological factors quantitative visualization of simulation results. Prospecting information indicators for statistical analysis and extraction is finished, inluded of unconformity surface of indicators, unconformity surface trend-the ups and downs of indicators, unconformity surface slope indicator, unconformity angle indicators, stratigraphic interface from the field indicators and the trend of stratigraphic interfaces-the ups and downs indicators.
(6)3D prediction of existing ore bodies deep Dingjiashan Pb-Zn deposit no engineering control area. Quantitative prediction based on existing engineering controls and geological awareness level of the existing ore body deep-20m to-300m of space.
Predict space definition of value with the geological conditions for deep deposits can limit the space, improve the rationality and accuracy of the forecast. On this basis, use of quality control of ore elements of evaluation indicators formed to predict the region is unknown block to quality control of ore elements. Geological variable value restrictions for using the formula of Pb, Zn grade quantitative estimates to predict the unknown bulk Pb, Zn grade value. System statistics and visualization of expression on the prediction results. Formed can be directly applied to the production results of Figure.
论文首先分析了矿山地测数据分类方式及其特点,对多源地测数据的数字化方法与地测数据集成管理系统进行了探讨,接着以地测数据库为基础,从理论和实际应用的角度开展了三维定量预测建模与可视化实现方法的研究,主要包括以下6个方面：
(1)通过数据库专业分层结构组织、数据库表结构的定义、地质资料数字标准化等技术方法形成了一套适用于该矿区地质资料信息化建库的技术方案。利用Access数据库及MapGIS图形管理系统建立了丁家山铅锌矿区空间地质数据库。实现了矿区地质资料的有效地组织、存储与管理,为三维地质建模、隐伏矿体的定量预测评价提供有力支撑。
(2)通过剖面地质信息属性化、三维剖面矿体圈定、三维模型实体定义、三维模型构建等技术方法,形成了丁家山铅锌矿区地形地质、勘探工程、矿体、地层、断层等地质研究对象的三维实体模型,通过可视化、集成化的环境对矿区空间地质信息的分布规律进行统一的表达,有效提高了地质认识。通过数字化的方法实现地质研究对象的定量化表达,同时在统一的范围中构建了地质体、矿体的块体模型为进一步的开展控矿地质要素定量评价、隐伏矿床的三维预测提供了模型支持。
(3)通过对丁家山矿区矿体所在的地层状况、空间分布状况、产状、厚度及品位等地质特征信息进行分析,为客观评价矿化空间品位分布提供可靠的基础。通过地质统计学方法对矿化空间品位进行了分析,估算了矿体Zn金属量,获得丁家山铅锌矿现有矿体的总体数字特征。
(4)研究和总结了研究区成矿地质条件与找矿标志、地层与成矿的关系、总结归纳丁家山铅锌矿床主要控矿地质因素及特征。
(5)利用地质界面三维建模和空间分析技术对矿床范围内控制矿床矿体分布的主要控制因素进行定量表达,构建了矿化指标与控矿地质因素之间的关联。深入开展了控矿地质因素定量分析技术的研究,主要包括基于TIN的地质界面距离场分析、地质界面趋势-起伏分析、地质界面坡度分析及地质界面夹角分析等关键技术。对不整合面和地层界面等地质界面进行三维空间分析,实现了各种控矿地质因素的定量模拟,并利用Datamine软件实现了控矿地质因素定量模拟结果的可视化。在此基础上实现了不整合面距离场指标、不整合面趋势-起伏指标、不整合面坡度指标、不整合面夹角指标、地层界面距离场指标以及地层界面趋势-起伏指标等找矿信息指标的统计分析及提取。
(6)对丁家山铅锌矿床现有矿体深部未有工程控制区域进行三维立体预测,在系统分析矿产地质控矿因素与矿化关系的基础上,基于现有工程控制与地质认知程度对现有矿体深部-20m～-300m的空间进行定量预测。
Based on modern mineralization theory and mineral exploration of new technologies, this research based on multiple projects, such as "Dijiashan lead-znic deposit3D Visualization Prediction in Youxi county, Fujian province","Copper polymetallic ore metallogenic prediction and prospectiong research in the middle of Nizheng area", introduces the idea of "digital prospecting" and "digital deposit" into the prospecting work of Dijiashan lead-znic deposit.
At the beginning of this thesis, based on3D visualized predictivity of Dingjiashan Lead-zinc deposit, some classification methods of mine geodesy data and its properties are reviewed. Then discussion has been made systematically for digitalization methods and managing system of multi-source geodesy data. In the rest of the thesis, studies on quantitative3D model construction and visualization methods of predictivity ore deposit are carried out both theoretically and practically on basis of the geodesy database. It includes
(1) Conducted a systematic survey and analysis of existing geological data on the Pb-Zn District, Dingjiashan from five sources of information, management, the extent of digital integrity. Formed a database of geological data and information technology program at the mine hierarchy through the database professional organizations, the definition of the database table structure, number of geological data standardization techniques. A Dingjiashan Zn mining area space geological database has been build by using Access database and the MapGIS graphical management system. To apply in mine geological data to effectively organize, store and manage. And it provides strong support for3D geological modeling and concealed the quantitative prediction of the ore body
(2) The formation of a3D solid model of the Pb-Zn District, Dingjiashan topographic and geologic exploration works, the ore body, stratum, fault and other geological objects throutgh profile geological information attributed, three-dimensional profile orebody delineation, three-dimensional model entities defined, Construction of three-dimensional model. Visualization, integrated environment for the distribution of mining space of geological information, the expression of a unified and effective to improve the geological understanding. Geological study of the quantitative expression through digital methods to build a geological body in the range of uniform ore body block model of ore-controlling geological elements quantitative evaluation of concealed mineral deposits of the three-dimensional prediction model support.
(3) Where the Dingjiashan mine orebody formation conditions, spatial distribution, the production of shape, thickness and grade, geological characteristics information analyzed to provide a reliable basis for the grade distribution of the objective evaluation of mineralization space. Grade mineralization space through geostatistics to estimate the amount of the ore body Pb, Zn metal, overall numbers Dingjiashan existing Pb-Zn orebody.
(4) Research and summarize the relationship between the metallogenic geological conditions of the study area and prospecting criteria, formation and mineralization. Summary owned by Nadine Jiashan Pb-Zn deposit ore-controlling geological factors and characteristics.
(5) Geological interface of3D modeling and spatial analysis techniques to the quantitative expression of the main controlling factor of the deposits within the ore body control the deposit distribution. Build the association between the mineralization targets and ore-controlling geological factors. Far of ore-controlling geological factors quantitative analysis techniques includes, tin geological interface from the field analysis, trends-the ups and downs analysis of geological interface, gradient analysis of geological interface and angle analysis of geological interface.3D spatial analysis of the unconformity and stratigraphic interface geological interface. To compelete quantitative modeling of the various ore-controlling geological factors. Using Datamine software to implement the ore-controlling geological factors quantitative visualization of simulation results. Prospecting information indicators for statistical analysis and extraction is finished, inluded of unconformity surface of indicators, unconformity surface trend-the ups and downs of indicators, unconformity surface slope indicator, unconformity angle indicators, stratigraphic interface from the field indicators and the trend of stratigraphic interfaces-the ups and downs indicators.
(6)3D prediction of existing ore bodies deep Dingjiashan Pb-Zn deposit no engineering control area. Quantitative prediction based on existing engineering controls and geological awareness level of the existing ore body deep-20m to-300m of space.
Predict space definition of value with the geological conditions for deep deposits can limit the space, improve the rationality and accuracy of the forecast. On this basis, use of quality control of ore elements of evaluation indicators formed to predict the region is unknown block to quality control of ore elements. Geological variable value restrictions for using the formula of Pb, Zn grade quantitative estimates to predict the unknown bulk Pb, Zn grade value. System statistics and visualization of expression on the prediction results. Formed can be directly applied to the production results of Figure.
引文
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