国民经济动员仿真演练系统中的任务分配研究
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摘要
国民经济动员是为了维护国家安全和适应战争的需要,将国民经济由平时状态转入战时状态所进行的一系列活动。无论是国民经济动员准备、制定国民经济动员预案,还是实施国民经济动员活动,都离不开决策。如何运用决策方法指导国民经济动员活动以提高动员的效率是现在研究的重点之一,任务分配是国民经济动员的重要环节之一,分配方案的好坏直接影响动员的效率和效益。而目前任务分配问题缺乏科学的指导,本文以“国民经济动员仿真演练系统”项目为背景,借鉴动态联盟中合作伙伴的选择方法,对国民经济动员中增量资源的任务分配问题进行有效的研究。
根据仿真演练的特点,提出应当考虑实时性,即企业在动员时期自身的任务。分析虚拟企业合作伙伴的选择与任务分配的相似之处,借鉴其思路得出任务分配的基本流程:首先根据关系理论选定过滤指标剔除不合格企业;再用模糊层次分析法对企业进行综合评比,选取候选企业;然后以时间和成本这两个最重要的因素为目标建立数学模型对候选企业进行数量上的优化,通过时间成本对问题进行变换,并采用A*算法求得结果。给出实例证明方法的可行性。最后阐述国民经济动员仿真演练系统中的任务分配决策模块的组成及各部分功能,并给出在基于HLA分布式仿真系统中获得实时数据的方法。
应用文中的任务分配基本流程及方法,可以获得任务分配优化的满意解,能够为国民经济动员中的任务分配,以及制定可执行性预案提供科学的决策支持。
Mobilization National Economy(NEM) is such a series of activities changing the economy condition from peaceful time to war time in order to protect the national security and meet the war demand. Both preparing for NEM, constituting the National Economy Mobilization Preparedness(NEMP), and executing the NEM activities can’t be separated from decision-making. How decision-making will guide NEM activities to raise the efficiency of mobilization is one of the focuses of the study. Task assignment which lacks of scientific guidance at present is an important element of NEM, the scheme will have a direct impact on the efficiency of mobilization. This thesis is mainly from the project of NEM Simulation and Training System. It will research the task assignment on incremental resources using the method for Virtual Enterprise(VE) partner selection for reference.
According to the characters of NEM Simulation and Training System, real-time which means enterprises own task during the mobilization time should be considered. After the analyzing the similarity between VE partner selection and task assignment, the basic process of task assignment are given: First, the qualified enterprises are selected according to filtrate objects confirmed by Relationship theory. Among those qualified enterprises, the Fuzzy-AHP is applied to give a comprehensive comparison to get candidate enterprises. Then, based on the consideration of time and cost, an mathematical model is constructed to get the optimal amount of the candidate enterprises. And the result is gotten through the introduction of the concept of time-cost and the A* algorithm. The feasibility of the above method is testified by the example given subsequently. At the end of the thesis, the composing of the decision module of task assignment in the NEM Simulation and Training System as well as the function of those components are illustrated. And a HLA-based method is proposed to get real-time data
The content solution will be obtained by using the method in this thesis. It can provide the scientific decision support for task assignment in NEM and the constitution of executable NEMP.
根据仿真演练的特点,提出应当考虑实时性,即企业在动员时期自身的任务。分析虚拟企业合作伙伴的选择与任务分配的相似之处,借鉴其思路得出任务分配的基本流程:首先根据关系理论选定过滤指标剔除不合格企业;再用模糊层次分析法对企业进行综合评比,选取候选企业;然后以时间和成本这两个最重要的因素为目标建立数学模型对候选企业进行数量上的优化,通过时间成本对问题进行变换,并采用A*算法求得结果。给出实例证明方法的可行性。最后阐述国民经济动员仿真演练系统中的任务分配决策模块的组成及各部分功能,并给出在基于HLA分布式仿真系统中获得实时数据的方法。
应用文中的任务分配基本流程及方法,可以获得任务分配优化的满意解,能够为国民经济动员中的任务分配,以及制定可执行性预案提供科学的决策支持。
Mobilization National Economy(NEM) is such a series of activities changing the economy condition from peaceful time to war time in order to protect the national security and meet the war demand. Both preparing for NEM, constituting the National Economy Mobilization Preparedness(NEMP), and executing the NEM activities can’t be separated from decision-making. How decision-making will guide NEM activities to raise the efficiency of mobilization is one of the focuses of the study. Task assignment which lacks of scientific guidance at present is an important element of NEM, the scheme will have a direct impact on the efficiency of mobilization. This thesis is mainly from the project of NEM Simulation and Training System. It will research the task assignment on incremental resources using the method for Virtual Enterprise(VE) partner selection for reference.
According to the characters of NEM Simulation and Training System, real-time which means enterprises own task during the mobilization time should be considered. After the analyzing the similarity between VE partner selection and task assignment, the basic process of task assignment are given: First, the qualified enterprises are selected according to filtrate objects confirmed by Relationship theory. Among those qualified enterprises, the Fuzzy-AHP is applied to give a comprehensive comparison to get candidate enterprises. Then, based on the consideration of time and cost, an mathematical model is constructed to get the optimal amount of the candidate enterprises. And the result is gotten through the introduction of the concept of time-cost and the A* algorithm. The feasibility of the above method is testified by the example given subsequently. At the end of the thesis, the composing of the decision module of task assignment in the NEM Simulation and Training System as well as the function of those components are illustrated. And a HLA-based method is proposed to get real-time data
The content solution will be obtained by using the method in this thesis. It can provide the scientific decision support for task assignment in NEM and the constitution of executable NEMP.
引文
[1] 陈德第. 新时期国民经济动员理论框架. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2003, 5(3): 44-48
[2] 曲福田. 资源经济学. 第一版. 北京: 中国农业出版社. 2001. 2-4
[3] 张纪海. 基于 Multi-Agent 国民经济动员系统建模与仿真研究. [博士学位毕业论文]. 北京: 北京理工大学, 2005.
[4] 朱庆林, 肖廷杰. 国民经济动员概论. 第一版. 北京: 军事科学出版社, 2000. 15-25
[5] 孔昭君. 通过预案促进国民经济动员的准备. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2004, 6(3): 4-6
[6] 孔昭君. 国民经济动员技术体系初探. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 1999, 19(4): 416-419
[7] Luis M. Sanchez, Rakesh Nagi. A Review of agile manufacturing systems. International Journal of Production Research, 2001, 39(16): 3561-3600
[8] Walton J, Whicker L. Virtual Enterprise: Myth and Reality. Journal of Control, 1996, 27(3): 22-25
[9] Grainer R, Metes G.. Has Out Sourcing Gone too Far. Business Week, 1996, 4(1): 28-30
[10] A. Molina, M. Flowers. A Virtual Enterprise in Mexico: From Concepts to Practice. Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems, 1999, 26(7): 289-302
[11] Sha D.Y., Che Z.H. Virtual integration with a multi-criteria partner selection model for the multi-echelon manufacturing system. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2005, 25(7): 793-802
[12] Huang XG, Wong YS, Wang JG. A two-stage manufacturing partner selection framework for virtual enterprises, 2004,17(4): 294-304
[13] 张辉, 程涛, 胡于进. 虚拟制造组织中的任务分配问题. 中国制造业信息化, 2003, 32(7): 90 - 94.
[14] 钱碧波, 潘晓弘, 程耀东. 敏捷虚拟企业合作伙伴选择评价体系研究. 中国机械工程, 2000, 11(4): 397-401
[15] 邹昊飞, 王杰, 蒋玉明. 虚拟企业中合作伙伴选择的研究. 制造业自动化, 2003, 25(6): 13-15
[16] 陈静杰, 王扶东, 朱云龙等. 基于群决策的供应链伙伴选择与评价过程. 控制与决策, 2002, 17(11): 690-694
[17] Wu Naiqi, Mao Ning, Qian Yanming. An Approach to Partner Selection in agile manufacturing. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 1999, 10(6): 519-529
[18] 钱西汉, 王成涛. 在动态联盟中企业的盟员选择中的应用. 机械设计与制造工程, 2000, 29(4): 30-31
[19] 巩亚东, 赵志宏, 王宛山. 网络联盟企业组建中的合作伙伴选择策略. 东北大学学报(自然科学版), 2003, 24(2): 136-139
[20] 吴宪华, 张列平. 动态联盟伙伴选择的决策方法及其战略评估模型的建立.系统工程, 1998, 16(6): 38-43
[21] 陈翔宇, 申德荣, 于戈. 动态联盟中伙伴选择策略的研究. 计算机工程, 2005, 31(14): 161-163
[22] 冯蔚东, 陈剑, 赵纯均. 基于遗传算法的虚拟企业伙伴选择过程及优化模型. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2000, 40(10): 120-124
[23] 马祖军. 基于遗传算法的供应链联盟伙伴选择. 系统工程理论与实践, 2003, 9(7): 81-84
[24] Zhao Fuqing, Hong Yi, Yu Dongmei. A multi-objective optimization model of the partner selection problem in a virtual enterprise and its solution with genetic algorithms. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2006, 28(11): 1246-1253
[25] 唐貅武, 唐焕文. 动态联盟中伙伴选择的证据推理方法. 计算机集成制造系统, 2003, 9(1): 57-62.
[26] 徐学斌, 顾剑飞, 张新曼. 基于模块化神经网络的动态联盟伙伴优化选择. 微电子学与计算机, 2004, 21(1): 90-92
[27] 钟诗胜, 汤新民. 基于多智能体和合同网的虚拟企业伙伴选择. 计算机集成制造系统. 2004, l10(9): 1109-1113
[28] 孔昭君. 论敏捷动员. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2005, 7(1): 22-28
[29] 董平. 敏捷动员模式下国民经济动员潜力评价体系及方法研究. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2005, 7(3): 3-5
[30] 余明晖, 曾伟, 朱卫锋等. 基于高层体系结构(HLA)的国民经济动员仿真演练系统. 科技进步与对策, 2004, 3(5): 10-11
[31] 张纪海. 论国民经济动员系统的复杂适应性. 军事经济研究, 2005, 3(9): 38-39
[32] Gilbert, F.W.Yong J.A., O.Neal,C.R. Buyer-seller Relationships in JIT Purchasing Environment. Journal of Bussiness Research, 1994, 29(3): 111-120
[33] 陈菊红, 汪应洛, 孙林岩. 灵捷虚拟企业科学管理. 第一版. 西安: 西安交通大学出版社, 2002. 116-117
[34] 张纪海. 动员联盟盟员的敏捷性评价指标体系. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2005, 7(5):6-8
[35] Van Laarhoven P.J.M, Pedrycz W.. A Fuzzy Extension of Saaty’s Priority Theory. Fuzzy Sets and Systems 1983, 11(3): 229- 241.
[36] Chang D.Y. Applications of the extent analysis method of Fuzzy AHP. European Jouranl of Operational Research, 1996, 95(8): 649-655
[37] 洪伟明, 刘晋. 基于模糊 AHP 的供应链敏捷性评价. 江苏商论, 2006.2(8): 94-96
[38] Ethem Tolga, Murat Levent Demircan, Cengiz Kahraman. Operating system selection using fuzzy replacement analysis and analytic hierarchy process. International Journal of Production Econmics, 2005, 97(6): 89-117
[39] 常大勇, 张丽丽. 经济管理中的模糊数学方法. 第一版. 北京:北京经济学院出版社, 1995. 146-154
[40] E S Lee, R L Li. Comparision of Fuzzy Numbers Based on the Probability Measure of Fuzzy Events. Computers and Mathematics with Applications, 1998, 15(8): 887 – 896
[41] K Kim, K Park1 Ranking Fuzzy Numbers with Index of Optimism. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 1990, 35(2): 143-150
[42] L H Chen , H W Lu. The Preference Order of Fuzzy Numbers. Computers and Mathematics with Applications, 2002, 44(10): 1455-1465
[43] P Fortemps, M Roubens. Ranking and Defuzzification Methods Based on AreaCompensation. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 1996, 82 (3): 319 - 330
[44] 黄爱华, 叶飞. 虚拟企业的任务分配与协调技术. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2002, 30(5): 1-4
[45] 叶飞, 孙东川, 张红. 虚拟企业的任务分配与协调技术研究. 制造业自动化, 2002, 24(11): 34-37.
[46] [英]伊恩.M 道布斯. 管理经济学――企业、市场和工商决策. 第一版. 上海: 上海财经大学出版社, 2003. 153-160
[47] [美]Niles J. Nilsson 人工智能. 第二版. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2000. 84-93
[48] 周彦, 戴剑伟. HLA 仿真程序设计. 第一版. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2002. 292-306.
[2] 曲福田. 资源经济学. 第一版. 北京: 中国农业出版社. 2001. 2-4
[3] 张纪海. 基于 Multi-Agent 国民经济动员系统建模与仿真研究. [博士学位毕业论文]. 北京: 北京理工大学, 2005.
[4] 朱庆林, 肖廷杰. 国民经济动员概论. 第一版. 北京: 军事科学出版社, 2000. 15-25
[5] 孔昭君. 通过预案促进国民经济动员的准备. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2004, 6(3): 4-6
[6] 孔昭君. 国民经济动员技术体系初探. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 1999, 19(4): 416-419
[7] Luis M. Sanchez, Rakesh Nagi. A Review of agile manufacturing systems. International Journal of Production Research, 2001, 39(16): 3561-3600
[8] Walton J, Whicker L. Virtual Enterprise: Myth and Reality. Journal of Control, 1996, 27(3): 22-25
[9] Grainer R, Metes G.. Has Out Sourcing Gone too Far. Business Week, 1996, 4(1): 28-30
[10] A. Molina, M. Flowers. A Virtual Enterprise in Mexico: From Concepts to Practice. Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems, 1999, 26(7): 289-302
[11] Sha D.Y., Che Z.H. Virtual integration with a multi-criteria partner selection model for the multi-echelon manufacturing system. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2005, 25(7): 793-802
[12] Huang XG, Wong YS, Wang JG. A two-stage manufacturing partner selection framework for virtual enterprises, 2004,17(4): 294-304
[13] 张辉, 程涛, 胡于进. 虚拟制造组织中的任务分配问题. 中国制造业信息化, 2003, 32(7): 90 - 94.
[14] 钱碧波, 潘晓弘, 程耀东. 敏捷虚拟企业合作伙伴选择评价体系研究. 中国机械工程, 2000, 11(4): 397-401
[15] 邹昊飞, 王杰, 蒋玉明. 虚拟企业中合作伙伴选择的研究. 制造业自动化, 2003, 25(6): 13-15
[16] 陈静杰, 王扶东, 朱云龙等. 基于群决策的供应链伙伴选择与评价过程. 控制与决策, 2002, 17(11): 690-694
[17] Wu Naiqi, Mao Ning, Qian Yanming. An Approach to Partner Selection in agile manufacturing. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 1999, 10(6): 519-529
[18] 钱西汉, 王成涛. 在动态联盟中企业的盟员选择中的应用. 机械设计与制造工程, 2000, 29(4): 30-31
[19] 巩亚东, 赵志宏, 王宛山. 网络联盟企业组建中的合作伙伴选择策略. 东北大学学报(自然科学版), 2003, 24(2): 136-139
[20] 吴宪华, 张列平. 动态联盟伙伴选择的决策方法及其战略评估模型的建立.系统工程, 1998, 16(6): 38-43
[21] 陈翔宇, 申德荣, 于戈. 动态联盟中伙伴选择策略的研究. 计算机工程, 2005, 31(14): 161-163
[22] 冯蔚东, 陈剑, 赵纯均. 基于遗传算法的虚拟企业伙伴选择过程及优化模型. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2000, 40(10): 120-124
[23] 马祖军. 基于遗传算法的供应链联盟伙伴选择. 系统工程理论与实践, 2003, 9(7): 81-84
[24] Zhao Fuqing, Hong Yi, Yu Dongmei. A multi-objective optimization model of the partner selection problem in a virtual enterprise and its solution with genetic algorithms. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2006, 28(11): 1246-1253
[25] 唐貅武, 唐焕文. 动态联盟中伙伴选择的证据推理方法. 计算机集成制造系统, 2003, 9(1): 57-62.
[26] 徐学斌, 顾剑飞, 张新曼. 基于模块化神经网络的动态联盟伙伴优化选择. 微电子学与计算机, 2004, 21(1): 90-92
[27] 钟诗胜, 汤新民. 基于多智能体和合同网的虚拟企业伙伴选择. 计算机集成制造系统. 2004, l10(9): 1109-1113
[28] 孔昭君. 论敏捷动员. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2005, 7(1): 22-28
[29] 董平. 敏捷动员模式下国民经济动员潜力评价体系及方法研究. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2005, 7(3): 3-5
[30] 余明晖, 曾伟, 朱卫锋等. 基于高层体系结构(HLA)的国民经济动员仿真演练系统. 科技进步与对策, 2004, 3(5): 10-11
[31] 张纪海. 论国民经济动员系统的复杂适应性. 军事经济研究, 2005, 3(9): 38-39
[32] Gilbert, F.W.Yong J.A., O.Neal,C.R. Buyer-seller Relationships in JIT Purchasing Environment. Journal of Bussiness Research, 1994, 29(3): 111-120
[33] 陈菊红, 汪应洛, 孙林岩. 灵捷虚拟企业科学管理. 第一版. 西安: 西安交通大学出版社, 2002. 116-117
[34] 张纪海. 动员联盟盟员的敏捷性评价指标体系. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2005, 7(5):6-8
[35] Van Laarhoven P.J.M, Pedrycz W.. A Fuzzy Extension of Saaty’s Priority Theory. Fuzzy Sets and Systems 1983, 11(3): 229- 241.
[36] Chang D.Y. Applications of the extent analysis method of Fuzzy AHP. European Jouranl of Operational Research, 1996, 95(8): 649-655
[37] 洪伟明, 刘晋. 基于模糊 AHP 的供应链敏捷性评价. 江苏商论, 2006.2(8): 94-96
[38] Ethem Tolga, Murat Levent Demircan, Cengiz Kahraman. Operating system selection using fuzzy replacement analysis and analytic hierarchy process. International Journal of Production Econmics, 2005, 97(6): 89-117
[39] 常大勇, 张丽丽. 经济管理中的模糊数学方法. 第一版. 北京:北京经济学院出版社, 1995. 146-154
[40] E S Lee, R L Li. Comparision of Fuzzy Numbers Based on the Probability Measure of Fuzzy Events. Computers and Mathematics with Applications, 1998, 15(8): 887 – 896
[41] K Kim, K Park1 Ranking Fuzzy Numbers with Index of Optimism. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 1990, 35(2): 143-150
[42] L H Chen , H W Lu. The Preference Order of Fuzzy Numbers. Computers and Mathematics with Applications, 2002, 44(10): 1455-1465
[43] P Fortemps, M Roubens. Ranking and Defuzzification Methods Based on AreaCompensation. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 1996, 82 (3): 319 - 330
[44] 黄爱华, 叶飞. 虚拟企业的任务分配与协调技术. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2002, 30(5): 1-4
[45] 叶飞, 孙东川, 张红. 虚拟企业的任务分配与协调技术研究. 制造业自动化, 2002, 24(11): 34-37.
[46] [英]伊恩.M 道布斯. 管理经济学――企业、市场和工商决策. 第一版. 上海: 上海财经大学出版社, 2003. 153-160
[47] [美]Niles J. Nilsson 人工智能. 第二版. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2000. 84-93
[48] 周彦, 戴剑伟. HLA 仿真程序设计. 第一版. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2002. 292-306.