用户名: 密码: 验证码:
高温热浪诊断分析及应用
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
由于近几十年来全球气候变暖的加剧,致使全球范围内的极端高温天气频频发生,高温热浪事件的出现也越来越突出,并且直接影响人类的身体健康,以及给人们生活的各个方面、社会所带来的经济损失等的影响都是非常巨大的,慢慢的这也引起了世界各国政府和科学家们的广泛关注。虽然人类在面对高温热浪事件的发生还没有非常有效的科技手段完全加以阻止或者消除,但是确可以采取适当的处理措施和有效的防范机制,把高温热浪带来的负面影响降至最低程度。同时随着计算机技术的飞速发展、气象资料越来越丰富,因此合理高效的利用现有技术以及庞大的气象资料开展高温热浪诊断分析是高温热浪预警预报中的一个关键环节。
     本文主要是从高温热浪数据、诊断分析算法以及相关气候影响因子这三方面着手,对高温热浪事件进行全面、科学的诊断分析,并提供给气象业务员更加直观的气象信息和诊断分析工具,本文的主要完成的工作有:
     (1)分析了高温热浪的数据来源,对其进行了规格分析以及相应的数据预处理。其数据主要是通过气象卫星、气象自动站、雷达等采集而来,数据来源非常广,而且数据采集过程中常常会出现数据缺失现象(如某时未采集到气温数据)。所以本文根据高温热浪业务的需求对数据的规格进行了分析,并且针对缺失数据、业务需求等情况使用样条函数算法或求平均值做相应的预处理。
     (2)研究并实现了与高温热浪业务相关的多种推理和分析算法,如突变分析算法、EOF算法、CCA算法、SVD算法等多种算法,使得气象业务员能更加全面、科学的诊断分析高温热浪与其他影响因子之间的关系。
     (3)对各个气候影响因子(大陆高压、阻塞高压、副热带高压、海温、季风等)进行相应的诊断分析,计算其的相关物理量以及通过NCL语言绘制出其物理量的自身规律产品图,从而使得气象业务员能更加方便的掌握高温热浪与影响因子的关系。
Due to global warming intensifies in the recent decades, resulting infrequent occurrence the extreme hot weather in the worldwide and more and moreheat waves events. It’s directly affected the human health, as well as affectthe all aspects of people’s live. To economic losses of the social broughtabout by the impact is huge. And then it also has aroused widespread concernin the world's governments and scientists. In the face of the occurrence ofheat wave events, human have not yet very effective means of science andtechnology to completely prevent or eliminate, but we can certainly take themeasures of appropriate and effective preventive mechanism, make the negativeimpact of heat waves to minimize. With the rapid development of computertechnology, meteorological data more and more abundant, rational andefficient use the existing technology and a large meteorological data to carryout the heat wave diagnostic analysis is a key part in the heat wave warningforecast.
     In this paper, based on the heat wave data, diagnostic analysis ofalgorithms and related climate impact factor of these three aspects,comprehensive, scientific diagnostic analysis of the heat wave event, andprovide give meteorological clerk more intuitive weather information anddiagnostic tools.
     The achievements of this paper are:
     (1) Analysis the sources data of the heat waves, carry on specificationanalysis to the data, and the corresponding data pre-processing. Those databe collected from meteorological satellites, automatic weather stations andradar.because of the source of data is very broad,and data collection processis often the phenomenon of missing data (such as temperature data is not collected in sometime)。Therefore, the paper carry on specification analysisto the data according to the needs of the business of heat waves, and usingthe Spline function and average pretreatment the data for the missing data、business needs.
     (2) This paper research and implemented a variety of business-relatedanalysis and inference algorithms, such as mutation analysis, EOF, CCA, SVDand so on. The meteorological clerk can more comprehensive, scientificdiagnosis analysis heat wave the relationship with other influencing factor.
     (3) Details introduce and calculate the relevant physical quantities ofthe climate impact factor (Continental high pressure, blocking high-pressure,subtropical high, SST, monsoon, etc.), Calculation of their relevant physicalquantities, as well as using the NCL language to map out the physical law ofproduct plot, making the meteorological clerk can be more convenient to graspthe relationship of the heat wave and its influencing factors.
引文
[1]谈建国,陆晨,陈正洪.高温热浪与人体健康[M].气象出版社.2009:2‐20
    [2] Karl T R,Kukla G,Razuvayev V N,et al.Golbal warming:evidence for asymmetric diurnaltemperature change.GeoPhis Res Lett.,1991,18:253‐2256.
    [3]Frich P,Alexander L V,Della‐Marta P,et al.Observed coherent change change in climatic extremesduring the second half of the twentieth century[J].Clim.Res.,2002,19(3):193‐212
    [4] Mantou M J,Della‐Marta P M,Haylock M R,et al.Trend in extreme daily rainfall and temperature insoutheast Asia and the south Pacific;1961‐1998.Int J Climator,2001,1:269‐284.
    [5] Gruza,G.,E.Rankova,V.Razuvaev,and o.Bulygina.Indieators of elimate Change for the RussianFederation.1999.Climatic change,42(1):219‐242.
    [6]Nogaj M,Yioup,pareys,etal.Amplitude and frequent of temperture extremes over the NorthAtlantic region. GeoPhysiealResearchLetters,2006,33(5).
    [7] Ghill M., and R.Vatuard, Interdecadal oscillations and the warming trend in global temperature timeseries,Nature,1991,350:324‐32
    [8] IPCC Report. Climate Change2001:The Scientific Basis,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,2001:140‐165.
    [9]Angell,J.K.,1985,variation and trends in troposhperic and stratospheric global temperatures,J.Climate,1,1296一1313.
    [10]耿勃、车培珍.济南市7‐8月高温天气的分析与预报.山东气象,1995,61(4);
    [11]程秀杰、车培珍、耿勃.济南市6月份高温预报方法.山东气象,1998,71(l):33‐34;
    [12]杨成芳、龚佃利、张苏平.山东酷热天气统计特征分析.气象,2003,29(9);
    [13]邹瑾山东省夏季高温异常的气候特征与成因分析[D],中国海洋大学,2004
    [14]张玛中国夏季高温变化特征及其影响过程研究[D],南京信息工程大学,2011
    [15]翟盘茂,任福民.中国近40年最高最低温度变化气象学报1997,55(4):418‐429
    [16]马晓波.中国西北地区最高、最低气温的非对称变化气象学报1999,57(5):613‐621
    [17]王亚伟,翟盘茂.田华.近40年南方高温变化特征与2003年的高温事件[J].气象2006,32(10):27‐33.
    [18]江志红,丁裕国,屠其璞.中国近50年冬夏极端气温场的年代际空间型态及其演变特征研究[J],应用生态学报,1999,10(增刊):97‐103
    [19]丁裕国,江志红.中国近50年严冬和冷夏演变趋势与区划.应用气象学报,1995,10(增刊):88‐96.
    [20]翟盘茂,潘晓华.中国北方近50年温度和降水极端事件变化.地理学报,2003,58(9):1‐10
    [21]张天宇,程炳岩,刘晓冉等.重庆极端高温的变化特征及其对区域性增暖的响应[J],气象,2008,2:848‐854.
    [22]陈月娟、张弘、周任君等,西太平洋副热带高压的强度和位置与亚洲地表温度之关系,大气科学,2001,25(4):515‐522.
    [23]刘永强,丁一汇,ENSO事件对我国季节降水和温度的影响,大气科学,1995,19(2):200‐208.
    [24]杨辉,李崇银,2003年夏季中国江南异常高温的分析研究,气候与环境研究,2005,10(l):80‐85.
    [25]蔡佳熙,管兆勇,高庆九等,近50年长江中下游地区夏季气温变化与东半球环流异常,地理学报,2009,64(3):289‐302.
    [26] Nitta T. Convective activities in the western tropical Pacific and their circulation. JMet.Soe.Japan,1987,64:373‐390.
    [27]魏凤英,张先恭,北太平洋海表温度与中国夏季气温的藕合特征,我国短期气候变化及成因研究,北京气象出版社,1996:67‐74.
    [28]唐卫亚,孙照渤,印度洋海温异常与中国气温异常的可能联系,南京气象学院学报,2007,30(5):667‐673
    [29]李崇银.El Nino事件与中国东部气温异常[J].热带气象,1985,5(3):210‐219.
    [30]丁华君,周玲丽,查责,翟国庆.2003夏季江南异常高温大气分析[J].浙江人学学报,2007,34(1):100‐105.
    [31]徐瑞珍,张先恭.我国东部地区夏季气温场与500hPa高度场的关系[A].东北夏季低温长期预报文集,气象出版社,1983,127‐134.
    [32]邹燕,周信禹,林毅等.福建省夏季高温成因分析[J].气象,2001,27(9):26‐30.
    [33]张尚印,王守荣,王永山等.我国东部主要城市夏季高温气候特征及预测[J].热带气象学报,2004,20(6):750‐760.
    [34] D.Y.Gong,Y.2.pan,and J.A.Wang.Changes in extreme daily mean temperatures in summer ineastern China during1995‐2000[J].Theoretical and Applied Climatology,2004,77:25‐37.
    [35]杨绚,李栋梁.我国冬季气温异常对东亚季风和高原加热场的响应[J].高原气象,2009,28(4):731‐737.
    [36]龚道溢,王绍武等.北极涛动对我国冬季日气温方差的显著影响[J].科学通报,2004,49(5):487‐492.
    [37]李春化.多种语言混合编程技术[J].火控雷达技术,1996,25:60~68
    [38]李霞.一种Fortran语言源到源转换的研究和实现[D].中国人民解放军信息工程大学.2001.
    [39]沈莹.计算可靠性分析和程序设计语言对可靠性的影响[D].上海交通大学学位论文.2008.
    [40]王继竹,王咏青,李春虎.NCL在气象数据图形化中的应用[J].山东气象.2007(2).33‐36.
    [41] Shea, Cathy,et al. Overview of Globalization Support.Oracle Database GlobalizationSupport Guide11g Release1(11.1),2007,9‐17.
    [42] Oracle9i数据库技术.孟德欣.清华大学出版社.2004.11
    [43][美]Richard. Oracle9i性能调整.清华大学出版社.2004.3
    [44] ichael Ault著.江漫,张斌,扬帆等译. Oracle数据库管理与维护技术手册(修订版)清华大学出版社2003.1.
    [45] David C. Kreines,Brian Laskey著张玉英译《Oracle数据库管理》中国电力出版社2003.10
    [46] Jonathan Gennick:Oracle SQL*Plus: The Definitive Guide,2nd Edition O'Reilly2004.10
    [47] RICHARD STARON: GUERRILLA ORACLE: THE SUCCINCT WINDOWSPERSPECTIVE PEARSON2003.2.
    [48](美)英格拉姆著张建明英宇译Oracle性能优化——已证实的获得最佳性能和可用性方法.清华大学出版社2003.4.
    [49]张蒲生.ORACLE9I.数据库应用技术.中国水利水电出版社2004.9
    [50]魏凤英.现代气候统计诊断与预测技术.气象出版社.1999.10.62‐72
    [51]王锦贵,许君强.东北短期气候研究[M].气象出版社.1998.8.52‐59
    [52]徐瑞珍,张先恭.经验正交函数在两个气象场相关分析中的应用.气象学报,1982,40(1);117‐122
    [53]邓伟涛.夏季北极涛动(AO)、东亚夏季风与中国东部降水的年代际变化关系[D].南京信息工程大学.2005
    [54]蔡佳熙.长江中下游夏季气温异常和分型及形成机理研究.南京信息工程大学.2010

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700