萍钢45#钢生产工艺优化研究
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摘要
本文结合萍钢安钢实际生产装备情况,对品种钢45#钢生产工艺进行了研究,采用大渣量单渣法转炉脱磷技术,配合铁水预处理单喷镁法脱硫工艺以及炉后优化脱氧合金化技术或LF炉精炼脱硫工艺,对45#钢的两种生产工艺方案从转炉脱磷、转炉终点情况、夹杂物控制、铸坯质量以及不同的脱硫效果等方面进行对比分析,并对两种工艺中成本控制进行了简要分析。
通过研究发现,在两种工艺实施条件下,转炉采用大渣量单渣法脱磷能满足45#钢磷小于0.025%的成分设计要求,其中铁水Si越低越有利于成品磷的控制,即脱磷率越高;同时对在两种工艺终点碳(出钢碳)较低的情况下(C:0.05%～0.07%),即钢水氧含量较高的条件下,钢中夹杂物都能够达到质量要求,但LF炉精炼工艺更优于夹杂物的控制且成品硫更易于控制。实践中,铁水预处理脱硫后冶炼,成品硫值稍高于LF炉成品硫值分布,但在45#钢成分设计水平之内,在连铸配水机制相同的条件下,铸坯质量满足轧制要求,夹杂物等级在0.5～1.0之间波动,且具有很大的成本优势,吨钢成本比LF精炼成本下降36元/t钢。
研究中也发现,连铸比水量过大会造成铸坯质量下降,在比水量控制在0.8～1.0L/kg、中间包温度控制在1525±10℃条件下,能实现铸坯质量最优化。
This article based on the actual production equipment situation in the second station of the PG. steel corp., the produce of the special steel: 45# steel has been researched. Using big drags quantity and single slag practice by the BOF dephosphorization technology, coordinating with the desulphurization process of the molten iron to pre-treat by single blow grain magnesium as well as optimizing the de-aeration alloy technology or the LF fining desulphurization process, we set the two process about the 45# steel production and contrast analyses from the BOF dephosphorization, the BOF end point situation, the inclusion control, castes aspects and semifinished product quality as well as different desulphurization effect, meanwhile the cost control has carried on the brief analysis to two crafts in.
Through the research discovery, under two process implementation condition, the BOF using big dregs quantity and single slag practice, the dephosphorization all to be satisfy the 45# steel ingredient design request which the phosphorus is smaller than 0.025%, in which the lower molten iron Si, the more advantageous to the end product phosphorus control, namely the dephosphorization rate is higher; meanwhile the low end point carbon (tapping carbon) situation in two process, namely under the molten steel high oxygen condition, the steel the inclusion can achieve the quality requirement, but the LF fining process surpasses the inclusion the control as well as the end product sulfur change in the control. In the practice, under the molten iron pretreatment desulphurization smelts process, the end product sulfur number is higher than the LF fining end product sulfur number distribution slightly, but in the steel ingredient design level. Under the matching water mechanism of the continuous casting in same conditions, casts semifinished product quality satisfy the rolling request, the inclusion rank undulates in the between 0.5～1.0, also has the very great cost superiority, the ton steel cost drops 36 Yuan /t compared to the LF fining cost.
The research also discover that the more specific water amount of the continuous casting can create the semifinished product drop in quality. Under the specific water amount control in 0.8～1.0L/kg and the tundish temperature control under 1525±10℃the condition, can realize casts the semifinished product quality optimization,
通过研究发现,在两种工艺实施条件下,转炉采用大渣量单渣法脱磷能满足45#钢磷小于0.025%的成分设计要求,其中铁水Si越低越有利于成品磷的控制,即脱磷率越高;同时对在两种工艺终点碳(出钢碳)较低的情况下(C:0.05%～0.07%),即钢水氧含量较高的条件下,钢中夹杂物都能够达到质量要求,但LF炉精炼工艺更优于夹杂物的控制且成品硫更易于控制。实践中,铁水预处理脱硫后冶炼,成品硫值稍高于LF炉成品硫值分布,但在45#钢成分设计水平之内,在连铸配水机制相同的条件下,铸坯质量满足轧制要求,夹杂物等级在0.5～1.0之间波动,且具有很大的成本优势,吨钢成本比LF精炼成本下降36元/t钢。
研究中也发现,连铸比水量过大会造成铸坯质量下降,在比水量控制在0.8～1.0L/kg、中间包温度控制在1525±10℃条件下,能实现铸坯质量最优化。
This article based on the actual production equipment situation in the second station of the PG. steel corp., the produce of the special steel: 45# steel has been researched. Using big drags quantity and single slag practice by the BOF dephosphorization technology, coordinating with the desulphurization process of the molten iron to pre-treat by single blow grain magnesium as well as optimizing the de-aeration alloy technology or the LF fining desulphurization process, we set the two process about the 45# steel production and contrast analyses from the BOF dephosphorization, the BOF end point situation, the inclusion control, castes aspects and semifinished product quality as well as different desulphurization effect, meanwhile the cost control has carried on the brief analysis to two crafts in.
Through the research discovery, under two process implementation condition, the BOF using big dregs quantity and single slag practice, the dephosphorization all to be satisfy the 45# steel ingredient design request which the phosphorus is smaller than 0.025%, in which the lower molten iron Si, the more advantageous to the end product phosphorus control, namely the dephosphorization rate is higher; meanwhile the low end point carbon (tapping carbon) situation in two process, namely under the molten steel high oxygen condition, the steel the inclusion can achieve the quality requirement, but the LF fining process surpasses the inclusion the control as well as the end product sulfur change in the control. In the practice, under the molten iron pretreatment desulphurization smelts process, the end product sulfur number is higher than the LF fining end product sulfur number distribution slightly, but in the steel ingredient design level. Under the matching water mechanism of the continuous casting in same conditions, casts semifinished product quality satisfy the rolling request, the inclusion rank undulates in the between 0.5～1.0, also has the very great cost superiority, the ton steel cost drops 36 Yuan /t compared to the LF fining cost.
The research also discover that the more specific water amount of the continuous casting can create the semifinished product drop in quality. Under the specific water amount control in 0.8～1.0L/kg and the tundish temperature control under 1525±10℃the condition, can realize casts the semifinished product quality optimization,
引文
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[2]刘洪波,刘正华,陈常义等.济钢含铝钢冶炼工艺的改进[J].钢铁,2002,37(增刊):275
[3]李作鑫,孟凡玉,刘洪波等.济钢一炼钢厂45#钢开发生产[J].钢铁,2002,37(增刊):271
[4]蔡旋申.SWRCH35K的研制与开发[J].钢铁,2002,37(增刊):544
[5]黄静,陈寿红.60#钢开发与生产实践[J].河南冶金,2008,(5):47～49
[6]纪永元.转炉炼钢钢铁料消耗的定量研究[J].炼钢,1995,(3):33～37
[7]王安沁.太钢LD转炉少渣炼钢初探[J].炼钢,1992,(5):45～56
[8]吴光亚,于定孚.铁水预处理和无渣或少渣炼钢[J].上海金属,1983,5(1):1
[9]蒋晓放,陈兆平.宝钢少渣炼钢的实践[J].钢铁,2002,37(增刊):308
[10]陈华,嵇延军,王志刚等.优化工艺过程提高45#钢热顶锻合格率[C].2004年全国炼钢、轧钢生产技术会议论文集,中国金属学会,2004:30
[11]黄希祜主编.钢铁冶金原理(第三版)[M].北京:冶金工艺出版社,2002:203～207
[12]陈家祥主编.钢铁冶金学(炼钢部分)[M].北京:冶金工艺出版社,1989:102
[13]董元篪,郭上型,王世俊等.低磷钢冶炼的理论和工艺问题[C].2004年全国炼钢、轧钢生产技术会议论文集,中国金属学会,2004:206
[14]李涛,许晓东.转炉脱磷冶炼工艺研究[J].钢铁,2002,37(增刊):404
[15] Bannenberg N, Lachrnund H. Metallurgical procedure to achieve very low phosphorus content[J]. La.rerue de Metallurgy-CIT, 1994: 1043
[16]王祖滨,东涛主编.低合金高强度钢[M].北京:冶金工艺出版社,1996:63
[17]徐匡迪.油气管线用钢性能要求与工艺技术进展[J].上海冶金,1986,(8):11
[18]知水,王平,侯树庭主编.特殊钢炉外精炼[M].北京:原子能出版社,1996:102
[19]魏寿昆主编.冶金过程热力学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1980:253
[20]戴云阁,李文秀,龙腾春主编.现代转炉炼钢[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,1998:21
[21]刘志敏,李怀成.铁水的炉外脱硫[J].山西冶金,2007,(1):64～65
[22]亓立峰.KR脱硫剂在济钢的开发应用[J].安徽工业大学学报(自然科学版),2005:576
[23]陶镳.铁水脱硫技术在120t转炉项目中的应用[J].江苏冶金,2003,(4):22
[24]李博知.金属镁用于炉外脱硫的探讨[J].钢铁研究,2004,(5):58～61
[25]孟劲松.LF合成精炼渣优化与深脱硫工艺研究[D].东北大学博士学位论文,2006:20
[26]高艳宏.LF含钡精炼渣的研制与应用[D].东北大学硕士学位论文,2005:21
[27]陈襄武主编.钢铁冶金物理化学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1990:20
[28]黄诚,宋波,毛璟红等.铁液非均质形核的热力学研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2003,25(2):127～130
[29]梁淑华,任建亭,鲁开嶷等.酒钢高锰铁水冶炼高碳钢对锰变化规律研究[J].甘肃冶金,1998,(1):53～56
[30]曹兆民.氧气转炉炼钢造渣制度的剖析[C].全国转炉炼钢会议文选[M].北京:冶金工艺出版社,1982:73
[31]董履仁.白云石造渣中几个问题研究[C].全国转炉炼钢会议文选[M].北京:冶金工艺出版社,1982:64
[32]李新林,谢炳馨,贾红玉等.转炉炼钢快速成渣工艺探讨[J].河南冶金,2000,(4):7～8
[33]张庆奇,邓勇.钢水过氧化原因分析及危害[J].钢铁,2002,37(增刊):290
[34]刘跃,吴伟,刘浏等.转炉冶炼轴承钢钢水氧含量的研究[C].2005年中国钢铁年会论文集[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005:166
[35]陈襄武主编.炼钢过程脱氧[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1991:162
[36]战东平,李术川,姜周华等.AlMnCa合金脱氧技术研究[C].2005年中国钢铁年会论文集[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005:233
[37]朴峰云,王晓春,毕洪志等.通钢焊条钢脱氧工艺技术研究[C].2005年中国钢铁年会论文集[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005:243
[38]刘志明,陈晓文.Si-Ca-C复合脱氧剂在转炉炼钢中的应用[J].钢铁,2002,37(增刊):249
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