川南宋墓石刻图式分析及数字拓片研究
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摘要
拓片是中国特有的传统艺术表现形式,具有很高的历史价值和美学价值。拓片所具有的美感是照片不能替代的,今天的科学研究,很多地方也需要使用拓片。传统拓片的制作,需要在石刻作品表面进行捶拓,长此以往一定会对石刻作品产生破坏,从文物保护的角度来看,应该尽可能避免在原石刻上进行拓片制作。拓片的现实需求性与拓片制作对文物的破坏性是一对不可调合的矛盾,数字拓片思路的提出,是试图解决这一矛盾的尝试和实验。
目前国内对传统艺术的保护,已经得到了广泛的重视,但在拓片创新制作研究方面,却基本无经验可借鉴,其主要原因在于这一课题研究需要计算机技术与艺术学科的密切结合。本研究是将计算机技术运用到拓片制作领域的初次尝试,试图为保护传统文化提供一种新的思路,并对日后的应用性研究提供一些参考。
数字拓片的研究,涉及到原始石刻、拓片资料和数字技术三方面的内容。泸县是近年来宋代石刻出土较为集中的地区,出土石刻数量较多且造型精美,为数字拓片的研究提供了大量原始石刻素材,当地文管所提供的一些与原始石刻对应的拓片资料,给本研究工作带来了十分重要的帮助。本研究是以川南宋墓石刻为依托,通过对其图象特征进行分析,尝试找到手工拓片与原石刻图象特征的相互关系,并以实验的方式建立手工拓片的样本模板,为数字拓片提供可以信赖的参照标准。然后以手工拓片样本模板为参照,利用相关计算机技术实现数字拓片的生成。本论文主要的研究内容如下:
第一章,分析研究的意义和目的,论述国内外川南宋墓石刻图式分析和数字拓片领域的研究现状,讨论研究思路和具体方案,并简单介绍论文的主要内容。
第二章,对川南宋墓石刻图式作较深入的分析。通过对造型特征、构图特征、雕刻技法特征等全方位内容的剖析,找出对川南石刻拓片制作有影响的图式特征,为数字拓片的进一步研究作前期铺垫。
第三章,主要研究拓片制作技术的相关内容,通过对拓片这一中国古老艺术形式的深入了解,理清拓片的艺术价值、制作技术流程、风格样式等内容,为数字拓片制作提供参照坐标。
第四章,主要论述如何实现数字拓片的生成。提出制作数字拓片的研究目标,确立“两步走”的工作思路,分析实现数字拓片所需要的技术路线,建立手工拓片比对样本,寻找实现数字拓片的关键技术和环节,建立实现数字拓片的相关流程并做简单分析。
第五章,为数字拓片制作系统设计友好的可视化操作界面;采集和生成数字拓片的样本,应用统计学的方法,设计问卷,对其可信度进行分析,验证该系统的有效性和可行性。
Rubbing is a traditional art form unique to China, which is of high historical and aesthetic value and used in many ways in today’s scientific research, and whose aesthetic feeling cannot be replaced by photographs. In the traditional way of making rubbings, the stone inscriptions need to be battered, which would inevitably be damaged if things go on like this. For protecting cultural relics, efforts must be done to avoid making rubbings on the original stone inscriptions. The idea of digital rubbing is an attempt and a test to resolve the irreconcilable contradiction between the actual requirement and the destructiveness to cultural relics in making rubbings.
The preservation of traditional arts has been attached extensive importance around the nation, but there is no experience for innovatively making and researching rubbings to refer to. The main reason is that the subject research needs the close combination of computer technology and art subjects. The research is the first attempt to apply computer technology into rubbing-making to provide a new idea of preserving traditional culture and some references for the application research in the future.
The research of digital rubbing involves the original stone inscription, rubbing information and digital techniques. Lu County is the region where a large number of stone inscriptions with exquisite modeling of Song Dynasty were densely excavated, which provides a large quantity of source materials of stone inscriptions for the research of digital rubbings. And the rubbing data corresponding to the original stone inscriptions offered by the local Cultural Affairs Bureau are of great help to the research work. Relying on the stone inscriptions of Song tomb in South Sichuan and by analyzing the image features of these inscriptions, the research attempts to find out the interrelationship between handmade rubbings and original stone inscription images, build sample templates of handmade rubbings experimentally, and provide reliable referential standards for digital rubbings and thus to generate digital rubbings by taking the sample templates of handmade rubbings as a reference and making use of related computer technology. The following is the main research content of this paper:
Chapter 1 An analysis of the meaning and the purpose of the research, a discussion of the schematic analysis of the stone inscriptions of Song tomb in South Sichuan at home and abroad and the situation of study in the area of digital rubbing and the idea and the concrete strategies of the research, and a simple introduction of the main content of the paper.
Chapter 2 A deep schematic analysis of the stone inscriptions of Song tomb in South Sichuan to find out the schematic features influencing the making of the stone inscription rubbings of South Sichuan and to make a preliminary basis for the further study of digital rubbings through an all-round analysis of the modeling, compositional and engraving features.
Chapter 3 A research of the relevant content of the manufacturing techniques of the rubbings in the main, and a referential coordinate for the making of digital rubbings by understanding deeply the rubbing, the Chinese ancient art form, and making clear the artistic values, the technological process and the style of rubbings.
Chapter 4 A discussion about how to generate digital rubbings, including the presentation of the research objectives of making digital rubbings, the establishment of the working ideas of“two-step process”, the analysis of the technical routes needed in generating digital rubbings, the building of the comparison samples of handmade rubbings, the seeking of the key technologies and links to generate digital rubbings and the building and a simple analysis of the relevant process to generate digital rubbings.
Chapter 5 A design of the friendly and visualized operational interface for digital rubbing manufacturing system; the collection and the generation of the digital rubbing samples; the design of questionnaire in the method of statistics application and the analyzing of its credibility; the verification of the availability and feasibility of the system.
目前国内对传统艺术的保护,已经得到了广泛的重视,但在拓片创新制作研究方面,却基本无经验可借鉴,其主要原因在于这一课题研究需要计算机技术与艺术学科的密切结合。本研究是将计算机技术运用到拓片制作领域的初次尝试,试图为保护传统文化提供一种新的思路,并对日后的应用性研究提供一些参考。
数字拓片的研究,涉及到原始石刻、拓片资料和数字技术三方面的内容。泸县是近年来宋代石刻出土较为集中的地区,出土石刻数量较多且造型精美,为数字拓片的研究提供了大量原始石刻素材,当地文管所提供的一些与原始石刻对应的拓片资料,给本研究工作带来了十分重要的帮助。本研究是以川南宋墓石刻为依托,通过对其图象特征进行分析,尝试找到手工拓片与原石刻图象特征的相互关系,并以实验的方式建立手工拓片的样本模板,为数字拓片提供可以信赖的参照标准。然后以手工拓片样本模板为参照,利用相关计算机技术实现数字拓片的生成。本论文主要的研究内容如下:
第一章,分析研究的意义和目的,论述国内外川南宋墓石刻图式分析和数字拓片领域的研究现状,讨论研究思路和具体方案,并简单介绍论文的主要内容。
第二章,对川南宋墓石刻图式作较深入的分析。通过对造型特征、构图特征、雕刻技法特征等全方位内容的剖析,找出对川南石刻拓片制作有影响的图式特征,为数字拓片的进一步研究作前期铺垫。
第三章,主要研究拓片制作技术的相关内容,通过对拓片这一中国古老艺术形式的深入了解,理清拓片的艺术价值、制作技术流程、风格样式等内容,为数字拓片制作提供参照坐标。
第四章,主要论述如何实现数字拓片的生成。提出制作数字拓片的研究目标,确立“两步走”的工作思路,分析实现数字拓片所需要的技术路线,建立手工拓片比对样本,寻找实现数字拓片的关键技术和环节,建立实现数字拓片的相关流程并做简单分析。
第五章,为数字拓片制作系统设计友好的可视化操作界面;采集和生成数字拓片的样本,应用统计学的方法,设计问卷,对其可信度进行分析,验证该系统的有效性和可行性。
Rubbing is a traditional art form unique to China, which is of high historical and aesthetic value and used in many ways in today’s scientific research, and whose aesthetic feeling cannot be replaced by photographs. In the traditional way of making rubbings, the stone inscriptions need to be battered, which would inevitably be damaged if things go on like this. For protecting cultural relics, efforts must be done to avoid making rubbings on the original stone inscriptions. The idea of digital rubbing is an attempt and a test to resolve the irreconcilable contradiction between the actual requirement and the destructiveness to cultural relics in making rubbings.
The preservation of traditional arts has been attached extensive importance around the nation, but there is no experience for innovatively making and researching rubbings to refer to. The main reason is that the subject research needs the close combination of computer technology and art subjects. The research is the first attempt to apply computer technology into rubbing-making to provide a new idea of preserving traditional culture and some references for the application research in the future.
The research of digital rubbing involves the original stone inscription, rubbing information and digital techniques. Lu County is the region where a large number of stone inscriptions with exquisite modeling of Song Dynasty were densely excavated, which provides a large quantity of source materials of stone inscriptions for the research of digital rubbings. And the rubbing data corresponding to the original stone inscriptions offered by the local Cultural Affairs Bureau are of great help to the research work. Relying on the stone inscriptions of Song tomb in South Sichuan and by analyzing the image features of these inscriptions, the research attempts to find out the interrelationship between handmade rubbings and original stone inscription images, build sample templates of handmade rubbings experimentally, and provide reliable referential standards for digital rubbings and thus to generate digital rubbings by taking the sample templates of handmade rubbings as a reference and making use of related computer technology. The following is the main research content of this paper:
Chapter 1 An analysis of the meaning and the purpose of the research, a discussion of the schematic analysis of the stone inscriptions of Song tomb in South Sichuan at home and abroad and the situation of study in the area of digital rubbing and the idea and the concrete strategies of the research, and a simple introduction of the main content of the paper.
Chapter 2 A deep schematic analysis of the stone inscriptions of Song tomb in South Sichuan to find out the schematic features influencing the making of the stone inscription rubbings of South Sichuan and to make a preliminary basis for the further study of digital rubbings through an all-round analysis of the modeling, compositional and engraving features.
Chapter 3 A research of the relevant content of the manufacturing techniques of the rubbings in the main, and a referential coordinate for the making of digital rubbings by understanding deeply the rubbing, the Chinese ancient art form, and making clear the artistic values, the technological process and the style of rubbings.
Chapter 4 A discussion about how to generate digital rubbings, including the presentation of the research objectives of making digital rubbings, the establishment of the working ideas of“two-step process”, the analysis of the technical routes needed in generating digital rubbings, the building of the comparison samples of handmade rubbings, the seeking of the key technologies and links to generate digital rubbings and the building and a simple analysis of the relevant process to generate digital rubbings.
Chapter 5 A design of the friendly and visualized operational interface for digital rubbing manufacturing system; the collection and the generation of the digital rubbing samples; the design of questionnaire in the method of statistics application and the analyzing of its credibility; the verification of the availability and feasibility of the system.
引文
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