墨西哥萨利纳斯总统（1988-1994）政治改革研究
|
摘要
本文试图以马克思主义唯物史观为指导,考察卡洛斯·萨利纳斯·德戈塔里总统执政时期(1988～1994)墨西哥所推行的政治改革。本文共分五章。
第一章论述了萨利纳斯政府政治改革的历史必然性。萨利纳斯总统执政时,墨西哥的形势发生了巨大变化。经过新自由主义经济改革,墨西哥抛弃了实行长达半个世纪之久的进口替代工业化发展模式,确立了新自由主义市场经济模式;革命制度党大权独揽、统治地位不受威胁的局面结束,以民主革命党和国家行动党为代表的左、右派政党开始对革命制度党形成两面夹击,对其统治地位进行挑战。这些变化瓦解了墨西哥传统政治体制赖以存在的基础,革命制度党的统治受到严重威胁,政治改革成为一种历史必然。
第二章主要阐述了萨利纳斯政府选举制度改革的主要内容。萨利纳斯在其执政的六年内,分别于1989年、1993年、1994年进行了三次选举制度改革:重新规定了议会席位的分配方式;改革了联邦选举机构的构成、职责;对选民登记、选举监督、选举争端的处理等选举程序进行了全面的改革。改革使墨西哥议会席位的分配方式初显民主化特色;选举机构独立性加强,表现出专业化的倾向;选举过程进一步透明化、公平化。这些积极的后果为墨西哥日后真正意义上的多党政治奠定了坚实的基础。但是,由于在有些方面缺乏具体的执行措施,不能保证改革内容真正落实到政治实践中,使改革的效应大打折扣,墨西哥并没有实现具有真正竞争性的民主选举。
第三章主要阐述了革命制度党自身的改革。20世纪80年代之后,革命制度党面临新的困境。为了维持其统治,革命制度党转变政党策略,进行自身改革。改变革命制度党的指导思想,用“社会自由主义”取代“革命民族主义”;改革革命制度党各级候选人的选举方式,开始放弃“指定制”,采取“民主选举”的方式;削弱职团组织的势力,改变党员入党方式;改造传统职团部门,建立新型职团部门;转变革命制度党的政治策略,与国家行动党展开合作等。
第四章主要阐述了萨利纳斯政府时期社会结构的变动。经济危机及革命制度党所推行的新自由主义经济改革造成政府与利益集团的关系发生了变化。这种变化破坏了革命制度党统治的社会基础。为了维持革命制度党的统治,萨利纳斯政府采取一系列措施,重新调整了政府与各利益集团之间的关系:赢得了以私有部门的支持;提出“新工会主义”战略,改造官方工会,将工会保持在革命制度党内,削弱其在革命制度党内的势力;推行“全国团结计划”,解决经济危机及新自由主义经济改革所带来的日趋严重的贫困问题,补偿新自由主义经济改革给城市贫民、农民造成的损失,平息他们的不满,重新赢得了他们对革命制度党的支持。
第五章对萨利纳斯政府的政治改革进行评析。萨利纳斯政府的政治改革与1988年之前墨西哥的政治改革相比,在改革的目的、改革的速度、改革的内容、改革的手段、方式等方面都出现了一些不同的特点。从改革的结果上看,一方面扫除了新自由主义经济改革的障碍,一定程度上促进了经济改革进一步发展,但改革没有从根本上消除社会不平等、民众的不满情绪、社会动乱等影响社会稳定的各种隐患,政治环境日益混乱,最终冲击破坏了经济改革;另一方面,改革虽然暂时缓解了革命制度党所面临的困境,但没有从根本上解决危机,最终加速了革命制度党的下台。由此,萨利纳斯政府的政治改革最终没有达到维护革命制度党统治、推进新自由主义经济改革的目的。然而,此时期的政治改革带来了萨利纳斯预料之外的副产品——具有竞争性的、真正意义上的多党政治格局的出现。
With the direction of Marxist meterialist conception of hisory ,this dissertation aims to investigate Mexican political reform durding the government of Carlos Salinas de Gortari (1988-1994). It is composed of the following five chapters:
Chapter one discusses the historical necessity of the political reform during the Salinas Government. When President Salinas was in power, the situations had been changed greatly for Mexico. After the new liberalism economic reforming, Mexico abandoned the Import Substitution Industrialization Developing Model which had been applying for one half of the century, established the new liberalism market ecnomic model. The situation of the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI)owing the absolute dominance and the predomination status in Mexico was over, the Partido Acción Nacional(PAN) and the Partido de la Revolución Democrática (PRD) , standing for the right party and the left party respectively, made a pincer attack on PRI and challenged the PRI's predominent position. All this changes collapsed the Mexican traditional political foundations, and threated PRI's dominace seriously, so political reform has been necessary.
Chapter two examines the contents of the electoral system reforms during the Salinas Government. During the six years of Salinas being in power, Mexico reformed electoral system in 1989, 1993 and 1994, including reinstitute the apportion exercise of the congress seats, reform the structures and duties of the federal electoral institutions, reform the electoral procedure such as registration of voters, electoral supevision and deal with the electoral disputes ect. These reforms democratized the way of apportioning congress seats preliminary, strengthened electoral institutions' independence and specialization, the electoral process became more transparent and equitable, which made the foundation for Maxican real multi-party politics in the future. But these couldn't make the real competitive democratic election come ture in Mexico , because the reform contents couldn't be implemented in the political practices for lacking specific policies to implement these reforms, , which made the reform effectiveness weaken.
Chapter three examines the reform of PRI itself. PRI faced new embarrassments after 1980s. In order to preserve domination, PRI decided to change party strategies and reform itself. The reform included changing its' guiding ideology, in other words, from revolutionary nationalism to social liberalism , reforming the electing method of all ranks of PRI's candidates, from nominating to democratic election. By changing the ways to taking part in the PRI, abolishing traditional corporatism departments, establishing new type of corporatism departments, the reform weakened the strenth of the corporatism. PRI changed political strategies, developing cooperation with PAN.
Chapter four examines the changing of the social structures during the government of Carlos Salinas. The relations between government and interest groups had been changed by the economic crisis and the new liberalism economic reforms.This changes destroyed the social foundations of PRI's domination. In order to preserve domination, the government of Carlos Salinas adopted a series of measures to regulate the relations between the government and interest groups.The government gained the supports of private sector, advanced new syndicalism and rebulided labor in order to keep it in PRI and weak its' strenth, promoted the National Solidarity Program(PRONASOL) ,which relieved poverty brought by the economic crisis and the new liberalism economic reforms , in order to put down the grievance of presents and regain their supports for PRI.
Chapter five comments the political reforms during the government of Carlos Salinas. Comparing to the political reforms that have taken place before 1988, the political reforms during the government of Carlos Salinas appeared some defferent characteristics at goals ,proters, contents and means ect. So far as the cosequences are concerned, on the one side ,the political reforms during the government of Carlos Salinas removed some barriers for the new liberalism economic reform and accelerated it to develop furtherly on some degree, but the political reforms didn't get rid of the hidden dangers, such as social enquality, grievances of the populace ,social unrestect, which resulted the political circumstances got worse and worse , and destroied the new liberalism economic reform; on the other side, the political reforms alleviated the adverse circumstances for PRI temporarily, but didn't get rid of the crisises at all which acclerated the PRI to fall out of the power. Therely, the political reforms during the government of Carlos Salinas didn't neither defend the PRI's dominace, nor accerate the new liberalism economic reform.However, the political reforms brought some by-products, the real competitive multi-party structure.
第一章论述了萨利纳斯政府政治改革的历史必然性。萨利纳斯总统执政时,墨西哥的形势发生了巨大变化。经过新自由主义经济改革,墨西哥抛弃了实行长达半个世纪之久的进口替代工业化发展模式,确立了新自由主义市场经济模式;革命制度党大权独揽、统治地位不受威胁的局面结束,以民主革命党和国家行动党为代表的左、右派政党开始对革命制度党形成两面夹击,对其统治地位进行挑战。这些变化瓦解了墨西哥传统政治体制赖以存在的基础,革命制度党的统治受到严重威胁,政治改革成为一种历史必然。
第二章主要阐述了萨利纳斯政府选举制度改革的主要内容。萨利纳斯在其执政的六年内,分别于1989年、1993年、1994年进行了三次选举制度改革:重新规定了议会席位的分配方式;改革了联邦选举机构的构成、职责;对选民登记、选举监督、选举争端的处理等选举程序进行了全面的改革。改革使墨西哥议会席位的分配方式初显民主化特色;选举机构独立性加强,表现出专业化的倾向;选举过程进一步透明化、公平化。这些积极的后果为墨西哥日后真正意义上的多党政治奠定了坚实的基础。但是,由于在有些方面缺乏具体的执行措施,不能保证改革内容真正落实到政治实践中,使改革的效应大打折扣,墨西哥并没有实现具有真正竞争性的民主选举。
第三章主要阐述了革命制度党自身的改革。20世纪80年代之后,革命制度党面临新的困境。为了维持其统治,革命制度党转变政党策略,进行自身改革。改变革命制度党的指导思想,用“社会自由主义”取代“革命民族主义”;改革革命制度党各级候选人的选举方式,开始放弃“指定制”,采取“民主选举”的方式;削弱职团组织的势力,改变党员入党方式;改造传统职团部门,建立新型职团部门;转变革命制度党的政治策略,与国家行动党展开合作等。
第四章主要阐述了萨利纳斯政府时期社会结构的变动。经济危机及革命制度党所推行的新自由主义经济改革造成政府与利益集团的关系发生了变化。这种变化破坏了革命制度党统治的社会基础。为了维持革命制度党的统治,萨利纳斯政府采取一系列措施,重新调整了政府与各利益集团之间的关系:赢得了以私有部门的支持;提出“新工会主义”战略,改造官方工会,将工会保持在革命制度党内,削弱其在革命制度党内的势力;推行“全国团结计划”,解决经济危机及新自由主义经济改革所带来的日趋严重的贫困问题,补偿新自由主义经济改革给城市贫民、农民造成的损失,平息他们的不满,重新赢得了他们对革命制度党的支持。
第五章对萨利纳斯政府的政治改革进行评析。萨利纳斯政府的政治改革与1988年之前墨西哥的政治改革相比,在改革的目的、改革的速度、改革的内容、改革的手段、方式等方面都出现了一些不同的特点。从改革的结果上看,一方面扫除了新自由主义经济改革的障碍,一定程度上促进了经济改革进一步发展,但改革没有从根本上消除社会不平等、民众的不满情绪、社会动乱等影响社会稳定的各种隐患,政治环境日益混乱,最终冲击破坏了经济改革;另一方面,改革虽然暂时缓解了革命制度党所面临的困境,但没有从根本上解决危机,最终加速了革命制度党的下台。由此,萨利纳斯政府的政治改革最终没有达到维护革命制度党统治、推进新自由主义经济改革的目的。然而,此时期的政治改革带来了萨利纳斯预料之外的副产品——具有竞争性的、真正意义上的多党政治格局的出现。
With the direction of Marxist meterialist conception of hisory ,this dissertation aims to investigate Mexican political reform durding the government of Carlos Salinas de Gortari (1988-1994). It is composed of the following five chapters:
Chapter one discusses the historical necessity of the political reform during the Salinas Government. When President Salinas was in power, the situations had been changed greatly for Mexico. After the new liberalism economic reforming, Mexico abandoned the Import Substitution Industrialization Developing Model which had been applying for one half of the century, established the new liberalism market ecnomic model. The situation of the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI)owing the absolute dominance and the predomination status in Mexico was over, the Partido Acción Nacional(PAN) and the Partido de la Revolución Democrática (PRD) , standing for the right party and the left party respectively, made a pincer attack on PRI and challenged the PRI's predominent position. All this changes collapsed the Mexican traditional political foundations, and threated PRI's dominace seriously, so political reform has been necessary.
Chapter two examines the contents of the electoral system reforms during the Salinas Government. During the six years of Salinas being in power, Mexico reformed electoral system in 1989, 1993 and 1994, including reinstitute the apportion exercise of the congress seats, reform the structures and duties of the federal electoral institutions, reform the electoral procedure such as registration of voters, electoral supevision and deal with the electoral disputes ect. These reforms democratized the way of apportioning congress seats preliminary, strengthened electoral institutions' independence and specialization, the electoral process became more transparent and equitable, which made the foundation for Maxican real multi-party politics in the future. But these couldn't make the real competitive democratic election come ture in Mexico , because the reform contents couldn't be implemented in the political practices for lacking specific policies to implement these reforms, , which made the reform effectiveness weaken.
Chapter three examines the reform of PRI itself. PRI faced new embarrassments after 1980s. In order to preserve domination, PRI decided to change party strategies and reform itself. The reform included changing its' guiding ideology, in other words, from revolutionary nationalism to social liberalism , reforming the electing method of all ranks of PRI's candidates, from nominating to democratic election. By changing the ways to taking part in the PRI, abolishing traditional corporatism departments, establishing new type of corporatism departments, the reform weakened the strenth of the corporatism. PRI changed political strategies, developing cooperation with PAN.
Chapter four examines the changing of the social structures during the government of Carlos Salinas. The relations between government and interest groups had been changed by the economic crisis and the new liberalism economic reforms.This changes destroyed the social foundations of PRI's domination. In order to preserve domination, the government of Carlos Salinas adopted a series of measures to regulate the relations between the government and interest groups.The government gained the supports of private sector, advanced new syndicalism and rebulided labor in order to keep it in PRI and weak its' strenth, promoted the National Solidarity Program(PRONASOL) ,which relieved poverty brought by the economic crisis and the new liberalism economic reforms , in order to put down the grievance of presents and regain their supports for PRI.
Chapter five comments the political reforms during the government of Carlos Salinas. Comparing to the political reforms that have taken place before 1988, the political reforms during the government of Carlos Salinas appeared some defferent characteristics at goals ,proters, contents and means ect. So far as the cosequences are concerned, on the one side ,the political reforms during the government of Carlos Salinas removed some barriers for the new liberalism economic reform and accelerated it to develop furtherly on some degree, but the political reforms didn't get rid of the hidden dangers, such as social enquality, grievances of the populace ,social unrestect, which resulted the political circumstances got worse and worse , and destroied the new liberalism economic reform; on the other side, the political reforms alleviated the adverse circumstances for PRI temporarily, but didn't get rid of the crisises at all which acclerated the PRI to fall out of the power. Therely, the political reforms during the government of Carlos Salinas didn't neither defend the PRI's dominace, nor accerate the new liberalism economic reform.However, the political reforms brought some by-products, the real competitive multi-party structure.
引文
1 胡锦涛:《高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗--在中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会上的报告》,人民出版社,2007年10月第1版,第28页。
2 曾照耀著:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年。
3 徐世澄著:《墨西哥政治经济改革及模式转换》,北京:世界知识出版,2004年。
4 曾照耀:《发展中国家现代化进程中的政治发展问题--关于墨西哥政治改革的几点思考》,载《拉丁美洲研究》,1997年第6期。
5 杨中林:《墨西哥的政治改革和政党制度的发展》,《拉丁美洲研究》,1989年第4期。
6 杨中林:《萨利纳斯执政后墨西哥的政治改革》,《世界经济与政治》,1993年底8期。
7 袁东振:《论墨西哥经济转型时期的政治变革》,中国社会科学院研究生院博士学位论文,2002年。
8 刘新民:《浅论墨西哥政治改革的动力》,载《拉丁美洲研究》,1996年第1期。
9 王志先:《执政老党大权旁落--墨西哥革命制度党丢失政权剖析》,《当代世界》,2001年第10期。
10 详见徐世澄:《连续执政71年的墨西哥革命制度党缘何下野》,《拉丁美洲研究》,2001年第5期;
刘昌雄:《墨西哥革命制度党长期执政及其下台的原因剖析》,《探索》2001年第4期;
江时学:《墨西哥革命制度党下台的原因》,《中国党政干部论坛》,2002年第1期;
李国伟:《墨西哥革命制度党失去政权的原因,《当代世界与社会主义》,2005年第3期。
11 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994.
12 Judith Gentleman edited,Mexican Politics in Transition,Westview Press,1987.
13 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship?",Westport,CT,Praeger,1994.
14 Stephen D.Morris,PoliticaI Reformism in Mexico:an Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.1995.
15 "A New Hope for the Hemisphere? "Interview with Carlos Salinas,New Perspective Quarterly 8,no.1(Winter 1991):8
16 Cuauhtemoc Cardenas,"Free Tread Is Not Enough",New Perspective Quarterly 8,no.1(Winter 1991):21.
17 Luis H.Alvarez,"Free Trade Without Free Debate?",New Perspective Quarterly 8,no.1(Winter 1991):22.
18 Riordan Roett edited,Political and Economic Liberalization in Mexico:At a Critical Juncture? Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.1993.
19 Judith A.Teichman,Privatization and Political Change in Mexico,University of Pittsburge Press,1995,P163.
20 Judith A.Teichman,Privatization and Political Change in Mexico,University of Pittsburge Press,1995,P192.
21 Maria Lorena Cook、Kevin J.Middlebrook and Juan Molinar Horcasitas edited,The Politics of Econmic Restructuring:State-Society Relations and Regime Change in Mexico,University of California,1994.
22 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998
23 Kevin J.Middlebrook edited,Dilemmas of Political Change in Mexico,London:Institute of Latin American Studies,2003.
24 Howard Handelman,Mexican Politics:The Dynamics of Change,New York:St.Martin's Press,1997.
25 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams edited,Mexico Face the 21st Century,Greenwood Press,1995.
26 Jorge I.Domi nguez and James A.McCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,The Johns Hopkins University Press,1996.
27 Jorge I.Dominguez and James A.McCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,The Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,P47.
2 杨仲林:《卡洛斯·萨利纳斯·德戈塔里--墨西哥革命制度党1988-1994年总统候选人》,《拉丁美洲研究》,1988年第2期,第59页。
3 Washington Post,July 4,1988,p.A-4.
4 Financial Times,May 26,1988,P.4,转引自George W.Grayson,Prospeects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1999,Pxv.
5 George W.Grayson,Prospeects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1999,Pxv.
6 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Faces the 21~(st) century,Greenwood Press,1995,P4.
7 江时学:《拉美发展模式研究》,北京:经济管理出版社,1996年,第32-34页。
8 孙若彦:《经济全球化与墨西哥对外战略的转变》,北京:中国社会科学出版社,2004年,第104页。
9 江时学主编:《拉美国家的经济改革》,北京:经济管理出版社,1998年,第188页。
10 转引自江时学:《拉美发展模式研究》,北京:经济管理出版社,1996年,第65页。
11 陈芝芸等:《北美自由贸易协定-南北经济一体化的尝试》,北京:经济管理出版社,1996年,第59页。
12 崔燕云译,叶可曼校:《墨西哥外国投资法(1993年)》,《外国法译评》,1997年第2期。
13 江时学:《拉美发展模式研究》,北京:经济管理出版社,1996年,第97页。
14[英]莱斯利·贝瑟尔主编:《剑桥拉丁美洲史》,北京:经济管理出版社,1996年,第162页。
15 唐君、辛易主编:《国外政党执政镜鉴》,浙江:浙江人民出版社,2005年,第215页。
16 Rob Aitken edited,Dismantling the Mexican State? St.Martin's,Inc.1996,p.136.
17 转引自Judith Gentleman edited,Mexican Politics in Transition,westview Press,1987,p.275.
18 Howard Handelman,Mexican politics:the dynamic of change,St·Martin's Press,Inc.1997,p.76.
19 George W.Grayson Edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,New Brunswick,1990,p.43.
20 Joseph L.Klesner,"Modernization,Economic Crisis,and Electoral Alignment in Mexico",Mexican Studies,Vol.9,No.2.(Summer,1993),p.194.
21 Joseph L.Klesner,"Modernization,Economic Crisis,and Electoral Alignment in Mexico",Mexican Studies,Vol.9,No.2.(Summer,1993),p.197
1 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,p.18.
2 Howard Handelman,Mexican politics:the dynamic of change,St·Martin's Press,Inc.1997,P73.
3 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,p.17.
4 JorgeI.Dominguez,James A.McCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,the Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,p.30.
5 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"?Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,pp.193-194.
6 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,p.198.
7 见Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "PerfectDictatorship"?Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,P199-203.
8 参见Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,p.1-3.
9 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,p.4.
10 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P173.
11 La Jornada,Dec.24,1988,PP1,14转Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P67.
12 La Jomada,Dec.26,1988,P1,转引自Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P66.
13 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P174;Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P70.
14 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,PP187-188.
15 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P142.
16 George W.Grayson edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1990,P56.
17 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P75.
18 Rob Aitken edited,Dismantling the Mexican State? St.Martin's,Inc.1996,p123.
19 姜士林主编:《世界宪法大全》,青岛出版社,1997年,第1631页。
20 Renee G.Scherlen,"Lessons to build on:the 1994 Mexican presidential election",Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs,Vol.40,No.1(Spring,1998).
21 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,P200.
22 Victoria E.Rodriguez,Peter M.Ward,"Disentangling the PRI form the government in Mexico",Mexican Studies,Vol.10,No.1,(Winter,1994).
23 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P157.
24 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21st Century,Greenwood Press,1995,p.33.
25 Jorge G.Castaneda,translated by Padraic Arthur Smithies,Perpetuating Power:How Mexican Presidents Were Chosen,New York,2000,p.Ⅻ.
26 在国民革命党(PNR)建它之前,议会与总统的关系处于一种抗争阶段,并没有完全依附于总统,这主要表现在议会试图建立议会政体、时常干预总统对官员的任命、总统的立法提案被议会通过的比率较低等。
29 姜士林主编:《世界宪法大全》,青岛出版社,1997年,第1634页。
30 Kevin J.Middleebrook edited,Dilemmas of Political Change in Mexico,Institute of Latin American Studies,2004,p.24.
31 袁东振:《论墨西哥经济转型时期的政治变革》,[博士学位论文],北京:中国社会科学院研究生院,2002年,第56页。
32 JorgeI.Dominguez,James A.McCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,the Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,P194.
33 Belden andRussonello,Press Release:Results of a National Poll of Mexican Voters,Washington,D.C,August 11,1994.专引自JorgeI.Dominguez,James A.McCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,the Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,P197.
34 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994.
35 Renee G.Scherlen,"Lessons to build on:the 1994 Mexican presidential election",Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs,Vol.40,No.1(Spring,1998).
36 JorgeI.Dominguez,James A.McCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,the Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,P198.
37 Renee G.Scherlen,"Lessons to build on:the 1994 Mexican presidential election",Journal of Interameriean Studies and World Affairs,Vol.40,No.1(Spring,1998).
38 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P150.
39 JorgeI.Dominguez,James A.MeCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,the Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,P195.
1 参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第85-97页。
2 塞缪尔·P·亨廷顿:《变动社会的政治秩序》,上海:上海译文出版社,1989年,第209页。
3 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,Pxi.
4 袁东振:《论墨西哥经济转型时期的政治变革》,[博士学位论文],北京:中国社会科学院研究生院,2002年,第21页。
5 George W.Grayson edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1990,P9.
6 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P46.
7 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P48.
8 George W.Grayson edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1990,P10.
9 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P10.
10 Jorge L.Dominguez,James A.McCann,"Shaping Mexico's Electoral Arena:The Construction of Parties Cleavage in the 1988 and 1991 National Election",The American Political Science Review,Vol.89,No.1(Mar.,1995),pp36.
11 曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第144-145页。
12 卡洛斯·萨利纳斯:《墨西哥的新民族主义》,杨衍永译,《译丛》,1992年第5期。
13 王绪苓:《新形势下墨西哥民族主义的内涵》,《拉丁美洲研究》,1992年第2期。
14 卡洛斯·萨利纳斯:《墨西哥的新民族主义》,杨衍永译,《译丛》,1992年第5期。
15 卡洛斯·萨利纳斯:《墨西哥的社会自由主义》,王绪苓译,《译丛》,1992年第5期。
16 曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第114页。
17 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P82.
18 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P95.
19 Stephen D.Morris,"Political reformism in Mexico:Salinas at the brink",Journal of Interameriean Studies and World Affairs,Vol.34,No1(Spring 1992),P41.
20 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P80.
21 曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第101页。
22 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P81.
23 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P94;Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P83.
24 曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第106页。
25 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P84.
26 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P92.
27 Rob Aitken edited,Dismantling the Mexican State? St.Martin's,Inc.,1996,P133.
28 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21st Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P6.
29 Philip L.Russell,Mexico underSalinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P26
30 Rob Aitken edited,Dismantling the Mexican State? St.Martin's,Inc.1996,P114.
31 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P107.
32 Instituto Federal Electoral,Codigo federal de instituci6nes y proedimientose lectorales(Mexico,D.F.,1991),Aritcle58.转引自 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship "?Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,P191.
33 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P99.
34 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,P184.
35 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P100.
36 Philip L.Russell,Mexico underSalinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P106.
37 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P100.
38 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship " ? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,PP183-184.
39 Stephen D.Morris,"Political reformism in Mexico:Salinas at the brink",Journal of Interarnerican Studies and World Affairs,Vol.34,Nol(Spring 1992),P41:Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P112.
40 Philip L.Russell,Mexico underSalinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P111. Howard Handelman,Mexican politics:the dynamic of change,St· Martin's Press,Inc.1997,P91.
2参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第84页。
3 参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第89页。
4 参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第184页。
5 Schmidt Schmidt,The deterioration of the Mexican presidency:the year of Luis Echeverria,University of Arizona Press,1991,p.20.
6 迈克尔·P.托达罗:《经济发展与第三世界》,印金强等译,北京:中国经济出版社,1992年,第127页。
7 Yoram Shapira,"Mexico:The Impact of the 1968 Student Protest on Echeverri a's Reformism",Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs,1977,19:pp.559-561.
8 George W.Grayson edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1990,P138.
9 参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,东方出版社,1996年,第91页。
10 Thomas J.Kelly,"Neoliberal Reform and Rural Poverty",Latin American Perspectives,Vol.28,No.3,Mexico in the 1990s:Economic Crisis,Social Polarization,and Class Struggle,Part 1.(May,2001 ),P87.
11参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,东方出版社,1996年,第118-125页。
12 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship " ? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,PP64-66.
13 Jorge L.Dominguez,James A.McCann,"Shaping Mexico's Electoral Arena:The Construction of Parties Cleavage in the 1988 and 1991 National Election",TheAmericanPolitiealScienceReview,Vol.89,No.1(Mar.,1995),pp36.
14 George W.Grayson edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1990,P267.
15 Jorge L.Dominguez,James A.McCann,Shaping Mexico's Electoral Arena:The Construction of Parties Cleavage in the 1988 and 1991 National Election,The American Political Science Review,Vol.89,No.1(Mar.,1995),pp36.
16 Kevin J.Middlebrook,Dilemmas of Political Change in Mexico,Institute of Latin American Studies,2004,P72.
17 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P57-58..
18 George W.Grayson edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1990,P277-278.
19 Thomas J.Kelly,"Neoliberal Reform and Rural Poverty",Latin American Perspectives,Vol.28,No.3,P90.
20 Thomas J.Kelly,"Neoliberal Reform and Rural Poverty",Latin American Perspectives,Vol.28,No.3,P93.
21 塞尔索·富尔塔多:《拉丁美洲经济的发展:从西班牙征服到古巴革命》,上海译文出版社,1981年,第243页。
22 杨茂春、陈芝芸:《墨西哥农村资本主义的发展》,《拉丁美洲研究》1984年第1期。
23 姜士林主编:《世界宪法大全》,青岛出版社,1997年,第1628页、第1629页。
24 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,p192.
25 Laura Randall,edited,Changing Structure of Mexico:Political,Social and Economic Prospects,New York:M.E.Sharo,1996,p.104.
26 Christopher Thomas,The Inadequacy of Article 27 Reforms in Shaping SustainableEjidos,http://dlc.dlib.indiana.edu/archive/00000363/00/thomsc041400.pdf.
27 Laura Randall,edited,Changing Structure of Mexico:PoliticaL Social and Economic Prospects,New York:M.E.Sharo,1996,p.103-110..
28 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P53.
29 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P80.
30 Michael Coppedge,"Parties and Society in Mexico and Venezula:Why Competition Matters",Comparative Politics,Vol.25,No.3,(Apr.,1993),PP.255-256.
31 Philip L.Russell,Mexico underSalinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P7.
32 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P11.
33 La Jornada,April 25,1992,p9,转引自 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P85.
34 James Gregory Samstad,Union Legacies and the Politics of Productivity:Corporatism.Clientelism,and Firm Reorganization during the Transition to Export-Led Development in Mexico,Berkeley,1998,p.114.
35 Maria Lorena Cook,"Mexican State-Labor Relations and the Political Implications of Free Trade",Latin american Perspectives,Vol.22,No.1,(winter,1995).
36 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,PP85-86.
37 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P85.
38 Howard Handelman,Mexican politics:the dynamic of change,St· Martin's Press,Inc.1997,P136.
39 Gerardo Otero,ed.,Neoliberalism Revisted:Economic Restructuring and Mexico's Political Future,Boulder,Colo:westview Press,1996,P51.
40 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P282.
41 Howard Handelman,Mexican politics:the dynamic of change,St·Martin's Press,Inc.1997,P136.
42 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P285.
43 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P288.
44 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P286.
45 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P288.
46 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P286.
47 周瑞芳,《墨西哥总统萨利纳斯及其内外政策》,《世界经济与政治》,1993年第8期。
48 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P81.
49 Garza Luis Angel and Fernando Ortega Pizarro,Monterrey tiene a la mitad de los bancos y el mayor consumo de tortibonos,Proceso 812(May 25,1992),转引自Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P81.
50 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P82.
1 杨中林:《墨西哥的政治改革和政党制度》,《拉丁美洲研究》,1989年第4期。
2 Kevin J.Middlebrook,Dilemmas of Political Change in Mexico,Institute of Latin American Studies,2004,P70.
3姜士林主编:《世界宪法大全》,青岛出版社,1997年,第1628页、第1651页。
4 参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,东方出版社,1996年,第84页。
5 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P10.
6 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P10.
7 Howard Handelman,Mexican politics:the dynamic of change,St·Martin's Press,Inc.1997,P15.
8 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P13.
9 Foreigen Broadcast Information Service(FBIS),Daily Report:Latin America,April 19,1994.转引自 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P14.
10徐世澄:《墨西哥政治经济改革及模式转换》,世界知识出版社,2004年,第115页。
11 徐世澄:《拉美政党在民主过渡中的作用--墨西哥的经验》,《太平洋学报》2002年第1期。
12 Jorge I.Dominguez and Alejandro Poire,Toward Mexico's Democratization,Routledge,New York,1999,P.93.
14 La Jornada,4 de Julio,2000.转引自徐世澄:《墨西哥政治经济改革及模式转化》,世界知识出版社2004年,第147页。
15 徐世澄:《连续执政71年的墨西哥革命制度党缘何下野》,《拉丁美洲研究》,2001年第5期。
16 李国伟:《墨西哥革命制度党失去政权的原因》,《当代世界与社会主义》,2005年第3期。
1邓小平:《邓小平文选》(第三卷),北京:人民出版社,1993年,第284页,第124页。
1.Aitken,Rob,ed.,Dismantling the Mexican State? St.Martin's,Inc.1996.
2.Casta(?)eda,Jorge G.,translated by Padraic Arthur Smithies,Perpetuating Power:How Mexican Presidents Were Chosen,New York,2000.
3.Cook,Maria Lorena & Middlebrook,Kevin J.& Horcasitas,Juan Molinar edited,The Politics of Econmic Restructuring:State-Society Relations and Regime Change in Mexico,University of California,1994.
4.Cothran,Dan A.,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship? ",Westport,CT,Praeger,1994.
5.Dominguez,Jorge I.& Alejandro Poire,Toward Mexico's Democratization,Routledge,New York,1999,P.93.
6.Dominguez,Jorge I.& McCann,James A.,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,The Johns Hopkins University Press,1996.
7.Gentleman,Judith,ed.,Mexican Politics im Transition,Westview Press,1987
8.Grayson,George W.,Prospeects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1999.
9.Handelman,Howard,Mexican Politics:The Dynamics of Change,New York:St.Martin's Press,1997.
10.Middlebrook,Kevin J.,ed.,Dilemmas of Political Change in Mexico,London:Institute of Latin American Studies,2003.
11.Mizrahi,Yemile,From Martyrdom to Power:The Partido Acci6n Nacional in Mexico,University of Notre Dame Press,2003.
12.Morris,Stephen D.,Political Reformism in Mexico:an Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.1995.
13.Otero,Gerardo,ed.,Neoliberalism Revisted:Economic Restructuring and Mexico 's Political Future,Boulder,Colo:westview Press,1996.
14.Randall,Laura,ed.,Changing Structure of Mexico:Political,Social and Economic Prospects,New York:M.E.Sharo,1996.15.Roett,Riordan,ed.,Political and Economic Liberalization in Mexico:At a Critical Juncture? Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.1993.
16. Russell, Philip L., Mexico under Salinas, Mexico Resource Center, 1994.
17. Serrano, Monica , ed., Governing Mexico: Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London, 1998.
18. Samstad , James Gregory, "Union Legacies and the Politics of Productivity:Corporatism, Clientelism, and Firm Reorganization during the Transition to Export-Led Development in Mexico ",Berkeley, 1998.
19. Schulz , Donald E. & Williams, Edward J., ed., Mexico Face the 21st Century,Greenwood Press ,1995.
20. Schmidt , Schmidt, The deterioration of the Mexican presidency: the year of Luis Echeverria, University of Arizona Press, 1991.
21. Teichman, Judith A., Privatization and Political Change in Mexico, University of Pittsburge Press, 1995.
1. Alarcon, Diana & Mckinley, Beyond Import Substitution: The Restructuring Projects of Brazil and Mexico, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.19, No.2. (Spring,1992).
2. Alejandre, Jesus Arroyo & Morris, Stephen D., The Electoral Recovery of the PRI in Guadalajara ,Mexico, 1988-1998, Bulletin of Latin American Research, Vol.12,No.1.(Jan., 1993).
3. Bruhn, Kathleen, Social Spending and Political Support: The "Lessons"of the National Solidarity Program in Mexico, Comparative Politics, Vol.28, No.2 (Jan.,1996).
4. Camp, Roderic A., Camarillas in MexicanPolitics:TheCase of the Salinas Cabinet,Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.6, No.1 (Winter, 1990).
5. Camp, Roderic Ai, Battling For the Voter, Mexico's Path to Democracy, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.11, No.2. (Winter, 1995).
6. Cardenas, Cuauhtemoc, Misunderstanding Mexico, Foregin Policy,No.78,(Spring, 1990).
7. Centeno, Miguel Angel, After the Fall: The Legacy of Carlos Salinas, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.13, No.2. (Winter, 1997).
8. Cook, Maria Lorena, Mexican State-Labor Relations and the Political Implications of Free Trade, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.22, No.l,(winter, 1995).
9. Coppedge, Michael, Parties and Society in Mexico and Venezuela: Why Competition Matters, Comparative Politics, Vol.25, No.3. (Apr., 1993).
10. Cornelius, Wayne A., Mexico's Delayed Democratization, Foreign Policy,No.95. (Summer, 1994).
11. Corrales, Javier, Presidents, Rulling Parties, and Party Rules: A Theory on the Politics of Economic Reform in Latin America, Comparative Politics, Vol.32, No.2 (Jan., 2000).
12. Davis, Charles L. & Coleman, Kenneth M., Neoliberal Economic Policies and the Potential for Electoral Change in Mexico, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos,Vol.10, No.2. (Summer, 1994).
13. Davis, Charles L. & Coleman, Kenneth M., Structural Determinants of Working-Class Politicization: The Role of Independent Unions in Mexico, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.5, No.1 (Winter, 1989).
14. Davis, Diane E., Failed Democratic Reform in Contemporary Mexico: From Social Movenment to the State and Back Again, Journal of Latin American Studies,Vol.26,No.2.(May, 1994).
15. Dominguez, Jorge L. & McCann, James A., Shaping Mexico's Electoral Arena: The Construction of Parties Cleavage in the 1988 and 1991 National Election,The American Political Science Review,Vol.89,No. 1 .(Mar., 1995).
16. Dryzek, John S., Political Inclusion and the Dynamics of Democratization, The American Polical Science Review, Vol.90, No.3. (Sep., 1996).
17. Flores-Quiroga, Aldo R., Economic Crisis and the Mexican State: Toward a New Institutional Interpretation, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.17, No.2.(Winter, 2001).
18. Foley, Michael W., Privatizing the Countryside: The Mexican Peasant Movement and Neoliberal Reform, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.22,No.1,(winter,1995).
19. Geddes, Barbara, The Politics of Economic Liberalization, Latin American Research Review, Vol.30, No.2.(1995).
20. Gentleman, Judith & Zubek, Voytek, International Integration and Democratic Development: The Cases of Poland and Mexico, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.34, No.1.(Spring, 1992).
21. Gilbreth, Chris & Otero, Gerardo, Democratization in Mexico: The Zapatista Uprising and Civil Society, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.28, No.4.(Jul., 2001).
22. Harding, Timothy & Petras, James, Democratization and Class Struggle, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.15, No.3.(Summer, 1988).
23. Hellman, Judith Adler, Mexican Popular Movements, Clientelism, and the Process of Democratization, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.21, No.2, Social Movements and Political Change in Latin America: 1. (Spring, 1994).
24. Hollings, Ernest F., Reform Mexico First, Foreign Policy, No.93.(Winter,1993-1994).
25. Hoskin , Gary, Democratization in Latin America, Latin American Research Review, Vol.32, No.2.(1997).
26. Kaufman, Robert R. & Zuckermann, Leo, Attitudes toward Economic Reform in Mexico: The Role of Political Orientations, The American Political Science Review, Vol.92, No.2. (Jun.,1998).
27. Klesner, Joseph L., Political Change in Mexico: Institutions and Identity, Latin American Research Review, Vol.32, No.2.(1997).
28. Klesner, Joseph L. & Lawson, Chappell, "Adios" to the PRI? Changing Voter Turnout in Mexico's Political Transition, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos,Vol.17,No.1.(Winter, 2001).
29. Klesner, Joseph L., Modernization, Economic Crisis , and Electoral Alignment in Mexico, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos,,Vol.9, No.2.(Summer, 1993).
30. Knight, Alan, Populism and Neo-Populism in Latin America, Especially Mexico,Journal of Latin American Studies, Vol.30, No.2. (May, 1998).
31. Langston, Joy, Breaking Out Is Hard to Do: Exit, Voice, and Loyalty in Mexico's One-Party Hegemonic Regime, Latin American Politics and Society, Vol.44,No.3, (winter,2002).
32. Lindau, Juan D., Technocrats and Mexico's Political Elite, Political Science Quarterly, Vol.111, No.2.(Summer, 1996).
33. Middlebrook, Kevin J., The Sounds of Silence: Organised Labour's Response to Economic Crisis in Mexico, Journal of Latin American Studies, Vol.21, No.2. (May,1989).
34. Migdail, Carl J., Mexico's Falling Political System, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol. 29, No. 1 .(Spring, 1987).
35. Mizrahi, Yemile, Rebels without a Cause? The Politics of Entrepreneurs in Chihuahua, Journal of Latin American Studies, Vol.26, No.l.(Feb., 1994).
36. Morici, Peter, Free Trade with Mexico, Foreign Policy, No.87.(Summer, 1992).
37. Morris , Stephen D., Political reformism in Mexico: Salinas at the brink,Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.34, No.l.(Spring 1992).
38. Morris, Stephen D., Political Reformism in Mexico: Past and Present, Latin American Research Review, Vol.28, No.2.(1993).
39. Nash, June, The Fiesta of the Word: The Zapatista Uprising and Radical Democracy in Mexico, American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol.99, No.2.(Jun.,1997).
40. Otero Gerardo, Neoliberal Reform in Rural Mexico: Social Structural and Political Demensions, Latin American Research Review, Vol.35, No.1.(2000).
41. Pastor, Manuel & Wise, Carol, The Origins and Sustainability of Mexico's Free Trade Policy, International Organization, Vol.48,No.3.(Summer, 1994).
42. Pastor, Manuel & Wise, Carol, State Policy, Distribution and Neoliberal Reform in Mexico, Journal of Latin American Studies, Vol.29, No.2.(May, 1997).
43. Pastor, Rober A., Post-Revolutionary Mexico: The Salinas Opening, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.32, No.3.(Autumn, 1990).
44. Poitras, Guy & Robinson, Raymond, The Politics of NAFTA in Mexico,Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.36, No.1.(Spring 1994).
45. Purcell, Susan Kaufman, The changing Nature of US-Mexico Relations,Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.39, No.1.(Spring, 1997).
46. Richard, Roman & Arregui, Edur Velasco, Neoliberalism, Labor Market Transformation, and Working-Class Responses: Social and Historical Roots of Accommodation and Protest, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.28, No.4, Mexico in 1990s: Economic Crisis, Social Polarization, and Class Struggle, Part 2.(jul.,, 2001).
47. Rodriguez, Victoria E. & Ward, Peter M., Opposition Politics, Power and Public Administration in Urban Mexico, Bulletin of Latin American Research, Vol.10, No.1(1991).
48. Rodriguez, Victoria E. & Ward, Peter M., Disentangling the PRI Form the Governmnet in Mexico, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.10, No.1(Winter, 1994).
49. Samstad, James G, Corporatism and Democratic Transition: State and Labor during the Salinas and Zedillo Administrations, Latin American Politics and Society,Vol.44, No.4, (Winter,2002).
50. Spalding, Rose J., Peasants, Politics, and Change in Rural Mexico, Latin American Research Review, Vol.23, No.1.(1988).
51. Scherlen, Renee G, Lessons to build on : the 1994 Mexican presidential election, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol. 40, No. 1 .(Spring,1998).
52. Schneider, Ben Ross, Why is Mexican Business so Organized? Latin American Research Review, Vol.37, No. 1.(2002).
53. Shapira, Yoram, Mexico: The Impact of the 1968 Student Protest on Echeverria's Reformism, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, 1977.
54. Smith, Peter., The Political Impact of Free Trade on Mexico, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.34, No.1.(Spring ,1992).
55. Stanford, Lois, The "Organization" of Mexican Agriculture: Conflicts and Compromises, Latin American Research Review, Vol.28, No.1.(1993).
56. Stephen, Lynn, The Zapatista Army of National Liberation and the National Democratic Convention, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.22, No.4.(Sep., 1995).
57. Teichman, Judith, Neoliberalism and the Transformation of Mexican Authoritariansim, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.13, No.1 (Winter, 1997).
58. Teichman, Judith, The Mexican State and the Political Implications of Economic Restructuring, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.19, No.2. (Spring, 1992).
59. Teichman, Judith A., Mexico: Economic Reform and Political Change, Latin American Research Review, Vol.31, No.2.(1996).
60. Thelen, David, A Conversation with Lorenzo Meyer about Mexico's Political Transition: From Authoritarianism to What? The Journal of American History, Vol.86,No.2(Sep., 1999).
61. Thacher, Strom C, NAFTA Coalitions and the Political Viability of Neoliberalism in Mexico, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.41,No.2.(Summer, 1999).
62. Vadi, Jose M., Economic Golbalization, Class Struggle, and the Mexican State,Latin American Perspectives, Vol.28, No.4, Mexico in 1990s: Economic Crisis,Social Polarization, and Class Struggle, Part 2.(jul., 2001).
63. Villarreal, Andres, Public Opinion of the Economy and the President Among Mexico City Residents: The Salinas Sexenio, Latin American Research Review,Vol.34,No.2.(1999).
64. Veltmeyer, Henry, The Dynamics of Social Change and Mexico's EZLN, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.27, No.4.(Sep., 2000).
65. Weintraub, Sidney B., The Interpaly between Economic and Political Opening in Mexico, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol.137, No.1.(Mar.1993).
66. Williams, Mark Eric, Learning the Limits of Power: Privatization and State-Labor Interactions in Mexico, Latin American Politics and Society, Vol.43,No.4, (winter,2001).
67. Williams, Mark Eric, Traversing the Mexican Odyssey: Reflections on Political Change and the Study of Mexican Politics, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos,Vol.18, No.1 (Winter,2002).
1、 胡锦涛:《高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗--在中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会上的报告》,人民出版社,2007年10月第1版。
2、 曾照耀著:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年。
3、 徐世澄著:《墨西哥政治经济改革及模式转换》,北京:世界知识出版,2004年。
4、 江时学:《拉美发展模式研究》,经济管理出版社,1996年。
5、 孙若彦:《经济全球化与墨西哥对外战略的转变》,中国社会科学出版社,2004年。
6、 江时学主编:《拉美国家的经济改革》,经济管理出版社,1998年。
7、 陈芝芸等:《北美自由贸易协定一南北经济一体化的尝试》,经济管理出版社,1996年。
8、[英]莱斯利·贝瑟尔主编:《剑桥拉丁美洲史》,经济管理出版社,1996年,第162页。
9、 唐君、辛易主编:《国外政党执政镜鉴》,浙江人民出版社,2005年。
10、姜士林主编:《世界宪法大全》,青岛出版社,1997年,第1631页
11、塞缪尔·P·亨廷顿:《变动社会的政治秩序》,上海译文出版社,1989年,。
12、迈克尔·P.托达罗:《经济发展与第三世界》,印金强等译,北京:中国经济出版社,1992年。
13、 塞尔索·富尔塔多:《拉丁美洲经济的发展:从西班牙征服到古巴革命》,上海译文出版社,1981年。
14、邓小平:《邓小平文选》(第三卷),北京:人民出版社,1993年,第284页。
1、 曾照耀:《发展中国家现代化进程中的政治发展问题--关于墨西哥政治改革的几点思考》,载《拉丁美洲研究》,1997年第6期。
2、 杨中林:《墨西哥的政治改革和政党制度的发展》,《拉丁美洲研究》,1989年第4期。
3、 杨中林:《萨利纳斯执政后墨西哥的政治改革》,《世界经济与政治》,1993年底8期。
4、袁东振:《论墨西哥经济转型时期的政治变革》,中国社会科学院研究生院博士学位论文,2002年。
5、 刘新民:《浅论墨西哥政治改革的动力》,载《拉丁美洲研究》,1996年第1期。
6、王志先:《执政老党大权旁落--墨西哥革命制度党丢失政权剖析》,《当代世界》,2001年第10期。
7、 徐世澄:《连续执政71年的墨西哥革命制度党缘何下野》,《拉丁美洲研究》,2001年第5期。
8、刘昌雄:《墨西哥革命制度党长期执政及其下台的原因剖析》,《探索》2001年第4期。
9、 江时学:《墨西哥革命制度党下台的原因》,《中国党政干部论坛》,2002年第1期。
10、 李国伟:《墨西哥革命制度党失去政权的原因,《当代世界与社会主义》,2005年第3期。
11、 杨仲林:《卡洛斯·萨利纳斯·德戈塔里--墨西哥革命制度党1988-1994年总统候选人》,《拉丁美洲研究》,1988年第2期,第59页。
12、 崔燕云译,叶可曼校:《墨西哥外国投资法(1993年)》,《外国法译评》,1997年第2期。
13、卡洛斯·萨利纳斯:《墨西哥的新民族主义》,杨衍永译,《译丛》,1992年第5期。
14、 王绪苓:《新形势下墨西哥民族主义的内涵》,《拉丁美洲研究》1992年第2期。
15、 卡洛斯·萨利纳斯:《墨西哥的新民族主义》,杨衍永译,《译丛》,1992年第5期。
16、 杨茂春、陈芝芸:《墨西哥农村资本主义的发展》,《拉丁美洲研究》1984年第1期。
17、 周瑞芳,《墨西哥总统萨利纳斯及其内外政策》,《世界经济与政治》,1993年第8期。
18、 徐世澄:《拉美政党在民主过渡中的作用--墨西哥的经验》,《太平洋学报》2002年第1期。
19、刘德威:《墨西哥革命制度党的历史兴衰》,《当代世界社会主义问题》,2000年第1期。
2 曾照耀著:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年。
3 徐世澄著:《墨西哥政治经济改革及模式转换》,北京:世界知识出版,2004年。
4 曾照耀:《发展中国家现代化进程中的政治发展问题--关于墨西哥政治改革的几点思考》,载《拉丁美洲研究》,1997年第6期。
5 杨中林:《墨西哥的政治改革和政党制度的发展》,《拉丁美洲研究》,1989年第4期。
6 杨中林:《萨利纳斯执政后墨西哥的政治改革》,《世界经济与政治》,1993年底8期。
7 袁东振:《论墨西哥经济转型时期的政治变革》,中国社会科学院研究生院博士学位论文,2002年。
8 刘新民:《浅论墨西哥政治改革的动力》,载《拉丁美洲研究》,1996年第1期。
9 王志先:《执政老党大权旁落--墨西哥革命制度党丢失政权剖析》,《当代世界》,2001年第10期。
10 详见徐世澄:《连续执政71年的墨西哥革命制度党缘何下野》,《拉丁美洲研究》,2001年第5期;
刘昌雄:《墨西哥革命制度党长期执政及其下台的原因剖析》,《探索》2001年第4期;
江时学:《墨西哥革命制度党下台的原因》,《中国党政干部论坛》,2002年第1期;
李国伟:《墨西哥革命制度党失去政权的原因,《当代世界与社会主义》,2005年第3期。
11 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994.
12 Judith Gentleman edited,Mexican Politics in Transition,Westview Press,1987.
13 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship?",Westport,CT,Praeger,1994.
14 Stephen D.Morris,PoliticaI Reformism in Mexico:an Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.1995.
15 "A New Hope for the Hemisphere? "Interview with Carlos Salinas,New Perspective Quarterly 8,no.1(Winter 1991):8
16 Cuauhtemoc Cardenas,"Free Tread Is Not Enough",New Perspective Quarterly 8,no.1(Winter 1991):21.
17 Luis H.Alvarez,"Free Trade Without Free Debate?",New Perspective Quarterly 8,no.1(Winter 1991):22.
18 Riordan Roett edited,Political and Economic Liberalization in Mexico:At a Critical Juncture? Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.1993.
19 Judith A.Teichman,Privatization and Political Change in Mexico,University of Pittsburge Press,1995,P163.
20 Judith A.Teichman,Privatization and Political Change in Mexico,University of Pittsburge Press,1995,P192.
21 Maria Lorena Cook、Kevin J.Middlebrook and Juan Molinar Horcasitas edited,The Politics of Econmic Restructuring:State-Society Relations and Regime Change in Mexico,University of California,1994.
22 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998
23 Kevin J.Middlebrook edited,Dilemmas of Political Change in Mexico,London:Institute of Latin American Studies,2003.
24 Howard Handelman,Mexican Politics:The Dynamics of Change,New York:St.Martin's Press,1997.
25 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams edited,Mexico Face the 21st Century,Greenwood Press,1995.
26 Jorge I.Domi nguez and James A.McCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,The Johns Hopkins University Press,1996.
27 Jorge I.Dominguez and James A.McCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,The Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,P47.
2 杨仲林:《卡洛斯·萨利纳斯·德戈塔里--墨西哥革命制度党1988-1994年总统候选人》,《拉丁美洲研究》,1988年第2期,第59页。
3 Washington Post,July 4,1988,p.A-4.
4 Financial Times,May 26,1988,P.4,转引自George W.Grayson,Prospeects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1999,Pxv.
5 George W.Grayson,Prospeects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1999,Pxv.
6 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Faces the 21~(st) century,Greenwood Press,1995,P4.
7 江时学:《拉美发展模式研究》,北京:经济管理出版社,1996年,第32-34页。
8 孙若彦:《经济全球化与墨西哥对外战略的转变》,北京:中国社会科学出版社,2004年,第104页。
9 江时学主编:《拉美国家的经济改革》,北京:经济管理出版社,1998年,第188页。
10 转引自江时学:《拉美发展模式研究》,北京:经济管理出版社,1996年,第65页。
11 陈芝芸等:《北美自由贸易协定-南北经济一体化的尝试》,北京:经济管理出版社,1996年,第59页。
12 崔燕云译,叶可曼校:《墨西哥外国投资法(1993年)》,《外国法译评》,1997年第2期。
13 江时学:《拉美发展模式研究》,北京:经济管理出版社,1996年,第97页。
14[英]莱斯利·贝瑟尔主编:《剑桥拉丁美洲史》,北京:经济管理出版社,1996年,第162页。
15 唐君、辛易主编:《国外政党执政镜鉴》,浙江:浙江人民出版社,2005年,第215页。
16 Rob Aitken edited,Dismantling the Mexican State? St.Martin's,Inc.1996,p.136.
17 转引自Judith Gentleman edited,Mexican Politics in Transition,westview Press,1987,p.275.
18 Howard Handelman,Mexican politics:the dynamic of change,St·Martin's Press,Inc.1997,p.76.
19 George W.Grayson Edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,New Brunswick,1990,p.43.
20 Joseph L.Klesner,"Modernization,Economic Crisis,and Electoral Alignment in Mexico",Mexican Studies,Vol.9,No.2.(Summer,1993),p.194.
21 Joseph L.Klesner,"Modernization,Economic Crisis,and Electoral Alignment in Mexico",Mexican Studies,Vol.9,No.2.(Summer,1993),p.197
1 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,p.18.
2 Howard Handelman,Mexican politics:the dynamic of change,St·Martin's Press,Inc.1997,P73.
3 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,p.17.
4 JorgeI.Dominguez,James A.McCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,the Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,p.30.
5 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"?Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,pp.193-194.
6 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,p.198.
7 见Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "PerfectDictatorship"?Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,P199-203.
8 参见Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,p.1-3.
9 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,p.4.
10 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P173.
11 La Jornada,Dec.24,1988,PP1,14转Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P67.
12 La Jomada,Dec.26,1988,P1,转引自Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P66.
13 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P174;Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P70.
14 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,PP187-188.
15 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P142.
16 George W.Grayson edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1990,P56.
17 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P75.
18 Rob Aitken edited,Dismantling the Mexican State? St.Martin's,Inc.1996,p123.
19 姜士林主编:《世界宪法大全》,青岛出版社,1997年,第1631页。
20 Renee G.Scherlen,"Lessons to build on:the 1994 Mexican presidential election",Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs,Vol.40,No.1(Spring,1998).
21 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,P200.
22 Victoria E.Rodriguez,Peter M.Ward,"Disentangling the PRI form the government in Mexico",Mexican Studies,Vol.10,No.1,(Winter,1994).
23 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P157.
24 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21st Century,Greenwood Press,1995,p.33.
25 Jorge G.Castaneda,translated by Padraic Arthur Smithies,Perpetuating Power:How Mexican Presidents Were Chosen,New York,2000,p.Ⅻ.
26 在国民革命党(PNR)建它之前,议会与总统的关系处于一种抗争阶段,并没有完全依附于总统,这主要表现在议会试图建立议会政体、时常干预总统对官员的任命、总统的立法提案被议会通过的比率较低等。
29 姜士林主编:《世界宪法大全》,青岛出版社,1997年,第1634页。
30 Kevin J.Middleebrook edited,Dilemmas of Political Change in Mexico,Institute of Latin American Studies,2004,p.24.
31 袁东振:《论墨西哥经济转型时期的政治变革》,[博士学位论文],北京:中国社会科学院研究生院,2002年,第56页。
32 JorgeI.Dominguez,James A.McCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,the Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,P194.
33 Belden andRussonello,Press Release:Results of a National Poll of Mexican Voters,Washington,D.C,August 11,1994.专引自JorgeI.Dominguez,James A.McCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,the Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,P197.
34 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994.
35 Renee G.Scherlen,"Lessons to build on:the 1994 Mexican presidential election",Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs,Vol.40,No.1(Spring,1998).
36 JorgeI.Dominguez,James A.McCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,the Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,P198.
37 Renee G.Scherlen,"Lessons to build on:the 1994 Mexican presidential election",Journal of Interameriean Studies and World Affairs,Vol.40,No.1(Spring,1998).
38 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P150.
39 JorgeI.Dominguez,James A.MeCann,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,the Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,P195.
1 参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第85-97页。
2 塞缪尔·P·亨廷顿:《变动社会的政治秩序》,上海:上海译文出版社,1989年,第209页。
3 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,Pxi.
4 袁东振:《论墨西哥经济转型时期的政治变革》,[博士学位论文],北京:中国社会科学院研究生院,2002年,第21页。
5 George W.Grayson edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1990,P9.
6 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P46.
7 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P48.
8 George W.Grayson edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1990,P10.
9 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P10.
10 Jorge L.Dominguez,James A.McCann,"Shaping Mexico's Electoral Arena:The Construction of Parties Cleavage in the 1988 and 1991 National Election",The American Political Science Review,Vol.89,No.1(Mar.,1995),pp36.
11 曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第144-145页。
12 卡洛斯·萨利纳斯:《墨西哥的新民族主义》,杨衍永译,《译丛》,1992年第5期。
13 王绪苓:《新形势下墨西哥民族主义的内涵》,《拉丁美洲研究》,1992年第2期。
14 卡洛斯·萨利纳斯:《墨西哥的新民族主义》,杨衍永译,《译丛》,1992年第5期。
15 卡洛斯·萨利纳斯:《墨西哥的社会自由主义》,王绪苓译,《译丛》,1992年第5期。
16 曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第114页。
17 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P82.
18 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P95.
19 Stephen D.Morris,"Political reformism in Mexico:Salinas at the brink",Journal of Interameriean Studies and World Affairs,Vol.34,No1(Spring 1992),P41.
20 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P80.
21 曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第101页。
22 Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P81.
23 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P94;Monlca Serrano Edited,Governing Mexico:Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London,1998,P83.
24 曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第106页。
25 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P84.
26 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P92.
27 Rob Aitken edited,Dismantling the Mexican State? St.Martin's,Inc.,1996,P133.
28 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21st Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P6.
29 Philip L.Russell,Mexico underSalinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P26
30 Rob Aitken edited,Dismantling the Mexican State? St.Martin's,Inc.1996,P114.
31 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P107.
32 Instituto Federal Electoral,Codigo federal de instituci6nes y proedimientose lectorales(Mexico,D.F.,1991),Aritcle58.转引自 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship "?Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,P191.
33 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P99.
34 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship"? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,P184.
35 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P100.
36 Philip L.Russell,Mexico underSalinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P106.
37 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P100.
38 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship " ? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,PP183-184.
39 Stephen D.Morris,"Political reformism in Mexico:Salinas at the brink",Journal of Interarnerican Studies and World Affairs,Vol.34,Nol(Spring 1992),P41:Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P112.
40 Philip L.Russell,Mexico underSalinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P111. Howard Handelman,Mexican politics:the dynamic of change,St· Martin's Press,Inc.1997,P91.
2参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第84页。
3 参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第89页。
4 参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年,第184页。
5 Schmidt Schmidt,The deterioration of the Mexican presidency:the year of Luis Echeverria,University of Arizona Press,1991,p.20.
6 迈克尔·P.托达罗:《经济发展与第三世界》,印金强等译,北京:中国经济出版社,1992年,第127页。
7 Yoram Shapira,"Mexico:The Impact of the 1968 Student Protest on Echeverri a's Reformism",Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs,1977,19:pp.559-561.
8 George W.Grayson edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1990,P138.
9 参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,东方出版社,1996年,第91页。
10 Thomas J.Kelly,"Neoliberal Reform and Rural Poverty",Latin American Perspectives,Vol.28,No.3,Mexico in the 1990s:Economic Crisis,Social Polarization,and Class Struggle,Part 1.(May,2001 ),P87.
11参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,东方出版社,1996年,第118-125页。
12 Dan A.Cothran,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship " ? Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc.1994,PP64-66.
13 Jorge L.Dominguez,James A.McCann,"Shaping Mexico's Electoral Arena:The Construction of Parties Cleavage in the 1988 and 1991 National Election",TheAmericanPolitiealScienceReview,Vol.89,No.1(Mar.,1995),pp36.
14 George W.Grayson edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1990,P267.
15 Jorge L.Dominguez,James A.McCann,Shaping Mexico's Electoral Arena:The Construction of Parties Cleavage in the 1988 and 1991 National Election,The American Political Science Review,Vol.89,No.1(Mar.,1995),pp36.
16 Kevin J.Middlebrook,Dilemmas of Political Change in Mexico,Institute of Latin American Studies,2004,P72.
17 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P57-58..
18 George W.Grayson edited,Prospects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1990,P277-278.
19 Thomas J.Kelly,"Neoliberal Reform and Rural Poverty",Latin American Perspectives,Vol.28,No.3,P90.
20 Thomas J.Kelly,"Neoliberal Reform and Rural Poverty",Latin American Perspectives,Vol.28,No.3,P93.
21 塞尔索·富尔塔多:《拉丁美洲经济的发展:从西班牙征服到古巴革命》,上海译文出版社,1981年,第243页。
22 杨茂春、陈芝芸:《墨西哥农村资本主义的发展》,《拉丁美洲研究》1984年第1期。
23 姜士林主编:《世界宪法大全》,青岛出版社,1997年,第1628页、第1629页。
24 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,p192.
25 Laura Randall,edited,Changing Structure of Mexico:Political,Social and Economic Prospects,New York:M.E.Sharo,1996,p.104.
26 Christopher Thomas,The Inadequacy of Article 27 Reforms in Shaping SustainableEjidos,http://dlc.dlib.indiana.edu/archive/00000363/00/thomsc041400.pdf.
27 Laura Randall,edited,Changing Structure of Mexico:PoliticaL Social and Economic Prospects,New York:M.E.Sharo,1996,p.103-110..
28 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P53.
29 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P80.
30 Michael Coppedge,"Parties and Society in Mexico and Venezula:Why Competition Matters",Comparative Politics,Vol.25,No.3,(Apr.,1993),PP.255-256.
31 Philip L.Russell,Mexico underSalinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P7.
32 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P11.
33 La Jornada,April 25,1992,p9,转引自 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P85.
34 James Gregory Samstad,Union Legacies and the Politics of Productivity:Corporatism.Clientelism,and Firm Reorganization during the Transition to Export-Led Development in Mexico,Berkeley,1998,p.114.
35 Maria Lorena Cook,"Mexican State-Labor Relations and the Political Implications of Free Trade",Latin american Perspectives,Vol.22,No.1,(winter,1995).
36 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,PP85-86.
37 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P85.
38 Howard Handelman,Mexican politics:the dynamic of change,St· Martin's Press,Inc.1997,P136.
39 Gerardo Otero,ed.,Neoliberalism Revisted:Economic Restructuring and Mexico's Political Future,Boulder,Colo:westview Press,1996,P51.
40 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P282.
41 Howard Handelman,Mexican politics:the dynamic of change,St·Martin's Press,Inc.1997,P136.
42 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P285.
43 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P288.
44 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P286.
45 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P288.
46 Philip L.Russell,Mexico under Salinas,Mexico Resource Center,1994,P286.
47 周瑞芳,《墨西哥总统萨利纳斯及其内外政策》,《世界经济与政治》,1993年第8期。
48 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P81.
49 Garza Luis Angel and Fernando Ortega Pizarro,Monterrey tiene a la mitad de los bancos y el mayor consumo de tortibonos,Proceso 812(May 25,1992),转引自Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P81.
50 Stephen D.Morris,Political Reformism in Mexico:An Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.,1995,P82.
1 杨中林:《墨西哥的政治改革和政党制度》,《拉丁美洲研究》,1989年第4期。
2 Kevin J.Middlebrook,Dilemmas of Political Change in Mexico,Institute of Latin American Studies,2004,P70.
3姜士林主编:《世界宪法大全》,青岛出版社,1997年,第1628页、第1651页。
4 参见曾昭耀:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,东方出版社,1996年,第84页。
5 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P10.
6 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P10.
7 Howard Handelman,Mexican politics:the dynamic of change,St·Martin's Press,Inc.1997,P15.
8 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P13.
9 Foreigen Broadcast Information Service(FBIS),Daily Report:Latin America,April 19,1994.转引自 Donald E.Schulz and Edward J.Williams,Mexico Face the 21~(st) Century,Greenwood Press,1995,P14.
10徐世澄:《墨西哥政治经济改革及模式转换》,世界知识出版社,2004年,第115页。
11 徐世澄:《拉美政党在民主过渡中的作用--墨西哥的经验》,《太平洋学报》2002年第1期。
12 Jorge I.Dominguez and Alejandro Poire,Toward Mexico's Democratization,Routledge,New York,1999,P.93.
14 La Jornada,4 de Julio,2000.转引自徐世澄:《墨西哥政治经济改革及模式转化》,世界知识出版社2004年,第147页。
15 徐世澄:《连续执政71年的墨西哥革命制度党缘何下野》,《拉丁美洲研究》,2001年第5期。
16 李国伟:《墨西哥革命制度党失去政权的原因》,《当代世界与社会主义》,2005年第3期。
1邓小平:《邓小平文选》(第三卷),北京:人民出版社,1993年,第284页,第124页。
1.Aitken,Rob,ed.,Dismantling the Mexican State? St.Martin's,Inc.1996.
2.Casta(?)eda,Jorge G.,translated by Padraic Arthur Smithies,Perpetuating Power:How Mexican Presidents Were Chosen,New York,2000.
3.Cook,Maria Lorena & Middlebrook,Kevin J.& Horcasitas,Juan Molinar edited,The Politics of Econmic Restructuring:State-Society Relations and Regime Change in Mexico,University of California,1994.
4.Cothran,Dan A.,Political Stability and Democracy in Mexico:The "Perfect Dictatorship? ",Westport,CT,Praeger,1994.
5.Dominguez,Jorge I.& Alejandro Poire,Toward Mexico's Democratization,Routledge,New York,1999,P.93.
6.Dominguez,Jorge I.& McCann,James A.,Democratizing Mexico:Public Opinion and Electoral Choices,The Johns Hopkins University Press,1996.
7.Gentleman,Judith,ed.,Mexican Politics im Transition,Westview Press,1987
8.Grayson,George W.,Prospeects for Democracy in Mexico,Transaction Publishers,1999.
9.Handelman,Howard,Mexican Politics:The Dynamics of Change,New York:St.Martin's Press,1997.
10.Middlebrook,Kevin J.,ed.,Dilemmas of Political Change in Mexico,London:Institute of Latin American Studies,2003.
11.Mizrahi,Yemile,From Martyrdom to Power:The Partido Acci6n Nacional in Mexico,University of Notre Dame Press,2003.
12.Morris,Stephen D.,Political Reformism in Mexico:an Overview of Contemporary Mexican Politics,Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.1995.
13.Otero,Gerardo,ed.,Neoliberalism Revisted:Economic Restructuring and Mexico 's Political Future,Boulder,Colo:westview Press,1996.
14.Randall,Laura,ed.,Changing Structure of Mexico:Political,Social and Economic Prospects,New York:M.E.Sharo,1996.15.Roett,Riordan,ed.,Political and Economic Liberalization in Mexico:At a Critical Juncture? Lynne Rienner Publishers,Inc.1993.
16. Russell, Philip L., Mexico under Salinas, Mexico Resource Center, 1994.
17. Serrano, Monica , ed., Governing Mexico: Political Parties and Elections,Institute of Latin American Studies University of London, 1998.
18. Samstad , James Gregory, "Union Legacies and the Politics of Productivity:Corporatism, Clientelism, and Firm Reorganization during the Transition to Export-Led Development in Mexico ",Berkeley, 1998.
19. Schulz , Donald E. & Williams, Edward J., ed., Mexico Face the 21st Century,Greenwood Press ,1995.
20. Schmidt , Schmidt, The deterioration of the Mexican presidency: the year of Luis Echeverria, University of Arizona Press, 1991.
21. Teichman, Judith A., Privatization and Political Change in Mexico, University of Pittsburge Press, 1995.
1. Alarcon, Diana & Mckinley, Beyond Import Substitution: The Restructuring Projects of Brazil and Mexico, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.19, No.2. (Spring,1992).
2. Alejandre, Jesus Arroyo & Morris, Stephen D., The Electoral Recovery of the PRI in Guadalajara ,Mexico, 1988-1998, Bulletin of Latin American Research, Vol.12,No.1.(Jan., 1993).
3. Bruhn, Kathleen, Social Spending and Political Support: The "Lessons"of the National Solidarity Program in Mexico, Comparative Politics, Vol.28, No.2 (Jan.,1996).
4. Camp, Roderic A., Camarillas in MexicanPolitics:TheCase of the Salinas Cabinet,Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.6, No.1 (Winter, 1990).
5. Camp, Roderic Ai, Battling For the Voter, Mexico's Path to Democracy, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.11, No.2. (Winter, 1995).
6. Cardenas, Cuauhtemoc, Misunderstanding Mexico, Foregin Policy,No.78,(Spring, 1990).
7. Centeno, Miguel Angel, After the Fall: The Legacy of Carlos Salinas, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.13, No.2. (Winter, 1997).
8. Cook, Maria Lorena, Mexican State-Labor Relations and the Political Implications of Free Trade, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.22, No.l,(winter, 1995).
9. Coppedge, Michael, Parties and Society in Mexico and Venezuela: Why Competition Matters, Comparative Politics, Vol.25, No.3. (Apr., 1993).
10. Cornelius, Wayne A., Mexico's Delayed Democratization, Foreign Policy,No.95. (Summer, 1994).
11. Corrales, Javier, Presidents, Rulling Parties, and Party Rules: A Theory on the Politics of Economic Reform in Latin America, Comparative Politics, Vol.32, No.2 (Jan., 2000).
12. Davis, Charles L. & Coleman, Kenneth M., Neoliberal Economic Policies and the Potential for Electoral Change in Mexico, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos,Vol.10, No.2. (Summer, 1994).
13. Davis, Charles L. & Coleman, Kenneth M., Structural Determinants of Working-Class Politicization: The Role of Independent Unions in Mexico, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.5, No.1 (Winter, 1989).
14. Davis, Diane E., Failed Democratic Reform in Contemporary Mexico: From Social Movenment to the State and Back Again, Journal of Latin American Studies,Vol.26,No.2.(May, 1994).
15. Dominguez, Jorge L. & McCann, James A., Shaping Mexico's Electoral Arena: The Construction of Parties Cleavage in the 1988 and 1991 National Election,The American Political Science Review,Vol.89,No. 1 .(Mar., 1995).
16. Dryzek, John S., Political Inclusion and the Dynamics of Democratization, The American Polical Science Review, Vol.90, No.3. (Sep., 1996).
17. Flores-Quiroga, Aldo R., Economic Crisis and the Mexican State: Toward a New Institutional Interpretation, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.17, No.2.(Winter, 2001).
18. Foley, Michael W., Privatizing the Countryside: The Mexican Peasant Movement and Neoliberal Reform, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.22,No.1,(winter,1995).
19. Geddes, Barbara, The Politics of Economic Liberalization, Latin American Research Review, Vol.30, No.2.(1995).
20. Gentleman, Judith & Zubek, Voytek, International Integration and Democratic Development: The Cases of Poland and Mexico, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.34, No.1.(Spring, 1992).
21. Gilbreth, Chris & Otero, Gerardo, Democratization in Mexico: The Zapatista Uprising and Civil Society, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.28, No.4.(Jul., 2001).
22. Harding, Timothy & Petras, James, Democratization and Class Struggle, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.15, No.3.(Summer, 1988).
23. Hellman, Judith Adler, Mexican Popular Movements, Clientelism, and the Process of Democratization, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.21, No.2, Social Movements and Political Change in Latin America: 1. (Spring, 1994).
24. Hollings, Ernest F., Reform Mexico First, Foreign Policy, No.93.(Winter,1993-1994).
25. Hoskin , Gary, Democratization in Latin America, Latin American Research Review, Vol.32, No.2.(1997).
26. Kaufman, Robert R. & Zuckermann, Leo, Attitudes toward Economic Reform in Mexico: The Role of Political Orientations, The American Political Science Review, Vol.92, No.2. (Jun.,1998).
27. Klesner, Joseph L., Political Change in Mexico: Institutions and Identity, Latin American Research Review, Vol.32, No.2.(1997).
28. Klesner, Joseph L. & Lawson, Chappell, "Adios" to the PRI? Changing Voter Turnout in Mexico's Political Transition, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos,Vol.17,No.1.(Winter, 2001).
29. Klesner, Joseph L., Modernization, Economic Crisis , and Electoral Alignment in Mexico, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos,,Vol.9, No.2.(Summer, 1993).
30. Knight, Alan, Populism and Neo-Populism in Latin America, Especially Mexico,Journal of Latin American Studies, Vol.30, No.2. (May, 1998).
31. Langston, Joy, Breaking Out Is Hard to Do: Exit, Voice, and Loyalty in Mexico's One-Party Hegemonic Regime, Latin American Politics and Society, Vol.44,No.3, (winter,2002).
32. Lindau, Juan D., Technocrats and Mexico's Political Elite, Political Science Quarterly, Vol.111, No.2.(Summer, 1996).
33. Middlebrook, Kevin J., The Sounds of Silence: Organised Labour's Response to Economic Crisis in Mexico, Journal of Latin American Studies, Vol.21, No.2. (May,1989).
34. Migdail, Carl J., Mexico's Falling Political System, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol. 29, No. 1 .(Spring, 1987).
35. Mizrahi, Yemile, Rebels without a Cause? The Politics of Entrepreneurs in Chihuahua, Journal of Latin American Studies, Vol.26, No.l.(Feb., 1994).
36. Morici, Peter, Free Trade with Mexico, Foreign Policy, No.87.(Summer, 1992).
37. Morris , Stephen D., Political reformism in Mexico: Salinas at the brink,Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.34, No.l.(Spring 1992).
38. Morris, Stephen D., Political Reformism in Mexico: Past and Present, Latin American Research Review, Vol.28, No.2.(1993).
39. Nash, June, The Fiesta of the Word: The Zapatista Uprising and Radical Democracy in Mexico, American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol.99, No.2.(Jun.,1997).
40. Otero Gerardo, Neoliberal Reform in Rural Mexico: Social Structural and Political Demensions, Latin American Research Review, Vol.35, No.1.(2000).
41. Pastor, Manuel & Wise, Carol, The Origins and Sustainability of Mexico's Free Trade Policy, International Organization, Vol.48,No.3.(Summer, 1994).
42. Pastor, Manuel & Wise, Carol, State Policy, Distribution and Neoliberal Reform in Mexico, Journal of Latin American Studies, Vol.29, No.2.(May, 1997).
43. Pastor, Rober A., Post-Revolutionary Mexico: The Salinas Opening, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.32, No.3.(Autumn, 1990).
44. Poitras, Guy & Robinson, Raymond, The Politics of NAFTA in Mexico,Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.36, No.1.(Spring 1994).
45. Purcell, Susan Kaufman, The changing Nature of US-Mexico Relations,Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.39, No.1.(Spring, 1997).
46. Richard, Roman & Arregui, Edur Velasco, Neoliberalism, Labor Market Transformation, and Working-Class Responses: Social and Historical Roots of Accommodation and Protest, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.28, No.4, Mexico in 1990s: Economic Crisis, Social Polarization, and Class Struggle, Part 2.(jul.,, 2001).
47. Rodriguez, Victoria E. & Ward, Peter M., Opposition Politics, Power and Public Administration in Urban Mexico, Bulletin of Latin American Research, Vol.10, No.1(1991).
48. Rodriguez, Victoria E. & Ward, Peter M., Disentangling the PRI Form the Governmnet in Mexico, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.10, No.1(Winter, 1994).
49. Samstad, James G, Corporatism and Democratic Transition: State and Labor during the Salinas and Zedillo Administrations, Latin American Politics and Society,Vol.44, No.4, (Winter,2002).
50. Spalding, Rose J., Peasants, Politics, and Change in Rural Mexico, Latin American Research Review, Vol.23, No.1.(1988).
51. Scherlen, Renee G, Lessons to build on : the 1994 Mexican presidential election, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol. 40, No. 1 .(Spring,1998).
52. Schneider, Ben Ross, Why is Mexican Business so Organized? Latin American Research Review, Vol.37, No. 1.(2002).
53. Shapira, Yoram, Mexico: The Impact of the 1968 Student Protest on Echeverria's Reformism, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, 1977.
54. Smith, Peter., The Political Impact of Free Trade on Mexico, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.34, No.1.(Spring ,1992).
55. Stanford, Lois, The "Organization" of Mexican Agriculture: Conflicts and Compromises, Latin American Research Review, Vol.28, No.1.(1993).
56. Stephen, Lynn, The Zapatista Army of National Liberation and the National Democratic Convention, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.22, No.4.(Sep., 1995).
57. Teichman, Judith, Neoliberalism and the Transformation of Mexican Authoritariansim, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos, Vol.13, No.1 (Winter, 1997).
58. Teichman, Judith, The Mexican State and the Political Implications of Economic Restructuring, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.19, No.2. (Spring, 1992).
59. Teichman, Judith A., Mexico: Economic Reform and Political Change, Latin American Research Review, Vol.31, No.2.(1996).
60. Thelen, David, A Conversation with Lorenzo Meyer about Mexico's Political Transition: From Authoritarianism to What? The Journal of American History, Vol.86,No.2(Sep., 1999).
61. Thacher, Strom C, NAFTA Coalitions and the Political Viability of Neoliberalism in Mexico, Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol.41,No.2.(Summer, 1999).
62. Vadi, Jose M., Economic Golbalization, Class Struggle, and the Mexican State,Latin American Perspectives, Vol.28, No.4, Mexico in 1990s: Economic Crisis,Social Polarization, and Class Struggle, Part 2.(jul., 2001).
63. Villarreal, Andres, Public Opinion of the Economy and the President Among Mexico City Residents: The Salinas Sexenio, Latin American Research Review,Vol.34,No.2.(1999).
64. Veltmeyer, Henry, The Dynamics of Social Change and Mexico's EZLN, Latin American Perspectives, Vol.27, No.4.(Sep., 2000).
65. Weintraub, Sidney B., The Interpaly between Economic and Political Opening in Mexico, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol.137, No.1.(Mar.1993).
66. Williams, Mark Eric, Learning the Limits of Power: Privatization and State-Labor Interactions in Mexico, Latin American Politics and Society, Vol.43,No.4, (winter,2001).
67. Williams, Mark Eric, Traversing the Mexican Odyssey: Reflections on Political Change and the Study of Mexican Politics, Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos,Vol.18, No.1 (Winter,2002).
1、 胡锦涛:《高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗--在中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会上的报告》,人民出版社,2007年10月第1版。
2、 曾照耀著:《政治稳定与现代化--墨西哥政治模式的历史考察》,北京:东方出版社,1996年。
3、 徐世澄著:《墨西哥政治经济改革及模式转换》,北京:世界知识出版,2004年。
4、 江时学:《拉美发展模式研究》,经济管理出版社,1996年。
5、 孙若彦:《经济全球化与墨西哥对外战略的转变》,中国社会科学出版社,2004年。
6、 江时学主编:《拉美国家的经济改革》,经济管理出版社,1998年。
7、 陈芝芸等:《北美自由贸易协定一南北经济一体化的尝试》,经济管理出版社,1996年。
8、[英]莱斯利·贝瑟尔主编:《剑桥拉丁美洲史》,经济管理出版社,1996年,第162页。
9、 唐君、辛易主编:《国外政党执政镜鉴》,浙江人民出版社,2005年。
10、姜士林主编:《世界宪法大全》,青岛出版社,1997年,第1631页
11、塞缪尔·P·亨廷顿:《变动社会的政治秩序》,上海译文出版社,1989年,。
12、迈克尔·P.托达罗:《经济发展与第三世界》,印金强等译,北京:中国经济出版社,1992年。
13、 塞尔索·富尔塔多:《拉丁美洲经济的发展:从西班牙征服到古巴革命》,上海译文出版社,1981年。
14、邓小平:《邓小平文选》(第三卷),北京:人民出版社,1993年,第284页。
1、 曾照耀:《发展中国家现代化进程中的政治发展问题--关于墨西哥政治改革的几点思考》,载《拉丁美洲研究》,1997年第6期。
2、 杨中林:《墨西哥的政治改革和政党制度的发展》,《拉丁美洲研究》,1989年第4期。
3、 杨中林:《萨利纳斯执政后墨西哥的政治改革》,《世界经济与政治》,1993年底8期。
4、袁东振:《论墨西哥经济转型时期的政治变革》,中国社会科学院研究生院博士学位论文,2002年。
5、 刘新民:《浅论墨西哥政治改革的动力》,载《拉丁美洲研究》,1996年第1期。
6、王志先:《执政老党大权旁落--墨西哥革命制度党丢失政权剖析》,《当代世界》,2001年第10期。
7、 徐世澄:《连续执政71年的墨西哥革命制度党缘何下野》,《拉丁美洲研究》,2001年第5期。
8、刘昌雄:《墨西哥革命制度党长期执政及其下台的原因剖析》,《探索》2001年第4期。
9、 江时学:《墨西哥革命制度党下台的原因》,《中国党政干部论坛》,2002年第1期。
10、 李国伟:《墨西哥革命制度党失去政权的原因,《当代世界与社会主义》,2005年第3期。
11、 杨仲林:《卡洛斯·萨利纳斯·德戈塔里--墨西哥革命制度党1988-1994年总统候选人》,《拉丁美洲研究》,1988年第2期,第59页。
12、 崔燕云译,叶可曼校:《墨西哥外国投资法(1993年)》,《外国法译评》,1997年第2期。
13、卡洛斯·萨利纳斯:《墨西哥的新民族主义》,杨衍永译,《译丛》,1992年第5期。
14、 王绪苓:《新形势下墨西哥民族主义的内涵》,《拉丁美洲研究》1992年第2期。
15、 卡洛斯·萨利纳斯:《墨西哥的新民族主义》,杨衍永译,《译丛》,1992年第5期。
16、 杨茂春、陈芝芸:《墨西哥农村资本主义的发展》,《拉丁美洲研究》1984年第1期。
17、 周瑞芳,《墨西哥总统萨利纳斯及其内外政策》,《世界经济与政治》,1993年第8期。
18、 徐世澄:《拉美政党在民主过渡中的作用--墨西哥的经验》,《太平洋学报》2002年第1期。
19、刘德威:《墨西哥革命制度党的历史兴衰》,《当代世界社会主义问题》,2000年第1期。
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |