基于排队论与系统模拟的煤矿装车站系统能力分析
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摘要
煤矿铁路装车站是煤矿生产的最后一环,也是煤炭进入流通销售领域的第一个环节。准确评价分析煤矿装车站的能力对减少设备空费,提高铁路全线运能,优化运输组织工作,缩短煤炭外运周期,促进我国社会经济发展意义重大。
我国铁路车站能力的计算方法主要以传统的公式计算法和图解计算法为主,以利用率计算为核心,缺乏对车站系统做整体考虑,作业接续延误时间、空费系数都不好确定。本文研究的煤矿装车站是一种货运站,其到达的不均衡性较大,导致车站实际作业的波动性较大,传统车站能力计算方法与实际能力误差较大。本文通过排队论模型和计算机模拟技术分析出的装车站系统能力克服了车站能力传统计算方法的不足,更加符合实际情况,并且两种方法可以相互验证,互相补充,减少了装车站能力确定上的误差。
本文利用系统分析方法提出了煤矿装车站系统能力的概念,系统分析了煤矿装车站系统结构；模拟出典型装车站的各子系统的事件流,采用排队论,考虑各系统在各项作业中的不均衡性及其产生的延误,从整体上分析出了典型装车站的系统能力,提出了装车站系统扩能的定量方法；以现场真实数据模拟的事件流和改变特征的事件流为基础,用计算机模拟技术模拟了整个装车站系统的运行,定量求解出了典型装车站系统能力并提出了其扩能方法；总结出了煤矿装车站系统能力的影响因素及不同布置类型煤炭装车站的系统能力。
Coal loading in railway station is the last part of coal production, which is also the first step in the field of coal into circulation and market.Accurate assessment and analysis of the capacity of coal loading station equipment can reduce the vacant coefficient of the equipments, improve the railway transport capacity, optimize transport organization, shorten the coal transport cycle and has great significance to the socio-economic development.
The calculation methods of China Railway stations capabilities give priority to traditional formula methods and graphical calculation technique with utilization of computing as the core, lacking consideration of the station system as a whole.These methods can't determine operation delay time and the leisure coefficient easily.The thesis researches the coal loading stations, which are special freight station with the arrival of a greater imbalance, leading to a greater volatility in the actual operation of the station.These phenomenons through the traditional calculation produce greater error in the actual capacity.The thesis analyzes the the station system capacity through queuing theory and computer simulation techniques,which can overcome insufficients of the traditional method in the capacity analysis of the loading station.These two new methods are more practical.The can verify each other, complement each other, and reduce the error in determining the loading station ability.
In the thesis, the concept of system capacity of coal loading station is proposed.The coal loading station system architecture is analysed in the methods of system analyse.The event streams of the various subsystems are simulated in the typical loading stations. The system capabilities of typical loading stations are computed on the whole by queuing theory, taking into account the operating system in imbalance and the resulting delay.Some quantitative measures are proposed to extend the capabilities of loading station system.The running state of the whole loading station system is simulated on the computer simulation technology based on the event stream flows of the real data and the event stream flows by changing the characters.The system capacities of typical loading stations are coputed quantitatively, and the expansion methods are propsed.In the end, influencing factors in the system capacities of the coal loading stations are summed up,and the system capacity of coal loading station in different layout types are also summarized.
我国铁路车站能力的计算方法主要以传统的公式计算法和图解计算法为主,以利用率计算为核心,缺乏对车站系统做整体考虑,作业接续延误时间、空费系数都不好确定。本文研究的煤矿装车站是一种货运站,其到达的不均衡性较大,导致车站实际作业的波动性较大,传统车站能力计算方法与实际能力误差较大。本文通过排队论模型和计算机模拟技术分析出的装车站系统能力克服了车站能力传统计算方法的不足,更加符合实际情况,并且两种方法可以相互验证,互相补充,减少了装车站能力确定上的误差。
本文利用系统分析方法提出了煤矿装车站系统能力的概念,系统分析了煤矿装车站系统结构；模拟出典型装车站的各子系统的事件流,采用排队论,考虑各系统在各项作业中的不均衡性及其产生的延误,从整体上分析出了典型装车站的系统能力,提出了装车站系统扩能的定量方法；以现场真实数据模拟的事件流和改变特征的事件流为基础,用计算机模拟技术模拟了整个装车站系统的运行,定量求解出了典型装车站系统能力并提出了其扩能方法；总结出了煤矿装车站系统能力的影响因素及不同布置类型煤炭装车站的系统能力。
Coal loading in railway station is the last part of coal production, which is also the first step in the field of coal into circulation and market.Accurate assessment and analysis of the capacity of coal loading station equipment can reduce the vacant coefficient of the equipments, improve the railway transport capacity, optimize transport organization, shorten the coal transport cycle and has great significance to the socio-economic development.
The calculation methods of China Railway stations capabilities give priority to traditional formula methods and graphical calculation technique with utilization of computing as the core, lacking consideration of the station system as a whole.These methods can't determine operation delay time and the leisure coefficient easily.The thesis researches the coal loading stations, which are special freight station with the arrival of a greater imbalance, leading to a greater volatility in the actual operation of the station.These phenomenons through the traditional calculation produce greater error in the actual capacity.The thesis analyzes the the station system capacity through queuing theory and computer simulation techniques,which can overcome insufficients of the traditional method in the capacity analysis of the loading station.These two new methods are more practical.The can verify each other, complement each other, and reduce the error in determining the loading station ability.
In the thesis, the concept of system capacity of coal loading station is proposed.The coal loading station system architecture is analysed in the methods of system analyse.The event streams of the various subsystems are simulated in the typical loading stations. The system capabilities of typical loading stations are computed on the whole by queuing theory, taking into account the operating system in imbalance and the resulting delay.Some quantitative measures are proposed to extend the capabilities of loading station system.The running state of the whole loading station system is simulated on the computer simulation technology based on the event stream flows of the real data and the event stream flows by changing the characters.The system capacities of typical loading stations are coputed quantitatively, and the expansion methods are propsed.In the end, influencing factors in the system capacities of the coal loading stations are summed up,and the system capacity of coal loading station in different layout types are also summarized.
引文
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