量子关联定位关键技术的研究
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摘要
定位技术广泛应用于国民经济和军事安全的各个方面,为科技的进步、社会的发展做出了巨大的贡献。传统定位技术基于经典理论,其定位精度受到了经典噪声极限的限制,无法进一步提高。量子关联定位技术是导航与定位领域的一项崭新技术,具有非常大的研究价值和应用潜力。由于其具有极高的定位精度和很好的安全性,一经提出就引起了世界各国研究学者的普遍关注
现阶段,纠缠光子对的关联特性已经被用于量子定位系统以及其他精密测量方面的研究。这些基于纠缠光子对关联特性的方案已经被证实可以提供更高的测量精度,有些方案甚至能逼近海森堡极限。然而在上述方案中,由于多方纠缠态的制备尚有较大难度,在一定程度上限制了方案的实用性。
本论文针对量子关联定位中的若干关键技术进行了理论和实验研究,内容涉及时钟同步技术,测距技术,和星间链路技术。具体内容包括：
1.提出了基于热光二阶关联特性的时钟同步实验模型。近年来,大量基于关联光学的理论和实验研究表明,热态具有和双光子纠缠态相仿的二阶关联特性,利用热光可以模仿纠缠光实现类似的鬼成像,鬼干涉,亚波长干涉等关联实验。因此,本文利用热光的关联特性结合传送带同步原理设计了一种新的高精度时钟同步实验模型,分析比较了模型的四种不同实现方法,并讨论了其运行的精度及速率两大关键参数。
2.提出了基于热光二阶关联特性的测距实验模型。由于热光二阶关联函数的良好特性,本文利用热光的二阶关联特性设计了一种高精度,无测量盲区,抗干扰性好的测距模型。在此基础上,搭建了热光关联测距的实验平台,完成了基于热光二阶关联测距的原理验证实验,为进一步实现室外远距离热光关联测距打下了良好的基础。
3.探讨了基于量子关联的星间链路技术。本文提出了基于量子关联的星间链路技术的概念,讨论了量子星间链路的工作频段及体制优势,描述了最基本的量子星间链路的建立,分析了信道损耗与链路关联度之间的关系,并类比开放系统互联结构定义了量子星间链路的网络架构。
Positioning technology is widely used in all aspects of national economy andmilitary security, making great contribution to scientifc progress and social de-velopment. Traditional positioning technology is based on classical theories, theaccuracy is limited by shot noise limit and cannot be further improved. Quantumcorrelation positioning technology is a novel technology in the feld of navigationand positioning and has great research values and potential applications. Be-cause of very high positioning accuracy and good security, it has attracted greatconcerns of research scholars all around the world since it was proposed.
At the present stage, correlation features of entangled photon pairs have beenused in quantum positioning systems and other precise measurement researches.The schemes based on correlation features of entangled photon pairs have beenproved to have higher measurement accuracy, some can even approach Heisenberglimitation. But because of the difculties in the preparation of entangled photons,the practicality of these schemes above are limited to a certain extent.This dissertation focuses on the theoretical and experimental study of sev-eral key technologies in quantum correlation positioning, covering clock synchro-nization technology, ranging technology and inter-satellite link technology. Thedetailed contents include:
1. Propose a clock synchronization scheme based on the second order corre-lation feature of thermal light. In recent years, large amount of theoreticaland experimental researches based on correlated optics show that thermalstate has similar second order correlation features as two-photon entan-gled state. Using thermal light can imitate entangled light to implementsimilar correlation experiments such as ghost imaging, ghost interferenceand sub-wavelength interference. So in this dissertation, we design a novel high-precision clock synchronization scheme by using the correlation fea-tures of thermal light combining with conveyor belt synchronization princi-ple,analyze and compare the four diferent implementations of this scheme,and discuss two key parameters: accuracy and update rate.
2. Propose a distance measurement scheme based on the second order corre-lation feature of thermal light. Because of the good features of thermallight second order coherence function, in this dissertation, a distance mea-surement scheme with the advantages of high-precision, no measuring deadzone and good anti-jamming has been designed.On this basis, a thermallight correlated distance measurement experimental platform has been im-plemented, and a proof of principle experiment has been done, which lays agood foundation for further implementation of outdoor long-distance ther-mal light correlated distance measurement.
3. Discuss the inter-satellite link technology based on the quantum correlation.In this dissertation, the defnition of inter-satellite link based on quantumcorrelation has been proposed, and the frequency spectrum as well as thesuperiorities of inter-satellite link based on quantum correlation have beendiscussed. The establishment of the basic quantum inter-satellite link hasbeen described, and the relationship between the channel loss and the cor-relation degree of the link has been analyzed. Analogy with open systeminterconnection, the network structure of quantum inter-satellite link hasbeen defned.
现阶段,纠缠光子对的关联特性已经被用于量子定位系统以及其他精密测量方面的研究。这些基于纠缠光子对关联特性的方案已经被证实可以提供更高的测量精度,有些方案甚至能逼近海森堡极限。然而在上述方案中,由于多方纠缠态的制备尚有较大难度,在一定程度上限制了方案的实用性。
本论文针对量子关联定位中的若干关键技术进行了理论和实验研究,内容涉及时钟同步技术,测距技术,和星间链路技术。具体内容包括：
1.提出了基于热光二阶关联特性的时钟同步实验模型。近年来,大量基于关联光学的理论和实验研究表明,热态具有和双光子纠缠态相仿的二阶关联特性,利用热光可以模仿纠缠光实现类似的鬼成像,鬼干涉,亚波长干涉等关联实验。因此,本文利用热光的关联特性结合传送带同步原理设计了一种新的高精度时钟同步实验模型,分析比较了模型的四种不同实现方法,并讨论了其运行的精度及速率两大关键参数。
2.提出了基于热光二阶关联特性的测距实验模型。由于热光二阶关联函数的良好特性,本文利用热光的二阶关联特性设计了一种高精度,无测量盲区,抗干扰性好的测距模型。在此基础上,搭建了热光关联测距的实验平台,完成了基于热光二阶关联测距的原理验证实验,为进一步实现室外远距离热光关联测距打下了良好的基础。
3.探讨了基于量子关联的星间链路技术。本文提出了基于量子关联的星间链路技术的概念,讨论了量子星间链路的工作频段及体制优势,描述了最基本的量子星间链路的建立,分析了信道损耗与链路关联度之间的关系,并类比开放系统互联结构定义了量子星间链路的网络架构。
Positioning technology is widely used in all aspects of national economy andmilitary security, making great contribution to scientifc progress and social de-velopment. Traditional positioning technology is based on classical theories, theaccuracy is limited by shot noise limit and cannot be further improved. Quantumcorrelation positioning technology is a novel technology in the feld of navigationand positioning and has great research values and potential applications. Be-cause of very high positioning accuracy and good security, it has attracted greatconcerns of research scholars all around the world since it was proposed.
At the present stage, correlation features of entangled photon pairs have beenused in quantum positioning systems and other precise measurement researches.The schemes based on correlation features of entangled photon pairs have beenproved to have higher measurement accuracy, some can even approach Heisenberglimitation. But because of the difculties in the preparation of entangled photons,the practicality of these schemes above are limited to a certain extent.This dissertation focuses on the theoretical and experimental study of sev-eral key technologies in quantum correlation positioning, covering clock synchro-nization technology, ranging technology and inter-satellite link technology. Thedetailed contents include:
1. Propose a clock synchronization scheme based on the second order corre-lation feature of thermal light. In recent years, large amount of theoreticaland experimental researches based on correlated optics show that thermalstate has similar second order correlation features as two-photon entan-gled state. Using thermal light can imitate entangled light to implementsimilar correlation experiments such as ghost imaging, ghost interferenceand sub-wavelength interference. So in this dissertation, we design a novel high-precision clock synchronization scheme by using the correlation fea-tures of thermal light combining with conveyor belt synchronization princi-ple,analyze and compare the four diferent implementations of this scheme,and discuss two key parameters: accuracy and update rate.
2. Propose a distance measurement scheme based on the second order corre-lation feature of thermal light. Because of the good features of thermallight second order coherence function, in this dissertation, a distance mea-surement scheme with the advantages of high-precision, no measuring deadzone and good anti-jamming has been designed.On this basis, a thermallight correlated distance measurement experimental platform has been im-plemented, and a proof of principle experiment has been done, which lays agood foundation for further implementation of outdoor long-distance ther-mal light correlated distance measurement.
3. Discuss the inter-satellite link technology based on the quantum correlation.In this dissertation, the defnition of inter-satellite link based on quantumcorrelation has been proposed, and the frequency spectrum as well as thesuperiorities of inter-satellite link based on quantum correlation have beendiscussed. The establishment of the basic quantum inter-satellite link hasbeen described, and the relationship between the channel loss and the cor-relation degree of the link has been analyzed. Analogy with open systeminterconnection, the network structure of quantum inter-satellite link hasbeen defned.
引文
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