汽车门窗升降电机生产线在线检测系统的研究
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摘要
企业生产线技术往往是一个决定工作效率,企业生产规模,以至于企业竞争力的关键因素。为保证中小型企业在效益激烈的竞争市场立于不败之地,对企业落后的生产线技术实施改革势在必行。企业生产线在线检测系经的开发与研究不但可减少人工成本,提高劳动生产效率,而且能从根本上把握好企业生产线的产品质量关,提升企业的市场竞争能力。
本论文结合宁波恒特汽车零部件有限公司研究项目开发制作出一套基于该企业汽车门窗升降电机生产线上性能质量在线检测的实验设备。
本论文主要进行以下研究工作:
在线检测控制中通信总线方式的选择往往是试验台的关键技术,作者着重比较了几种常运用的总线方式的优缺点,如RS-232总线、CAN总线以及RS-485总线方式。确定利用RS-485网络在Windows环境下建立的远程数据传输系统解决企业生产线各工位检测试验台与计算机的分布式数据传输问题,易于使用,界面友好,使各工位的操作者从频繁的劳动中解脱出来。此系统在实际生产应用中取得了较好的效果。
在RS-232电平转化设计中,主要进行各个元器件的比较及选取、电路原理图及相应的印制电路板的设计与制作,完成整个电路板的软硬件调试工作。
在生产线第三工位检测试验台的设计中,完成了试验台总体机械结构设计和振动检测部分的设计,包括传感器的选择、工件夹具的设计、振动传感器移动机构、信号处理电路的设计和控制系统的设计。
软件系统主要借助了SQL Server 2000作为数据库管理系统及Visual C++6.0作为前台开发工具,基于传统WINDOWS用户界面,以对话框和属性页的形式对参数进行设定,且对各工位检测试验台传输的数据采用一定的处理,在屏幕上以图形显示,简单直观,易于理解。
汽车门窗升降电机生产线在线检测系统将计算机技术与机电技术、测试技术相结合。采用经济型远程检测系统改造现有企业生产线设备,无论在经济上还是在技术上都是合理可行的研究与开发,具有一定的理论意义与工程实用价值。
The technology of production line in enterprise is an important factor which deeply influence on the efficiency of product、the e scale of product and competition of the company.In order to improve its competition,the midsize enterprises have to make a reform on the present low-efficiency technology of production line.The on-line testing system on the production line can not only reduce the human cost and improve the produce efficiency,but improve on earth improve the competition of enterprise in the keen competition market.
The article has been research a new on-line testing plan used on the electrical machinery on the windows of car,combined the research project form NingBo Hengte Automobile Parts co.Ltd.
The work of this paper demonstrates in the following sections:
How to choose a better way of communication bus in the on-line testing system is a key factor,the article compare some common way,such as RS-232 bus,CAN bus and RS-485 bus.And then decide to use the RS-485 bus in the WINDOWS to resolve the transmission problems between the pc and sub-test beds in the production line,the way is
In the process of transforming electrical level,Accomplished to choose components,to design the hard related circuit and PCB,to weld components,and to test the software and hardware of the circuit.
In the design the third test bed,completed design the whole machinery structure and way of test the noise of machine vibration,including choose the sensors、design workholding device、design the shift-mechanism of vibration sensor and design the circuit of changing sampling signature and the control system.
To completed the whole software by the Visual C++ and SQL,which are based on the windows operating system.And also the software will process collected data from tests.Its has friendly graphic user interface,flexible operating manner and powerful data processing function.
The research of the on-line test of the components and parts of car line combine the technology of electromechanical and the technology of computer test.To transform the present product line by the economical test system,it is feasible and meaning no matter in the economic or in the technology.
本论文结合宁波恒特汽车零部件有限公司研究项目开发制作出一套基于该企业汽车门窗升降电机生产线上性能质量在线检测的实验设备。
本论文主要进行以下研究工作:
在线检测控制中通信总线方式的选择往往是试验台的关键技术,作者着重比较了几种常运用的总线方式的优缺点,如RS-232总线、CAN总线以及RS-485总线方式。确定利用RS-485网络在Windows环境下建立的远程数据传输系统解决企业生产线各工位检测试验台与计算机的分布式数据传输问题,易于使用,界面友好,使各工位的操作者从频繁的劳动中解脱出来。此系统在实际生产应用中取得了较好的效果。
在RS-232电平转化设计中,主要进行各个元器件的比较及选取、电路原理图及相应的印制电路板的设计与制作,完成整个电路板的软硬件调试工作。
在生产线第三工位检测试验台的设计中,完成了试验台总体机械结构设计和振动检测部分的设计,包括传感器的选择、工件夹具的设计、振动传感器移动机构、信号处理电路的设计和控制系统的设计。
软件系统主要借助了SQL Server 2000作为数据库管理系统及Visual C++6.0作为前台开发工具,基于传统WINDOWS用户界面,以对话框和属性页的形式对参数进行设定,且对各工位检测试验台传输的数据采用一定的处理,在屏幕上以图形显示,简单直观,易于理解。
汽车门窗升降电机生产线在线检测系统将计算机技术与机电技术、测试技术相结合。采用经济型远程检测系统改造现有企业生产线设备,无论在经济上还是在技术上都是合理可行的研究与开发,具有一定的理论意义与工程实用价值。
The technology of production line in enterprise is an important factor which deeply influence on the efficiency of product、the e scale of product and competition of the company.In order to improve its competition,the midsize enterprises have to make a reform on the present low-efficiency technology of production line.The on-line testing system on the production line can not only reduce the human cost and improve the produce efficiency,but improve on earth improve the competition of enterprise in the keen competition market.
The article has been research a new on-line testing plan used on the electrical machinery on the windows of car,combined the research project form NingBo Hengte Automobile Parts co.Ltd.
The work of this paper demonstrates in the following sections:
How to choose a better way of communication bus in the on-line testing system is a key factor,the article compare some common way,such as RS-232 bus,CAN bus and RS-485 bus.And then decide to use the RS-485 bus in the WINDOWS to resolve the transmission problems between the pc and sub-test beds in the production line,the way is
In the process of transforming electrical level,Accomplished to choose components,to design the hard related circuit and PCB,to weld components,and to test the software and hardware of the circuit.
In the design the third test bed,completed design the whole machinery structure and way of test the noise of machine vibration,including choose the sensors、design workholding device、design the shift-mechanism of vibration sensor and design the circuit of changing sampling signature and the control system.
To completed the whole software by the Visual C++ and SQL,which are based on the windows operating system.And also the software will process collected data from tests.Its has friendly graphic user interface,flexible operating manner and powerful data processing function.
The research of the on-line test of the components and parts of car line combine the technology of electromechanical and the technology of computer test.To transform the present product line by the economical test system,it is feasible and meaning no matter in the economic or in the technology.
引文
[1]杨素行.微型计算机系统原理及应用[M].北京,清华大学出版社,1995,237-351
[2]康华光.电子技术基础:数字部分[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1979
[3]康华光.电子技术基础:模拟部分[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1979
[4]Cui Shu-Mei,Wang Yue,Chai Feng,Wu Hong-Xing,Liu Bao-Ting,Cheng Shu-Kang.Virtual test system for permanent-magnet DC motor.Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series),2003,(06):200-203
[5]李华.MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术[M].北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,1993,384-460
[6]]谢沅清.信号处理电路[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1994,16-240
[7]Ackerman Clandine,Lentz Henry,Powers Williams Jr,Jones Thomas,Casuccio Ann,Spangler Chuck,Fischione Paul,File David,Anderson Gary,Breindel Harry,Reed Bill.Electrical Contacts,Proceedings of the Annual Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts,1990,(08):259-268
[8]Castelli F.Dynamic test method for the speed-torque characteristic of dc motors.Conference Record-IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference,1996(05):464-168
[9]胡刚等.微机原理及应用[M].北京.机械工业出版社,2001.183-204
[10]黄维通,姚瑞霞.Visual C++程序设计教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002,12-230
[11]余瑞芬.传感器原理(第二版)[M].北京.航空工业出版社,1995,105-173
[12]何希才,刘洪梅.传感器应用接口电路[M].北京机械工业出版社,1997,85-96
[13]Ma Huai-Jian,Wu Li-Hua,Zhang Jian.Integration of automatic test systems for middle/small motor.Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Instrumentation Science and Technology,2002,(05):669-673
[14]李德葆,张元润.振动测量与试验分析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1991,26-70
[15]龚建伟.Visual C++/Turbo C串口通信编程实践[M].北京.电子工业出版社,2004,218-299
[16]Shin Wae-Gyeong,Lee Soo-Hong,Song Young-Sik.The reliability life test and analysis of wiper motor for automobiles.Key Engineering Materials,2006,(01):605-608
[17]蔡伟宏,陈明.分析电机振动的一种新方法[J].防爆电机,2001.3:32-34
[18]姜培刚.机电一体化系统设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1999,98-287
[19]Wu Li-Hua,Ma Huai-Jia,Zhang Jia.Motor test system based on network.Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Instrumentation Science and Technology,2002,(04):620-623
[20]伊勇.Protel DXP电路设计入门与进阶[M].北京,科学出版社,2003,77-162
[21]刘文彦,周学平..现代测试系统[M],北京:国防科技大学出版社,1995,35-121
[22]黄继昌.传感器工作原理及应用实例[M].北京.人民邮电出版社,1998,120-145
[23]何希才.传感器及其应用电路[M].北京.电子工业出版社,2001,144-148
[24]陈忠.微特电机测试技术.[M].上海.上海科学技术出版社,1985,1-35
[25]Jung Il-Ho,Seo Jong-Hwi,Han Hyung-Suk,Park Tae-Won,Kim Joo-Yong.A study on DC motor noise reduction.Advances in Nondestructive Evaluation,2004,(02):1434-1439
[26]Muller希望图书创作室.Visual C++6从入门到精通[M].北京:北京希望电子出版社,1999,20-155
[27]Shigemori Takashi,Sawa Koichiro.Characteristics of flat commutator on DC motor for automotive fuel pump.IEICE Transactions on Electronics,2004,(08):1255-1260
[28]黄贤武.传感器实际应用电路设计[M].西安:电子科技大学出版社,1997,32-54
[29]Sasai Kouji.Automobile electric motors and rheir applications.JEE,Journal of Electronic Engineering,1986,(07):44-46
[30]秦永和.汽车传感器的现状与发展趋势[J].传感器技术,2003,12-14
[31]王益全,张炳义等.电机测试技术[M].北京.科学出版社,2004,3-140
[32]许寥编.电机与电气控制技术[M].北京机械工业出版社,2003,115-140
[33]徐伯雄.电机测量[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1999,45-120
[34]Jan Axelson.Serial Port Complete.Lakeview Research,1999,89-111
[35]Gol O,Ojeah G.E,Blandford S.Computer aided testing of electrical machines.National Conference Publication-Institution of Engineers,1994,(05):269-274
[36]Middleton A.H.The facilities for noise and vibration measurement and simulation.Soc of Environmental Engineers,1984(01):1-E9
[37]刘乐普等.微型计算机接口技术原理及应用[M].武汉;华中理工大学出版社,1996
[38]刘国勇.MAX232/232收发器及其应用[J],国外电子元器件,1997.3,P28-29
[39]刘艳玲.采用MAX232实现MCS-51单片机与PC机通信。《天津理工学院学报》,1999,P57-61
[40 陈佩江,周洪玉.串行通讯在远程通讯系统中的应用[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2002.2,P42-45
[41]贾惠芹、张拥军.用VB通讯控件开发微机与单片机的串行通讯程序[J],现代电子技术,1998.7.P23-26
[42]李军,刘君华.基于AT90S8515的串行通信及应用[J].自动化与仪器仪表,2002.3.P22-25
[43]http://sytvu.ln.cninfo.net/media_file/jyjs/two/2_1_1.HTM
[44]http://www.cnamnic.com.cn/static/alt_market/alt_20060314_106.htm 中国汽车电机网
[45]RS-485总线的理论与实践,www.21ic.com,2002.10
[46]8251A的编程,串行接口C8251A,www.21ic.com
[47]吕德忠,杨鹏,杜太行.计算机控制技术(下)[M].北京,人民邮电出版社,1998.8
[48]李现勇.Visual C++串口通讯技术与工程实践[M].北京,人民邮电出版社,2002, P46-47
[49]Tom D.Tamarkin,Automatic Meter Reading,Public Power.September-October 11092.P550-554
[50]彭为,黄科,雷道仲.单片机典型设计实例精讲[M].北京,电子工业出版社 2006,5
[2]康华光.电子技术基础:数字部分[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1979
[3]康华光.电子技术基础:模拟部分[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1979
[4]Cui Shu-Mei,Wang Yue,Chai Feng,Wu Hong-Xing,Liu Bao-Ting,Cheng Shu-Kang.Virtual test system for permanent-magnet DC motor.Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series),2003,(06):200-203
[5]李华.MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术[M].北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,1993,384-460
[6]]谢沅清.信号处理电路[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1994,16-240
[7]Ackerman Clandine,Lentz Henry,Powers Williams Jr,Jones Thomas,Casuccio Ann,Spangler Chuck,Fischione Paul,File David,Anderson Gary,Breindel Harry,Reed Bill.Electrical Contacts,Proceedings of the Annual Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts,1990,(08):259-268
[8]Castelli F.Dynamic test method for the speed-torque characteristic of dc motors.Conference Record-IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference,1996(05):464-168
[9]胡刚等.微机原理及应用[M].北京.机械工业出版社,2001.183-204
[10]黄维通,姚瑞霞.Visual C++程序设计教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002,12-230
[11]余瑞芬.传感器原理(第二版)[M].北京.航空工业出版社,1995,105-173
[12]何希才,刘洪梅.传感器应用接口电路[M].北京机械工业出版社,1997,85-96
[13]Ma Huai-Jian,Wu Li-Hua,Zhang Jian.Integration of automatic test systems for middle/small motor.Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Instrumentation Science and Technology,2002,(05):669-673
[14]李德葆,张元润.振动测量与试验分析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1991,26-70
[15]龚建伟.Visual C++/Turbo C串口通信编程实践[M].北京.电子工业出版社,2004,218-299
[16]Shin Wae-Gyeong,Lee Soo-Hong,Song Young-Sik.The reliability life test and analysis of wiper motor for automobiles.Key Engineering Materials,2006,(01):605-608
[17]蔡伟宏,陈明.分析电机振动的一种新方法[J].防爆电机,2001.3:32-34
[18]姜培刚.机电一体化系统设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1999,98-287
[19]Wu Li-Hua,Ma Huai-Jia,Zhang Jia.Motor test system based on network.Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Instrumentation Science and Technology,2002,(04):620-623
[20]伊勇.Protel DXP电路设计入门与进阶[M].北京,科学出版社,2003,77-162
[21]刘文彦,周学平..现代测试系统[M],北京:国防科技大学出版社,1995,35-121
[22]黄继昌.传感器工作原理及应用实例[M].北京.人民邮电出版社,1998,120-145
[23]何希才.传感器及其应用电路[M].北京.电子工业出版社,2001,144-148
[24]陈忠.微特电机测试技术.[M].上海.上海科学技术出版社,1985,1-35
[25]Jung Il-Ho,Seo Jong-Hwi,Han Hyung-Suk,Park Tae-Won,Kim Joo-Yong.A study on DC motor noise reduction.Advances in Nondestructive Evaluation,2004,(02):1434-1439
[26]Muller希望图书创作室.Visual C++6从入门到精通[M].北京:北京希望电子出版社,1999,20-155
[27]Shigemori Takashi,Sawa Koichiro.Characteristics of flat commutator on DC motor for automotive fuel pump.IEICE Transactions on Electronics,2004,(08):1255-1260
[28]黄贤武.传感器实际应用电路设计[M].西安:电子科技大学出版社,1997,32-54
[29]Sasai Kouji.Automobile electric motors and rheir applications.JEE,Journal of Electronic Engineering,1986,(07):44-46
[30]秦永和.汽车传感器的现状与发展趋势[J].传感器技术,2003,12-14
[31]王益全,张炳义等.电机测试技术[M].北京.科学出版社,2004,3-140
[32]许寥编.电机与电气控制技术[M].北京机械工业出版社,2003,115-140
[33]徐伯雄.电机测量[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1999,45-120
[34]Jan Axelson.Serial Port Complete.Lakeview Research,1999,89-111
[35]Gol O,Ojeah G.E,Blandford S.Computer aided testing of electrical machines.National Conference Publication-Institution of Engineers,1994,(05):269-274
[36]Middleton A.H.The facilities for noise and vibration measurement and simulation.Soc of Environmental Engineers,1984(01):1-E9
[37]刘乐普等.微型计算机接口技术原理及应用[M].武汉;华中理工大学出版社,1996
[38]刘国勇.MAX232/232收发器及其应用[J],国外电子元器件,1997.3,P28-29
[39]刘艳玲.采用MAX232实现MCS-51单片机与PC机通信。《天津理工学院学报》,1999,P57-61
[40 陈佩江,周洪玉.串行通讯在远程通讯系统中的应用[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2002.2,P42-45
[41]贾惠芹、张拥军.用VB通讯控件开发微机与单片机的串行通讯程序[J],现代电子技术,1998.7.P23-26
[42]李军,刘君华.基于AT90S8515的串行通信及应用[J].自动化与仪器仪表,2002.3.P22-25
[43]http://sytvu.ln.cninfo.net/media_file/jyjs/two/2_1_1.HTM
[44]http://www.cnamnic.com.cn/static/alt_market/alt_20060314_106.htm 中国汽车电机网
[45]RS-485总线的理论与实践,www.21ic.com,2002.10
[46]8251A的编程,串行接口C8251A,www.21ic.com
[47]吕德忠,杨鹏,杜太行.计算机控制技术(下)[M].北京,人民邮电出版社,1998.8
[48]李现勇.Visual C++串口通讯技术与工程实践[M].北京,人民邮电出版社,2002, P46-47
[49]Tom D.Tamarkin,Automatic Meter Reading,Public Power.September-October 11092.P550-554
[50]彭为,黄科,雷道仲.单片机典型设计实例精讲[M].北京,电子工业出版社 2006,5
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