二聚酸生产副产物—单体酸深加工研究
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摘要
本文以南方某化工厂二聚酸生产副产物——单体酸为原料,研究开发为生物柴油和铝材轧制油添加剂。
论文采用GC/MS技术剖析了单体酸的组成,结果表明,样品主要含肉豆蔻酸(12.16%)、棕榈酸(8.51%)、十八稀酸(23.37%)以及硬脂酸(32.72%)。理化分析表明,单体酸的碘值为80gI_2/100g、酸值为180mgKOH/g、皂化值为192mgKOH/g、水分为0.05%。
在此基础上,论文研究以单体酸和甲醇为原料,对甲苯磺酸为催化剂制备生物柴油。通过单因素和正交实验,确定最佳工艺条件为醇酸摩尔比3∶1、催化剂浓度6%、反应时间3h、反应温度60℃。制得的生物柴油产品甲酯含量大于98%,其性能指标达到0~#柴油。
最后,以单体酸甲酯、单体酸与单体酸甲酯的复配剂作为铝材轧制油油性添加剂。论文考察了添加剂与矿物基础油的相容性,通过复配,开发出新型铝材轧制油配方:基础油95%～99%、抗氧剂0.08%、油性剂1%～5%。针对轧制油的润滑性、减缩性、抗磨性、退火清洁性、抗氧化性等性能,进行实验室和工业试验。结果表明,新型铝材轧制油的粘度在1.9～2.1mm~2/s之间,表面张力在30.7～31.90mN/m之间,退火污染等级在Ⅱ级以内,油膜强度大于245N,摩擦系数小于0.01,并且轧后产品表面粗糙度小于0.063μm,说明新型铝材轧制油完全能满足铝材轧制工业生产的要求。
Monomer acid as raw material,which was the byproduct of dimer acid from one of chemical plantds in China,was used to produce biodiesel and rolling oil additives.
First,the chemical constituents of fatty acid in monomer acid were determined by GC/MS.Fifteen fatty acids were predominated:myristic acid(12.16%),palmitic acid(8.51%),stearic acid(32.72%),and oleic acid(23.37%).Meantime,the physicochemical properties of monomer acid were researched.The conclusion showed that iodine value was 80gI_2/100g,acid value was 180mgKOH/g,saponification value was 192mgKOH/g,and water was 0.05%.
Second,carrying out monomer acid and methanol as raw materials to study the acid-catalyzed process technology of biodiesel.And, p-toluenesulfonic acid was used to catalyze methyl esterification of monomer acid.At the same time,with the parameter esterification ratio、single factor and orthogonal experiment,the highest conversion was achieved when the mole ratio of methanol to monomer acid was 3:1 with addition of 6%p-toluenesulfonic acid and reacted at 60℃for 3h. Under these conditions,98.25%of methyl esterification product was obtained.Its properties reached to that of 0~# diesel oil.
At last,synthetic ester and momomer acid were tested as oiliness additives.The compatibility between additives and base oil was study. The effects of mixed ratio were base oil 95%～99%、antioxidant 0.08% and oil additives 1%～5%.The rolling oil performance indices were comprehensively evaluated taking the following five performances as the indices:lubrication,shrinkage reducing,tribological propert,annealing property and anti-oxidation.The results showed that viscosities were between 1.9mm~2/s and 2.1mm~2/s,interface tensions were between 30.7mN/m and 31.90mN/m,annealing performances were inside level two,load-carrying capacities were above 245N,friction coefficients were less than 0.01 and aluminum surface roughness were less than 0.063μm. It can fully meet the demand of aluminum rolling industry.
论文采用GC/MS技术剖析了单体酸的组成,结果表明,样品主要含肉豆蔻酸(12.16%)、棕榈酸(8.51%)、十八稀酸(23.37%)以及硬脂酸(32.72%)。理化分析表明,单体酸的碘值为80gI_2/100g、酸值为180mgKOH/g、皂化值为192mgKOH/g、水分为0.05%。
在此基础上,论文研究以单体酸和甲醇为原料,对甲苯磺酸为催化剂制备生物柴油。通过单因素和正交实验,确定最佳工艺条件为醇酸摩尔比3∶1、催化剂浓度6%、反应时间3h、反应温度60℃。制得的生物柴油产品甲酯含量大于98%,其性能指标达到0~#柴油。
最后,以单体酸甲酯、单体酸与单体酸甲酯的复配剂作为铝材轧制油油性添加剂。论文考察了添加剂与矿物基础油的相容性,通过复配,开发出新型铝材轧制油配方:基础油95%～99%、抗氧剂0.08%、油性剂1%～5%。针对轧制油的润滑性、减缩性、抗磨性、退火清洁性、抗氧化性等性能,进行实验室和工业试验。结果表明,新型铝材轧制油的粘度在1.9～2.1mm~2/s之间,表面张力在30.7～31.90mN/m之间,退火污染等级在Ⅱ级以内,油膜强度大于245N,摩擦系数小于0.01,并且轧后产品表面粗糙度小于0.063μm,说明新型铝材轧制油完全能满足铝材轧制工业生产的要求。
Monomer acid as raw material,which was the byproduct of dimer acid from one of chemical plantds in China,was used to produce biodiesel and rolling oil additives.
First,the chemical constituents of fatty acid in monomer acid were determined by GC/MS.Fifteen fatty acids were predominated:myristic acid(12.16%),palmitic acid(8.51%),stearic acid(32.72%),and oleic acid(23.37%).Meantime,the physicochemical properties of monomer acid were researched.The conclusion showed that iodine value was 80gI_2/100g,acid value was 180mgKOH/g,saponification value was 192mgKOH/g,and water was 0.05%.
Second,carrying out monomer acid and methanol as raw materials to study the acid-catalyzed process technology of biodiesel.And, p-toluenesulfonic acid was used to catalyze methyl esterification of monomer acid.At the same time,with the parameter esterification ratio、single factor and orthogonal experiment,the highest conversion was achieved when the mole ratio of methanol to monomer acid was 3:1 with addition of 6%p-toluenesulfonic acid and reacted at 60℃for 3h. Under these conditions,98.25%of methyl esterification product was obtained.Its properties reached to that of 0~# diesel oil.
At last,synthetic ester and momomer acid were tested as oiliness additives.The compatibility between additives and base oil was study. The effects of mixed ratio were base oil 95%～99%、antioxidant 0.08% and oil additives 1%～5%.The rolling oil performance indices were comprehensively evaluated taking the following five performances as the indices:lubrication,shrinkage reducing,tribological propert,annealing property and anti-oxidation.The results showed that viscosities were between 1.9mm~2/s and 2.1mm~2/s,interface tensions were between 30.7mN/m and 31.90mN/m,annealing performances were inside level two,load-carrying capacities were above 245N,friction coefficients were less than 0.01 and aluminum surface roughness were less than 0.063μm. It can fully meet the demand of aluminum rolling industry.
引文
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