基于被测介质电导特性的冰水情传感器及系统的研究
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摘要
进入21世纪以来,社会经济高速发展,城市化进程不断加速,人民的生活水平也在显著提高,工业、生活等各方面对水的需求量越来越大。然而,在一些水资源匮乏的地区,水资源成为制约社会发展和人民生活水平提高的重要因素。因此,跨流域引水工程作为调节水资源分布不均、实现水资源合理配置的重要调控手段,在工业生产、人民生活和社会的可持续发展方面发挥着无可替代的作用。长距离引水工程是一项复杂的系统工程,而且在一些特殊的工程中会存在安全运行问题和预警问题。
本文主要针对引水工程中存在的一些科学难题和工程技术难点,研究在恶劣环境下进行冰水位信号的自动采集的新理论和新方法,以解决北方冬季水道明渠在结冰的恶劣环境下,冰水位信号采集难题。研究开发适合我国北方冬季条件下,具有冰水情数据自动采集、处理、存储和实时监测为一体的技术方案和新型的冰水位传感器采集设备。主要研究内容为：
(1)基于水与冰的物理和化学特性差异,分析其在不同的温度条件下电导率变化的规律,提出了基于被测介质的等效电阻-温度梯度特性差异的冰水情检测技术方案。
(2)实验室条件下,仿真验证基于被测介质的等效电阻-温度梯度特性的冰水情检测技术的可行性,为进一步研制应用于工程的冰水情检测传感器提供了理论支持和实现途径。
(3)现场条件下,应用设计了基于被测介质的等效电阻-温度梯度特性的冰水情传感器,设计、研制了整套数据处理系统,用于数据的现场调试。
(4)对实验室仿真数据和现场采集数据进行分析、验证,设计了“最小二乘法变点冰水情数据处理算法”,以解决工程测量中的奇异点判别误差问题。
(5)在太原理工大学测控技术研究所马福昌教授的感应式数字水位传感器的基础上,做了保温结构的设计和改进,设计了一套防冰冻传感器系统,解决了全冰冻条件下无压全水位的检测难题,为实现冰水情检测技术提供了一些新思路和新方法。
本文涉及到的基于感应式数字水位传感器防冰冻水位检测技术的应用研究已经取得了了一些初步成果,获得了相应专利。研制成功的基于被测介质的等效电阻-温度梯度特性的冰水情传感器及数据采集系统,也已经应用于国家的第21次南极科学考察项目研究中。但是我们的理论研究和技术实现仍然存在问题需要解决,需要对更广阔的科学技术领域和更深层次的科学问题进行探索研究。真诚地希望能够得到同行专家学者们的指导和帮助,为中国的现代水利建设做出更大的贡献。
In the21st century, social and economic is rapidly developing, and the process of urbanization is constantly accelerating, people'living standards are improved significantly. The demand of water is growing on the industrial, domestic and other aspects. However, in some areas of water scarcity, the development of social and the improvement of people's living standards are seriously restricted by water resources. Therefore, as a control means of rationally allocating water resources, inter-basin diversion project plays an irreplaceable role in industrial production, people'lives and social sustainable development. Long-distance diversion project is a complicated systematic project, and there will be security operation issuses and early warning issuses in some special projects.
This paper studies some new theories and new methods on automatic collection of ice water level signal in harsh environment, aiming at solving the existing scientific questions and difficult engineering Problems in the Diversion Project. The research results can be used to solve the ice water level signal acquisition problem in the harsh environment of the waterways open channel icing in the winter. This paper researches and explores new technical solutions and new ice water level sensor and collection system device with automatic data acquisition, processing, storage, and real-time monitoring as one to suit the condition of the northern winter. The main achievements of this paper are as follows.
1) In view of the water and ice differences in physical and chemical properties, this paper proposed the ice water detection scheme based on the equivalent resistance-temperature gradient characteristic differences of the measured medium.
2) The simulation experiment have be done to verify the feasibility of the ice water detection scheme based on the equivalent resistance-temperature gradient characteristic differences of the measured medium, provide theoretical support and implementation way for further developing the engineering applications of ice water detection.
3) Under field conditions we had tested the ice water detection sensor we designed based on the equivalent resistance-temperature gradient characteristic differences of the measured medium, and designed, developed a set of data processing system for data field debugging.
4) We analyzed and verified laboratory simulation data and field data, designed the "least squares point of ice water situation data processing algorithm", to solve judgment error problem of singularity in engineering measurement.
5) On the basis of the inductive digital level sensor designed by Professor MaFuchang of Taiyuan University of Technology, Institute of Measurement and Control Technology, we made some improvement on heat preservation structure, and designed a set of anti-freeze sensor system for solving the water level detection problem without full water pressure in the freezing condition, which also provided some new ideas and new methods for achieving water level detection technology in winter.
The anti-freezing water level detection technology based on the inductive digital level sensor has achieved some initial success related to the paper, and obtained the corresponding patents. And the ice water detection sensor based on the equivalent resistance-temperature gradient characteristic differences of the measured medium and the data processing system have also been applied to the country's first21research projects in Antarctica. But our theoretical research and technology still have problems to be solved, and we also need to explore and research to a wider science and technology fields and deeper scientific issues. We also hope to be able to get much guidance and help from peer expert and scholars, make contribute to china's contemporary conservancy construction.
本文主要针对引水工程中存在的一些科学难题和工程技术难点,研究在恶劣环境下进行冰水位信号的自动采集的新理论和新方法,以解决北方冬季水道明渠在结冰的恶劣环境下,冰水位信号采集难题。研究开发适合我国北方冬季条件下,具有冰水情数据自动采集、处理、存储和实时监测为一体的技术方案和新型的冰水位传感器采集设备。主要研究内容为：
(1)基于水与冰的物理和化学特性差异,分析其在不同的温度条件下电导率变化的规律,提出了基于被测介质的等效电阻-温度梯度特性差异的冰水情检测技术方案。
(2)实验室条件下,仿真验证基于被测介质的等效电阻-温度梯度特性的冰水情检测技术的可行性,为进一步研制应用于工程的冰水情检测传感器提供了理论支持和实现途径。
(3)现场条件下,应用设计了基于被测介质的等效电阻-温度梯度特性的冰水情传感器,设计、研制了整套数据处理系统,用于数据的现场调试。
(4)对实验室仿真数据和现场采集数据进行分析、验证,设计了“最小二乘法变点冰水情数据处理算法”,以解决工程测量中的奇异点判别误差问题。
(5)在太原理工大学测控技术研究所马福昌教授的感应式数字水位传感器的基础上,做了保温结构的设计和改进,设计了一套防冰冻传感器系统,解决了全冰冻条件下无压全水位的检测难题,为实现冰水情检测技术提供了一些新思路和新方法。
本文涉及到的基于感应式数字水位传感器防冰冻水位检测技术的应用研究已经取得了了一些初步成果,获得了相应专利。研制成功的基于被测介质的等效电阻-温度梯度特性的冰水情传感器及数据采集系统,也已经应用于国家的第21次南极科学考察项目研究中。但是我们的理论研究和技术实现仍然存在问题需要解决,需要对更广阔的科学技术领域和更深层次的科学问题进行探索研究。真诚地希望能够得到同行专家学者们的指导和帮助,为中国的现代水利建设做出更大的贡献。
In the21st century, social and economic is rapidly developing, and the process of urbanization is constantly accelerating, people'living standards are improved significantly. The demand of water is growing on the industrial, domestic and other aspects. However, in some areas of water scarcity, the development of social and the improvement of people's living standards are seriously restricted by water resources. Therefore, as a control means of rationally allocating water resources, inter-basin diversion project plays an irreplaceable role in industrial production, people'lives and social sustainable development. Long-distance diversion project is a complicated systematic project, and there will be security operation issuses and early warning issuses in some special projects.
This paper studies some new theories and new methods on automatic collection of ice water level signal in harsh environment, aiming at solving the existing scientific questions and difficult engineering Problems in the Diversion Project. The research results can be used to solve the ice water level signal acquisition problem in the harsh environment of the waterways open channel icing in the winter. This paper researches and explores new technical solutions and new ice water level sensor and collection system device with automatic data acquisition, processing, storage, and real-time monitoring as one to suit the condition of the northern winter. The main achievements of this paper are as follows.
1) In view of the water and ice differences in physical and chemical properties, this paper proposed the ice water detection scheme based on the equivalent resistance-temperature gradient characteristic differences of the measured medium.
2) The simulation experiment have be done to verify the feasibility of the ice water detection scheme based on the equivalent resistance-temperature gradient characteristic differences of the measured medium, provide theoretical support and implementation way for further developing the engineering applications of ice water detection.
3) Under field conditions we had tested the ice water detection sensor we designed based on the equivalent resistance-temperature gradient characteristic differences of the measured medium, and designed, developed a set of data processing system for data field debugging.
4) We analyzed and verified laboratory simulation data and field data, designed the "least squares point of ice water situation data processing algorithm", to solve judgment error problem of singularity in engineering measurement.
5) On the basis of the inductive digital level sensor designed by Professor MaFuchang of Taiyuan University of Technology, Institute of Measurement and Control Technology, we made some improvement on heat preservation structure, and designed a set of anti-freeze sensor system for solving the water level detection problem without full water pressure in the freezing condition, which also provided some new ideas and new methods for achieving water level detection technology in winter.
The anti-freezing water level detection technology based on the inductive digital level sensor has achieved some initial success related to the paper, and obtained the corresponding patents. And the ice water detection sensor based on the equivalent resistance-temperature gradient characteristic differences of the measured medium and the data processing system have also been applied to the country's first21research projects in Antarctica. But our theoretical research and technology still have problems to be solved, and we also need to explore and research to a wider science and technology fields and deeper scientific issues. We also hope to be able to get much guidance and help from peer expert and scholars, make contribute to china's contemporary conservancy construction.
引文
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