森林旅游投资建设战略理论研究
|
摘要
森林中清新的空气、清洁的水体、高浓度的空气负离子、植物精气含量高的树种配置、舒适的小气候、空气细菌含量少、没有噪音污染、放射性辐射水平合适等优良的森林生态环境以及森林旅游本身具有资源保护与开发效益同向发展、良性互动、带动功能强、就业容量大的独特优势,有着巨大的发展潜力和广阔的发展前景。随着社会经济的发展和居民生活水平的提高,参与森林旅游活动,回归自然、欣赏自然已成为现代生活方式的一个重要特征。近年来,随着作为森林旅游发展基础的森林旅游景区的不断开发,促进了森林旅游业的进一步发展。然而,不少森林旅游景区在进行投资建设实践中有悖于森林旅游生态环境保护初衷的现象时有发生,粗放性和盲目地森林旅游投资导致景区生态环境严重破坏。因此,如何寻求森林旅游投资建设达到生态效益、社会效益、经济效益的三者统一,是森林旅游投资建设必须面对的问题,也是森林旅游投资领域长期以来没有得到很好解决的难点问题。基于这一现实,本研究选择了森林旅游投资建设战略理论作为研究对象,并以江西省为例进行实证研究,以此为突破口解决森林旅游投资建设面临的热点难点问题。
本研究从宏观理论与微观实践的中间层面对森林旅游投资建设要素、建设项目对环境社会经济影响的战略分析、投资建设的战略目标与重点、投资的战略主体、投资建设的战略选择和战略管理等理论进行了系统研究,针对中国森林旅游投资建设现状,力求研究出一套切实可行的战略方案。整个研究以森林旅游生态环境等资源保护为主线,围绕森林旅游投资建设战略理论六大要素需要解决的主要问题,应用理论研究与实证研究相结合、定性分析与定量分析相结合、经验判断与数学分析相结合、比较分析与案例分析相结合、文献调查与实地调查相结合、传统研究与现代科技相结合的方法,经过典型调查、问卷调查、案例分析、技术咨询、国内外文献资料收集整理、现行政策性法规收集整理、现代遥感技术的分析应用,从以下几方面进行了森林旅游投资建设理论研究,并以江西省为例对这些理论的合理性进行了实证研究。
(1)森林旅游投资建设战略环境分析研究。为增加战略制定的适应性、可靠性,探讨战略制定的依据,本研究全面地综述了国内外森林旅游研究成果,在此基础上提出了森林旅游是一种生态保护方法的全新观点。同时综述了国内外有关投资建设和战略管理的研究成果,并从中国森林旅游投资建设现状分析入手,依据生态学和森林旅游学理论,提出了森林旅游景区功能分区原则。同时深入地分析了森林旅游景区建设项目对环境、社会和经济的影响,构建了森林旅游利益相关者战略三角模型,建立了森林旅游建设项目环境影响、社会影响和经济影响评价方法,从而为战略制定提供基础平台。
(2)森林旅游投资建设战略目标研究。战略目标是为森林旅游投资建设规划一个发展愿景,据此本研究提出了森林旅游投资建设战略的指导思想、基本原则和发展目标。
(3)森林旅游投资建设战略重点研究。战略重点是指那些事关战略目标能否实现的重要而又薄弱的项目和部门。本研究依据森林旅游本质要求,首次提出了森林旅游环境投资建设、森林旅游产业投资建设、森林旅游文明投资建设和森林旅游政治投资建设四大投资重点领域,从而逐步实现森林旅游投资建设的宏观目标。
(4)森林旅游投资战略主体研究。主体问题是中国投资体制改革的核心问题。本研究依据中国投资体制改革方向,提出了基于中国国情的森林旅游投资战略主体为在政府主导下,以社会投资主体为主,政府仅从事部分基础设施等公益项目投资。同时提出了投资主体之间存在良性互动、消极互动和相互竞争三层：互动关系,制定森林旅游投资战略必须要充分调动投资主体的积极性,以实现投资主体之间的良性互动和公平竞争。
(5)森林旅游投资建设战略选择理论研究。战略制定过程实质上是战略选择过程,战略选择是投资建设方案不断优化的过程。本研究按照森林旅游投资建设空间大小的顺序,一是从区域的角度,借鉴生态学、森林旅游学和产业经济学原理,建立了森林旅游投资建设重点投资区域选择理论。该理论通过建立6项一级指标和9项二级指标构成的指标体系与模型,采用层次分析法,分两个维度和三个步骤进行,对许多不同的森林旅游投资区域进行选择,把那些定性分析和定量分析都比较符合要求的区域确定为地方森林旅游重点投资区域进行扶持、培育；二是从项目的角度,运用生态经济学原理,在国内首次提出了建立森林旅游重点投资项目储备库的方法,同时开发了重点投资项目评估系统,并运用主成分分析法建立了由9项一级指标和34项二级指标构成的指标体系及储备库评价模型,根据评价的结果,作为重点项目选择的一个重要指标,从而提高投资项目前期工作质量；三是从产品的角度,运用生态旅游规划学原理,在森林旅游规划总体布局的基础上进行产品设计,建立了森林旅游产品规划选择理论。该理论根据森林旅游产品的内在性质与外在要求,通过建立由4个因素层和10因子层构成的森林旅游产品规划的量化因素指标,采用因素评价法进行各因素指标的权重分析,最终按照综合评价分值建立定量化的森林旅游产品规划模型,据此对景区的森林旅游产品进行判断选择,从而确定森林旅游产品的开发顺序。
(6)森林旅游投资建设战略管理理论研究。为使制定的战略决策得到切实落实,本研究针对当前森林旅游投资建设的现状及存在的主要问题,按照投资建设项目不同阶段要求和森林旅游的特点,提出了一系列可操作的科学管理策略。一是设立森林旅游项目前期工作基金、规范森林旅游项目入出库工作程序、确：立政府对森林旅游投资建设的主导地位和形成积极有效的社区参与机制四种针对性很强的提高投资项目运作水平的管理措施；二是制定了一套森林旅游资源开发建设绩效考核指标体系,建立了绩效考核评价模型,据此作为考核相关部门森林旅游投资建设绩效的评价依据,为定性管理过渡到定量管理提供了理论依据。
(7)江西森林旅游投资建设战略实证研究。本研究以江西省为例,全面地分析了江西森林旅游地理环境、人文环境和森林旅游资源,对其森林旅游投资现状和发展前景进行了深入探讨,构建了江西森林旅游投资建设战略框架。依据重点投资区域选择理论,确立了11个江西森林旅游投资建设重点投资区域排序及其范围；依据重点投资项目选择理论,以江西武夷山国家级自然保护区森林游憩保健中心5个项目为研究对象,进行了重点投资项目选择；依据产品规划选择理论,以江西庐山山南国家公园秀峰景区森林疗养所等12个旅游产品为研究对象,进行了旅游产品规划选择研究,从而为未来江西森林旅游投资建设勾画了一幅蓝图。
以上研究结果和结论为森林旅游投资建设研究提供了一个新的视角,同时丰富了森林旅游学的研究内容,因而具有重要的理论意义。同时,本研究成果将为森林旅游景区生态资源保护和投资建设管理决策提供科学依据,对指导中国森：林旅游景区投资建设管理及生态资源保护工作具有重要的现实意义。
With fresh air, clean water, high-density of air negative ions, high-concentration of phytoncidere, comfortable microclimate, little bacteria in the air, no noise pollution, suitable amount of radiation and all the other components of a nice forest ecosystem, forest tourism not only features the advantage of protecting resources and exploiting benefits simultaneously, but also have the advantages of positive interaction, strong influence and huge employment capacity. So forest tourism has great potential and broad prospects for development. With the development of social economy and the rising of people's living standard, it has become an important feature of modern lifestyle for people to participate in forest tourism activities and to go back to the nature and enjoy the nature. In recent years, as the foundation of it, the gradual development of Forest Scenic Spots also accelerated the step of forest tourism. However, in the investment practice, some Forest Scenic Spots went astray their initial aim of protecting their environment and seriously destroyed their eco-environment because of roughness and aimless in their forest tourism investment. So, how to reach the unification of the ecological, social and economic benefits of forest tourism investment is really a big problem we have to face and is also a difficult problem that hasn't been solved for a long time in the forest tourism investment area. Based on this fact, the following study takes Forest Tourism Investment Strategic Theory as its object, and takes Jiangxi province as a study case, seeking to solve the hot and difficult problem facing forest tourism investment.
Through the intermediate level of macroscopic theory and microcosmic practice, the following study not only conducts a systematic research on the elements of forest tourism investment, the strategic analysis of the environmental and socio-economic impact of forest tourism investment projects, the strategic goal and focus, the strategic subject, the strategic options and management of Forest Tourism Investment Strategic Theory, but also strive to work out a viable strategic program based on the status quo of forest tourism investment in China. The whole research takes resource protection, namely the forest tourism ecological environment protection, as the main line, focuses on the main problem in the six elements of Forest Tourism Investment Strategic Theory, applies the way of combining theoretical research and empirical research, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, experience judgment and mathematical analysis, comparative analysis and case analysis, literature survey and field investigation, the traditional research method and modern technology together. After a typical survey, a questionnaire, a case study, some technical advice, some literature data collected at home and abroad, the collection of the existing policies and regulations and the analytical application of modern remote sensing technology, we conducted the following research on Forest Tourism Investment Strategic Theory and took Jiangxi as a study case to check the rationality of these theories:
(1) Study on the strategic analysis of forest tourism investment. To enhance the adaptability and reliability of strategy-making and to discuss the basis of it, we summarized the research results in forest tourism at home and abroad and then put forward a brand-new view---forest tourism is a way of protecting our ecology. Meanwhile, we also studied domestic and foreign research results in investment construction and strategy management and analyzed the status quo of forest tourism investment in China, and then proposed a principle to define the forest tourism node functions based on the Ecology and Forest Tourism Theory. At the same time, we profoundly analyzed the impact forest tourism scenery construction projects have on the environment, the society and the economy, and then we constructed a strategic triangle model among the forest tourism stakeholders and worked out an assessment method to assess the environmental, social and economic impact that forest tourism projects have, so as to provide a basic platform for strategy-making.
(2) Study on the strategic goal of forest tourism investment. The strategic goal is to provide a development vision for forest tourism investment. This study proposed a guiding ideology, basic principles and development goals for forest tourism investment strategy.
(3) Study on the strategic focus of forest tourism investment. Strategic focus refers to those weak projects and departments related to the achievement of the strategic objectives. Followed the essential requirements of forest tourism, this study initiated four key investment areas, namely, the investment in forest tourism environment, forest tourism industry, forest tourism civilization and forest tourism politics, thereby the macroeconomic objectives of forest tourism investment can be gradually achieved.
(4) Study on the strategic subject of forest tourism investment. Subject issue is the core issue in the reform of China's investment system. Following the direction of China's investment system reform, this study put forward the following strategic subjects of forest tourism investment suitable to the Chinese national situation:under the guidance of the government, take the social investment as the main investment channel and the government should only engage in some community projects investment such as the infrastructure investment projects. This study also pointed out the positive interaction, negative interaction and competition among these investors, and the necessity of fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of these investors in the process of making forest tourism investment strategy in order to achieve the positive interaction and fair competition among these investors.
(5) Study on the strategic choice and strategic theory of forest tourism investment. The process of making strategy is the process of choosing an appropriate strategy, and the strategic choice is a process of constantly optimizing the investment projects. According to the spatial order of forest tourism investment, this study established a Key Investment Region Choice Theory of forest tourism investment from a regional point of view and from the principles of Ecology, Forest Tourism and Industrial Economics. By establishing a set of indicator system which includes six first-level indicators and nine secondary indicators and building an assessment model, this theory singled out many forest tourism investment regions by using the analytic hierarchy process. All these were done in two dimensions and three steps. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, those regions that can meet the requirements are called key forest tourism investment regions and can be supported and cultivated by the government. Secondly, starting from the project point of view and using the Ecological Economics theory, this study also initiated a method of establishing a forest tourism key investment projects reserve depot and developed an assessment system to evaluate those key investment projects. Through the method of principal components analysis, the study created an index system of nine first-level indicators and 34 secondary indicators and established a reserve depot assessment model, the result that based on the model can be taken as an important indicator to choose the key project so that the quality of pre-investment projects can be improved. Thirdly, considering from the perspective of products and using the principles of Eco-tourism Planning, this study created a Forest Tourism Product Planning Choice Theory based on the general layout of forest tourism planning. According to the intrinsic nature and external demand of forest tourism products and by establishing a quantitative-factor indicator system with four factor-layers and ten secondary-factor-layers in forest tourism product planning, this theory analyzed the importance of each factor by using factor-assessment method and finally established a quantitative forest tourism products planning model according to the comprehensive assessment score. And we can judge and choose the suitable forest tourism products and then determine the development order of these products.
(6) Study on the strategic management theory of forest tourism investment. To effectively implement the strategic policy, this study put forward a series of operational and scientific management strategies in accordance with the current situation and the existing problems of forest tourism investment and with the various requirements investment projects need under different stages of construction as well as the characteristics of forest tourism. These management strategies include:first of all, the four highly-targeted management measures to improve the operation of investment projects, namely, setting up a preliminary work fund for forest tourism projects, regulating forest tourism projects work procedures, establishing the leading role of government in forest tourism investment and forming an active and effective mechanisms for community participation. Secondly, this study established a set of forest tourism resources development and construction performance assessment indicator system and built a performance assessment model, which serves as the assessment basis to assess the forest tourism investment performance of the related departments. And this provides a theoretical basis for the transition from qualitative management to quantitative management.
(7) An empirical study on the forest tourism investment strategy in Jiangxi Province. In the case of Jiangxi, a comprehensive analysis of the geographic environment, human environment and forest tourism resources is launched, the status quo and development prospects of forest tourism investment are probed in depth and a strategic framework for forest tourism investment is built. Based on the Key Investment Region Choice Theory of forest tourism investment, we delimit the order and scope of 11 key investment regions in Jiangxi; based on the Forest Tourism Key Investment Projects Choice Theory, we made a key investment projects choice, using the five research projects, such as the forest health center in Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, as the research object; based on the Forest Tourism Product Planning Choice Theory, we singled out some tourism products, using the Xiufeng scenic spot forest nursing homes in Shannan national park of Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi and other 12 tourism products as the research object, and sketched the blueprint for the forest tourism investment in Jiangxi accordingly.
The above results and conclusions of this study offered a new perspective for forest tourism investment research and enriched the content of research on Forest Tourism, so it has important theoretical significance. Meanwhile, the results of this study will provide a scientific basis for the protection of ecological resources in forest tourism scenic spots and for the decision of forest tourism investment management, so it is of great realistic significance in guiding the management of forest tourism scenic spots investment and the protection of ecological resources.
本研究从宏观理论与微观实践的中间层面对森林旅游投资建设要素、建设项目对环境社会经济影响的战略分析、投资建设的战略目标与重点、投资的战略主体、投资建设的战略选择和战略管理等理论进行了系统研究,针对中国森林旅游投资建设现状,力求研究出一套切实可行的战略方案。整个研究以森林旅游生态环境等资源保护为主线,围绕森林旅游投资建设战略理论六大要素需要解决的主要问题,应用理论研究与实证研究相结合、定性分析与定量分析相结合、经验判断与数学分析相结合、比较分析与案例分析相结合、文献调查与实地调查相结合、传统研究与现代科技相结合的方法,经过典型调查、问卷调查、案例分析、技术咨询、国内外文献资料收集整理、现行政策性法规收集整理、现代遥感技术的分析应用,从以下几方面进行了森林旅游投资建设理论研究,并以江西省为例对这些理论的合理性进行了实证研究。
(1)森林旅游投资建设战略环境分析研究。为增加战略制定的适应性、可靠性,探讨战略制定的依据,本研究全面地综述了国内外森林旅游研究成果,在此基础上提出了森林旅游是一种生态保护方法的全新观点。同时综述了国内外有关投资建设和战略管理的研究成果,并从中国森林旅游投资建设现状分析入手,依据生态学和森林旅游学理论,提出了森林旅游景区功能分区原则。同时深入地分析了森林旅游景区建设项目对环境、社会和经济的影响,构建了森林旅游利益相关者战略三角模型,建立了森林旅游建设项目环境影响、社会影响和经济影响评价方法,从而为战略制定提供基础平台。
(2)森林旅游投资建设战略目标研究。战略目标是为森林旅游投资建设规划一个发展愿景,据此本研究提出了森林旅游投资建设战略的指导思想、基本原则和发展目标。
(3)森林旅游投资建设战略重点研究。战略重点是指那些事关战略目标能否实现的重要而又薄弱的项目和部门。本研究依据森林旅游本质要求,首次提出了森林旅游环境投资建设、森林旅游产业投资建设、森林旅游文明投资建设和森林旅游政治投资建设四大投资重点领域,从而逐步实现森林旅游投资建设的宏观目标。
(4)森林旅游投资战略主体研究。主体问题是中国投资体制改革的核心问题。本研究依据中国投资体制改革方向,提出了基于中国国情的森林旅游投资战略主体为在政府主导下,以社会投资主体为主,政府仅从事部分基础设施等公益项目投资。同时提出了投资主体之间存在良性互动、消极互动和相互竞争三层：互动关系,制定森林旅游投资战略必须要充分调动投资主体的积极性,以实现投资主体之间的良性互动和公平竞争。
(5)森林旅游投资建设战略选择理论研究。战略制定过程实质上是战略选择过程,战略选择是投资建设方案不断优化的过程。本研究按照森林旅游投资建设空间大小的顺序,一是从区域的角度,借鉴生态学、森林旅游学和产业经济学原理,建立了森林旅游投资建设重点投资区域选择理论。该理论通过建立6项一级指标和9项二级指标构成的指标体系与模型,采用层次分析法,分两个维度和三个步骤进行,对许多不同的森林旅游投资区域进行选择,把那些定性分析和定量分析都比较符合要求的区域确定为地方森林旅游重点投资区域进行扶持、培育；二是从项目的角度,运用生态经济学原理,在国内首次提出了建立森林旅游重点投资项目储备库的方法,同时开发了重点投资项目评估系统,并运用主成分分析法建立了由9项一级指标和34项二级指标构成的指标体系及储备库评价模型,根据评价的结果,作为重点项目选择的一个重要指标,从而提高投资项目前期工作质量；三是从产品的角度,运用生态旅游规划学原理,在森林旅游规划总体布局的基础上进行产品设计,建立了森林旅游产品规划选择理论。该理论根据森林旅游产品的内在性质与外在要求,通过建立由4个因素层和10因子层构成的森林旅游产品规划的量化因素指标,采用因素评价法进行各因素指标的权重分析,最终按照综合评价分值建立定量化的森林旅游产品规划模型,据此对景区的森林旅游产品进行判断选择,从而确定森林旅游产品的开发顺序。
(6)森林旅游投资建设战略管理理论研究。为使制定的战略决策得到切实落实,本研究针对当前森林旅游投资建设的现状及存在的主要问题,按照投资建设项目不同阶段要求和森林旅游的特点,提出了一系列可操作的科学管理策略。一是设立森林旅游项目前期工作基金、规范森林旅游项目入出库工作程序、确：立政府对森林旅游投资建设的主导地位和形成积极有效的社区参与机制四种针对性很强的提高投资项目运作水平的管理措施；二是制定了一套森林旅游资源开发建设绩效考核指标体系,建立了绩效考核评价模型,据此作为考核相关部门森林旅游投资建设绩效的评价依据,为定性管理过渡到定量管理提供了理论依据。
(7)江西森林旅游投资建设战略实证研究。本研究以江西省为例,全面地分析了江西森林旅游地理环境、人文环境和森林旅游资源,对其森林旅游投资现状和发展前景进行了深入探讨,构建了江西森林旅游投资建设战略框架。依据重点投资区域选择理论,确立了11个江西森林旅游投资建设重点投资区域排序及其范围；依据重点投资项目选择理论,以江西武夷山国家级自然保护区森林游憩保健中心5个项目为研究对象,进行了重点投资项目选择；依据产品规划选择理论,以江西庐山山南国家公园秀峰景区森林疗养所等12个旅游产品为研究对象,进行了旅游产品规划选择研究,从而为未来江西森林旅游投资建设勾画了一幅蓝图。
以上研究结果和结论为森林旅游投资建设研究提供了一个新的视角,同时丰富了森林旅游学的研究内容,因而具有重要的理论意义。同时,本研究成果将为森林旅游景区生态资源保护和投资建设管理决策提供科学依据,对指导中国森：林旅游景区投资建设管理及生态资源保护工作具有重要的现实意义。
With fresh air, clean water, high-density of air negative ions, high-concentration of phytoncidere, comfortable microclimate, little bacteria in the air, no noise pollution, suitable amount of radiation and all the other components of a nice forest ecosystem, forest tourism not only features the advantage of protecting resources and exploiting benefits simultaneously, but also have the advantages of positive interaction, strong influence and huge employment capacity. So forest tourism has great potential and broad prospects for development. With the development of social economy and the rising of people's living standard, it has become an important feature of modern lifestyle for people to participate in forest tourism activities and to go back to the nature and enjoy the nature. In recent years, as the foundation of it, the gradual development of Forest Scenic Spots also accelerated the step of forest tourism. However, in the investment practice, some Forest Scenic Spots went astray their initial aim of protecting their environment and seriously destroyed their eco-environment because of roughness and aimless in their forest tourism investment. So, how to reach the unification of the ecological, social and economic benefits of forest tourism investment is really a big problem we have to face and is also a difficult problem that hasn't been solved for a long time in the forest tourism investment area. Based on this fact, the following study takes Forest Tourism Investment Strategic Theory as its object, and takes Jiangxi province as a study case, seeking to solve the hot and difficult problem facing forest tourism investment.
Through the intermediate level of macroscopic theory and microcosmic practice, the following study not only conducts a systematic research on the elements of forest tourism investment, the strategic analysis of the environmental and socio-economic impact of forest tourism investment projects, the strategic goal and focus, the strategic subject, the strategic options and management of Forest Tourism Investment Strategic Theory, but also strive to work out a viable strategic program based on the status quo of forest tourism investment in China. The whole research takes resource protection, namely the forest tourism ecological environment protection, as the main line, focuses on the main problem in the six elements of Forest Tourism Investment Strategic Theory, applies the way of combining theoretical research and empirical research, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, experience judgment and mathematical analysis, comparative analysis and case analysis, literature survey and field investigation, the traditional research method and modern technology together. After a typical survey, a questionnaire, a case study, some technical advice, some literature data collected at home and abroad, the collection of the existing policies and regulations and the analytical application of modern remote sensing technology, we conducted the following research on Forest Tourism Investment Strategic Theory and took Jiangxi as a study case to check the rationality of these theories:
(1) Study on the strategic analysis of forest tourism investment. To enhance the adaptability and reliability of strategy-making and to discuss the basis of it, we summarized the research results in forest tourism at home and abroad and then put forward a brand-new view---forest tourism is a way of protecting our ecology. Meanwhile, we also studied domestic and foreign research results in investment construction and strategy management and analyzed the status quo of forest tourism investment in China, and then proposed a principle to define the forest tourism node functions based on the Ecology and Forest Tourism Theory. At the same time, we profoundly analyzed the impact forest tourism scenery construction projects have on the environment, the society and the economy, and then we constructed a strategic triangle model among the forest tourism stakeholders and worked out an assessment method to assess the environmental, social and economic impact that forest tourism projects have, so as to provide a basic platform for strategy-making.
(2) Study on the strategic goal of forest tourism investment. The strategic goal is to provide a development vision for forest tourism investment. This study proposed a guiding ideology, basic principles and development goals for forest tourism investment strategy.
(3) Study on the strategic focus of forest tourism investment. Strategic focus refers to those weak projects and departments related to the achievement of the strategic objectives. Followed the essential requirements of forest tourism, this study initiated four key investment areas, namely, the investment in forest tourism environment, forest tourism industry, forest tourism civilization and forest tourism politics, thereby the macroeconomic objectives of forest tourism investment can be gradually achieved.
(4) Study on the strategic subject of forest tourism investment. Subject issue is the core issue in the reform of China's investment system. Following the direction of China's investment system reform, this study put forward the following strategic subjects of forest tourism investment suitable to the Chinese national situation:under the guidance of the government, take the social investment as the main investment channel and the government should only engage in some community projects investment such as the infrastructure investment projects. This study also pointed out the positive interaction, negative interaction and competition among these investors, and the necessity of fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of these investors in the process of making forest tourism investment strategy in order to achieve the positive interaction and fair competition among these investors.
(5) Study on the strategic choice and strategic theory of forest tourism investment. The process of making strategy is the process of choosing an appropriate strategy, and the strategic choice is a process of constantly optimizing the investment projects. According to the spatial order of forest tourism investment, this study established a Key Investment Region Choice Theory of forest tourism investment from a regional point of view and from the principles of Ecology, Forest Tourism and Industrial Economics. By establishing a set of indicator system which includes six first-level indicators and nine secondary indicators and building an assessment model, this theory singled out many forest tourism investment regions by using the analytic hierarchy process. All these were done in two dimensions and three steps. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, those regions that can meet the requirements are called key forest tourism investment regions and can be supported and cultivated by the government. Secondly, starting from the project point of view and using the Ecological Economics theory, this study also initiated a method of establishing a forest tourism key investment projects reserve depot and developed an assessment system to evaluate those key investment projects. Through the method of principal components analysis, the study created an index system of nine first-level indicators and 34 secondary indicators and established a reserve depot assessment model, the result that based on the model can be taken as an important indicator to choose the key project so that the quality of pre-investment projects can be improved. Thirdly, considering from the perspective of products and using the principles of Eco-tourism Planning, this study created a Forest Tourism Product Planning Choice Theory based on the general layout of forest tourism planning. According to the intrinsic nature and external demand of forest tourism products and by establishing a quantitative-factor indicator system with four factor-layers and ten secondary-factor-layers in forest tourism product planning, this theory analyzed the importance of each factor by using factor-assessment method and finally established a quantitative forest tourism products planning model according to the comprehensive assessment score. And we can judge and choose the suitable forest tourism products and then determine the development order of these products.
(6) Study on the strategic management theory of forest tourism investment. To effectively implement the strategic policy, this study put forward a series of operational and scientific management strategies in accordance with the current situation and the existing problems of forest tourism investment and with the various requirements investment projects need under different stages of construction as well as the characteristics of forest tourism. These management strategies include:first of all, the four highly-targeted management measures to improve the operation of investment projects, namely, setting up a preliminary work fund for forest tourism projects, regulating forest tourism projects work procedures, establishing the leading role of government in forest tourism investment and forming an active and effective mechanisms for community participation. Secondly, this study established a set of forest tourism resources development and construction performance assessment indicator system and built a performance assessment model, which serves as the assessment basis to assess the forest tourism investment performance of the related departments. And this provides a theoretical basis for the transition from qualitative management to quantitative management.
(7) An empirical study on the forest tourism investment strategy in Jiangxi Province. In the case of Jiangxi, a comprehensive analysis of the geographic environment, human environment and forest tourism resources is launched, the status quo and development prospects of forest tourism investment are probed in depth and a strategic framework for forest tourism investment is built. Based on the Key Investment Region Choice Theory of forest tourism investment, we delimit the order and scope of 11 key investment regions in Jiangxi; based on the Forest Tourism Key Investment Projects Choice Theory, we made a key investment projects choice, using the five research projects, such as the forest health center in Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, as the research object; based on the Forest Tourism Product Planning Choice Theory, we singled out some tourism products, using the Xiufeng scenic spot forest nursing homes in Shannan national park of Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi and other 12 tourism products as the research object, and sketched the blueprint for the forest tourism investment in Jiangxi accordingly.
The above results and conclusions of this study offered a new perspective for forest tourism investment research and enriched the content of research on Forest Tourism, so it has important theoretical significance. Meanwhile, the results of this study will provide a scientific basis for the protection of ecological resources in forest tourism scenic spots and for the decision of forest tourism investment management, so it is of great realistic significance in guiding the management of forest tourism scenic spots investment and the protection of ecological resources.
引文
[1]Robert W. Dougless森林旅游[M].张建列译.北京：东北林业大学出版社,1986.
[2]邓金阳.试论森林的游憩功能[J].湖南林业科技,1992,19(4)：33-35.
[3]陈应发.美国的森林游憩[J].华东森林经理,1994,8(1)：45-50.
[4]但新球,周光辉.对森林旅游及其特点的认识[J].中南林业调查规划,1994,13(2)：57-60.
[5]但新球,吴南飞,方宝新.对森林生态旅游的认识[J].中南林业调查规划,2001,20(3)：38-40,54.
[6]马建章.森林旅游学[M]. 哈尔滨：东北林业大学出版社,1998.
[7]王兴国,王建军.森林公园与生态旅游[J].旅游学刊,1998,13(2)：16-19.
[8]钟林生,李玉平.我国森林旅游业的发展与前景[J].中南林业调查规划,1998,17(2)：55-57.
[9]董智勇.中国森林旅游学[M].北京：石油化工出版社,2002.
[10]陈鑫峰,沈国舫.森林游憩的几个重要概念辨析[J]世界林业研究,2000,13(1)：69-76.
[11]朱忠保.森林生态学[M].北京：中国林业出版社,1991.
[12]何记永.浅谈森林浴的科学原理[J].四川林勘设计,1999,21(3)：23-25.
[13]吴楚材,吴章文.森林旅游及其在我国的发展前景[J].中南林学院学报,1998,18(3)：96-100.
[14]李世东.中国森林公园资源保护和旅游开发[J].资源开发与保护,1993.9(3)：189.
[15]陈应发.美国的森林游憩[J].世界林业研究,1993,6(2)：28-31
[16]吴章文.森林旅游区环境资源评价研究[M].北京：中国环境科学出版社,2003.
[17]陈鑫峰,王雁.森林游憩业发展回顾[J].世界林业研究.1999,12(6)：32-37.
[18]林文镇.森林美学[M].台湾：淑馨出版社,1991.
[19]王传书,张钧成.林业哲学与森林美学问题研究[M].北京：科学出版社,1992.
[20]陆兆苏.森林美学初探[J].华东森林经理,1995,(3)：24-28.
[21]王雁,陈鑫峰.心理物理学方法在国外森林景观评价中的应用[J].林业科学,1999,45(5)：112-115.
[22]Daniel T. C, Boster R S. Measuring landscape esthetics:The scenic beauty estimation method[M]. Rocky Mtn Forest and Range Exp Stn, Fort Collins, Colo,1976.
[23]Buhyoff G. J, Leuschner W A. Estimation psychological disutility from damaged forest stands[J]. For Sci.1978,24:424-432.
[24]Buhyoff G. J, Leuschner W A. Arndt L K. Replication of a scenic preference function[J]. 1980,26(2):227-230.
[25]Reid C. M. et.al. Dead wood in the Caledonian pine forest.Forestry,1996,69(3):275-279.
[26]Hodge S. J, Peterken G F. Dead wood in British forests:priorities and a strategy. Forestry, 1998,71(2):99-112.
[27]Jackson R. Hetal. Assessment of the environmental impact of high voltage power transmission lines. J Enviro Manage,1978,6:61-76.
[28]Anderson L. M. Land use designations affect perception of scenic beauty in forest landscape. For Sci,1981,27(2):392-400.
[29]Brush R.O. The attractiveness of woodlands:perceptions of forest land owners in Massachusetts. For Sci,1979,25(3):495-506.
[30]Jensen F. S. Landscape manager'and politicians'perception of the forest and landscape preferences of the population. For&Landsc Res,1993,1:79-93.
[31]Vodak M. C et.al. Scenic impacts of eastern hardwood management. For Sci,1985,31(2):289-301.
[32]Arthur L. M. Predicting scenic beauty of forest environments:some empirical tests. For Sci, 1977,23(2):151-160.
[33]Shafer E. Letal. Natural landscape preferences:Apredictiv emodel. J Leisure Res,1969,1:1-19
[34]Shafer E. L, Tooby M. Landscape preferences:Aninternational replication. J Leisure Res, 1973,5:60-65.
[35]Shafer E. L, Meitz J. It seems possible to quantify scenic beauty in photographs. USDAF or Serv Res Pap NE162 Upper Darby, Pa:Northeast For Exp Stn.1977.
[36]Kreimer A. Environmental preferences:A critical analysis of some research methodologies. J Leisure Res,1977,9:88-97.
[37]Wellman J. D, Buhyoff G J. Effects of regional familiarity on landscape preferences. J Environ Manage,1980,11:105-110.
[38]Buhyoff G. J, Wellman J D. Landscape preference metrics:An international comparison. J Environ Manage,1983,16:181-190.
[39]陈厚照.到森林中观赏风景美[J].华东森林经理,1997,12(1)：27-30.
[40]张洪明.试论动植物资源的旅游价值[J].华东森林经理,1997,12(3)：38-42.
[41]潘国兴.谈“森林浴”[J].华东森林经理,1992,6(3)：7-9.
[42]但新球.森林公园的疗养保健功能及在规划中的应用[J].中南林业调查规划,1994,13(1)：54-57.
[43]徐国桢.在建立森林公园时如何对现有森林进行改造[J].中南林业调查规划,1994,13(1)：51-53.
[44]陆兆苏,赵德海,李明阳等.按照风景林的特点建设森林公园[J].华东森林经理,1994,8(2)：12-17.
[45]顾金荣.风景林的林貌结构及其配置[J].华东森林经理,1990,4(2)：10-12.
[46]但新球,周光辉,蔡时钧.森林游憩对环境与景观生态系统的影响[J].中南林业调查规划,1996,15(1)：56-60.
[47]罗杰·珀曼.自然资源与环境经济学[M].侯元兆译.北京：中国经济出版社,2002.
[48]世界环境与发展委员会.我们共同的未来[R].1987.
[49]李爱贞,何佳梅.森林示范区建设规划研究[M].济南：山东省地图出版社,1999.
[50]David A. Fennd. Ecotourism:an introduction,London and New York:Routledge,1999.
[51]OdumE.P. Ecology and our Endangered Life-support system. Sunderland,M.A:Sinauer Assoc,1989.
[52]Daily and Ehrlich, P.R. Population,Sustainability, and Earth's Carrying Capacity. Bioscience, 1992,42:761-771.
[53]Daly, H.e. Carrying Capacity as a Tool of Development Policy:the Ecuadoran Amazon and the Plaraquayan chaco,Ecological Economics,1990,2:187-195.
[54]Zhang J Y. A study on the management Mechanisim about tourist Carrying capacity, case of Tailuge National park. Paper Volceme on Tourism Research. Taiwan:1999,159-176.
[55]Eagles. P, pernilsen. Eds. Ecotourism:Interpretation of References for planners and Managers [M]. North Bennington:The Ecotourism society,1995.
[56]Luo P C. A Discussion on the Tourist Enviromental Capacity in National Scienic Resort of Wayishan. Journal of Fajian teachers University,1997,13(7):94-97.
[57]亚当·斯密.国富论[M].郭大力,王亚楠译.北京：商务印书馆,1974.
[58]Samuelson. Paul.A.The pare theory of poublic expenditure[J]. Review of Economics and Statistics. 1954,36(11).
[59]张五常.经济解释[M].北京：商务印书馆,2000.
[60]马歇尔.经济学原理(上卷)[M].北京：商务印书馆,1983.
[61]庇古.福利经济学(上册)[M].台北：台泫银行经济研究室,1971.
[62]萨缪尔森.经济学[M].北京：商务印书馆,1976.
[63]敖容军,韦燕生.旅游开发的外部性及其内化研究[J].地域研究与开发,2003,22(2)：79-82.
[64]陈贵松.森林旅游负外部性的经济学分析[J].林业经济问题,2004,24(5)：254-260.
[65]吴章文.森林旅游资源特征和分类[J].中南林学院学报,2003,23(2)：39-42.
[66]William.E.Hammitt. David N.cole,wildland Reqreation (second edition),1998:16-70.
[67]Wagar J.A. The Carry Capacity of wildlands for Recreation. Forest science.1964,(7):1-24.
[68]Alanr Graefe Jerry J Vaske 1987:A Framework For Management Quality in The Tourism Experience, Annals of Tourism Research,1987:390-404.
[69]王维正.国家公园[M].北京：中国林业出版社,2004.
[70]钟贤巍,辛本禄.长白山旅游模式扩展及其原因分析[J].社会科学战线.2005,12(5)：164-166.
[71]裘晓雯,兰思仁.森林旅游产品适宜性评价指标体系的研究[J].南平师专学报,2003,23(3)：84-88.
[72]张福庆.投资项目运作指南[M].南昌：江西人民出版社,2005.
[73]张福庆.生态省投资建设探论[J].求索,2004,11：37-39.
[74]孙希有.竞争战略分析方法[M].北京：中国金融出版社,2003.
[75]吕一河,傅伯杰,陈利顶.生态建设的理论分析[J]. 生态学报,2006,26(11)：3891-3897.
[76]陈国阶.论生态建设[J].中国环境科学,1993,13(3)：219-223.
[77]章家恩.地球人迟到的忏悔：恢复生态学[M].上海：上海科学技术出版社：2002.
[78]Bradshaw A D. Underlying principles of restoration [J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science,1996,53(Supplementl):3-9.
[79]李文华,王如松.生态安全与生态建设[M].北京：气象出版社,2002.
[80]Pastorok R T, MacDonald A, Sampson J R, et al. An ecological decision framework for environmental restoration projects[J]. Ecological Engineering,1997,9:989-107.
[81]王如松林顺坤欧阳志云.海南生态省建设的理论与实践[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2004.
[82]张福庆,胡海胜.生态省投资建设的理念研究[J].经济师,2005,11(201)：40-41.
[83]盛连喜,刘长生,周道玮.吉林生态与生态建设[M].长春：东北师范大学出版社,2001.
[84]张志强,孙成权,王学定等.甘肃省生态建设与大农业可持续发展研究[M].北京：中国环境科学出版社,2001.
[85]臧旭恒,徐向艺,杨蕙馨.产业经济学[M].北京：经济科学出版社,2004.
[86]沃西里·里昂惕夫.投入产出经济学[M].北京：中国统计出版社,1990.
[87]艾伯特·赫希曼.经济发展战略[M].北京：经济科学出版社,1991.
[88]杨治.产业经济学导论[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社,1985.
[89]唐绍欣,王加胜.西方投资决策方法的新进展[J].福建论坛(经济社会版),2002,22(2)：8-10.
[90]刘英,宣国良.现实期权：企业战略投资的新视点[J].当代财经,2000,20(2)：61-64.
[91]赵建华,韩占一,吴立扬.投资项目专家论证系统研究[J].中国投资,2000,15(7)：39-41.
[92]章红新.电力企业业主投资控制[J].中国投资,2002,17(7)：76-77.
[93]张福庆,胡雅萍.试论国家审计监督控制建设项目造价的有效途径[J].江西政报,2005,3：43-44.
[94]张曼,屠梅珍.ABS融资在基础设施建设中的应用构想[J].中国投资,2000,15(10)：46-47.
[95]姜伟新.当前投资工作的几个问题[J].中国投资,2002,17(4)：16-19.
[96]田江海.步履维艰的投资体制改革[J].中国投资,2002,17(5)：58-59.
[97]马永喜.ABS项目融资与我国基础设施建设[J].国际经济合作,2002,17(8)：46-47.
[98]罗去毅.WTO对我国投资管理体制改革的影响[J].中国投资,2002,17(3)：46-49.
[99]王立国.项目投资资金来源选择的策略[J].财经问题研究,2001,21(7)：59-63.
[100]朱咏,黄苏萍.投资项目的融资渠道分析[J].工业技术经济,2004,23(4)：126-129.
[101]黄磊.新世纪投资战略问题研究[J].当代财经,2000,20(5)：35-39.
[102]张福庆.激活民间投资是加快经济发展的重要途径[J].中国工程咨询,2003.4(2)：40-42.
[103]陈炳富.企业管理理论[M].西南财经大学出版社.,1994.
[104]迈克尔·波特.竞争优势[M].陈小悦译.北京：华夏出版社,1997.
[105]陈建.寻求战略优势[M].海天出版社,1998.
[106]韩德昌.公司战略管理[M].太原：山西经济出版社,1999.
[107]C·鲍曼,郑薇译.战略管理[M].北京：中信出版社,1997.
[108]李育才.面向21世纪的林业发展战略[M].北京：中国林业出版社,1996.
[109]辛建荣,杜远生.旅游地理学[M].天津：天津大学出版社,1996.
[110]李向明.近年来我国森林旅游研究综述[J].江西林业科技,2001,(3)：22-27.
[111]杨帆.森林公园生态旅游资源的开发和保护[J].中南林业调查规划,1996,15(4)：58-61.
[112]王兴国.森林旅游21世纪林业的支柱产业[J].森林旅游,1998,(试刊号)：8.
[113]王小明.中国森林旅游发展战略研究[z].北京林业大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[114]陈静.森林旅游：期待“枝繁叶茂”[N].中国旅游报,2006-6-19(2)
[115]俞晖,王兴国.中国森林公园和森林旅游的新发展[A].见张广瑞,魏小安,刘德谦.2002-2004年中国旅游发展：分析与预测[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2003.
[116]刘海峰.发展森林旅游的问题与对策[J].中国林业企业,2003,11(4)：24-26.
[117]江民锦.旅游开发中环境保护问题的博弈分析[J].湖南环境生物职业技术学院学报2006,12(2)：184-187.
[118]诸葛仁.借鉴国际生态旅游标准规范中国生态旅游市场[J].中国旅游通讯.2006(4)：37-41.
[119]阚耀平.森林旅游人才的培养对策[J].广西林业,2006,35(1)：54-56.
[120]余美珠.试论森林旅游的可持续发展[J].林业勘察设计,2006,28(1)：62-65.
[121]吴楚材,孙灿明,耿庆汇.森林旅游资源资产评估[J]. 中南林学院学报,2003,23(6)：6-10.
[122]国家林业局野生动植物保护司.中国自然保护区政策研究[M].北京：中国林业出版社,2003.
[123]王兴国.两种经营权转让模式比较[J].林业工作研究,2003,(1)：32-35.
[124]陈忠贤.深化改革,加快发展,建设一流的国家森林公园[J].湖南林业,2002,23(7)：69-76.
[125]陈世清,涂慧萍,唐志蕴.我国森林公园建设策略思考[J].林业资源管理,2004,33(2)：37-41.
[126]汪诚.黄山可持续发展生态境域的保护及存在问题[J].中国园林,2001,16(3)：22-24.
[127]全国森林公园建设和森林旅游开发资金将达三干亿元[N].江南游报,2006-6-8(4).
[128]刘江.中国可持续发展战略研究[M].北京：中国农业出版社,2001.
[129]夏征农.辞海(缩印本)[M].上海：上海辞书出版社,1990.
[130]乌恩,戴尔阜.森林旅游地功能分区规划初探[J].农村生态环境,2001,17(4)：22-25.
[131]刘家明,杨新军.生态旅游地可持续旅游发展规划初探[J].自然资源学报,1999,14(1)：79-81.
[132]许学工,Paul F.J.Eagles,张茵.加拿大的自然保护区管理[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2000.
[133]徐化成.景观生态学[M].北京：中国林业出版社,1996.
[134]陈光建等.投资建设项目决策[M].北京：中国计划出版社,2005.
[135]陈利,陈卫.建设项目环境影响因素分析[J].城市环境与城市生态,2003,16(6)：236-237.
[136]刘以礼,王家锡,程义祥等.论风景名胜区内旅游开发建设项目的环境影响评价[J].云南地理环境研究,2006,18(6)：7-10.
[137]Sophie Higman,et al,The sustainable forestry bandbook, Earthscan publication Ltd,London,1999.
[138]贾生华、陈宏辉.利益相关者的界定方法述评[J].外国经济与管理,2002,24(5)：13-18.
[139]罗青军.利益相关者理论的组合市场导向研究[J].广东商学院学报,2002.17(6)：15-18.
[140]paul F. Eagles, et al,sustainable Tourism in protected Areas.IUCN-The world conservation Union,2002.
[141]张福庆,胡雅萍.中外合资经营项目财务评价程序初探[J].外国经济与管理,1992,14(9)：41-43.
[142]国家发改委、建设部.建设项目经济评价方法与参数[M].北京：中国计划出版社,2006(第3版).
[143]史忠良.产业经济学[M].北京：北京经济管理出版社,2005.
[144]吴楚材.张家界森林公园研究[M].北京：中国林业出版社,1991.
[145]Von Werzscker, C. C. A welfare analysis of barriers to entry. The Bell journal of Economics. 1980,(11):399-420.
[146]Whinston, Michael D. Exit with multiplant firms. Rand Journal of Economics.1988,19(4):74-94.
[147]White,Lawrence J. Resale price maintenance and the preblem of marginal and inframarginal Customers. Contems. Contemporary Policy.1985,(3):17-22.
[148]Williamson. Oliver E. Markets and Hierarchies:Analysis and antitrust Implications.New York:The Free Press,1975.
[149]Williamson. Oliver E. The Economic Institutions of Capitalism. New York:The Free Press,1985.
[150]willig,Robert D. Consumer's surplus without apology. American Economic Reviverw.1976,66: 589-97.
[151]wilson,james A.. A test of the tragedy of the commons,in Garrett Hardin and John Baden, eds, Managing the Commons. San Francisco:W. H. Freeman,1977,96-111.
[152]Winter, Ralph A. Price and nonprice competition. Quarterly Journal of Economics.1993.
[153]Yamey, B.S., ed. Resale Price Maintenance. Chicago:Aldine.1996.
[154]保罗.索尔曼,托马斯.费里德曼.企业竞争战略[M].尉腾蛟译.北京：中国友谊出版社,1985.
[155]邹统钎.旅游景区开发与管理[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2004.
[156]张福庆.生态旅游投资重点领域选择研究[J].江西社会科学,2006,27(3)：162-166.
[157]张福庆.江西省重点投资项目储备库建设创新思考[J].求实,2004.52(3)：66-69
[158]邹统钎.旅游开发与规划[M],广州：广东旅游出版社,2001.
[159]David A. Fennel,Ecotourism:an introduction.London and New York:Routledge,1999.
[160]Daliy and Ehrlich,P.R,"Population,Sustainability,and Earth's Carrying Capacity",Bioscience, 1992,42:761-771.
[161]Daly,H.E,"Carrying Capacity as a Tool of Development Policy:the Ecuadoran Amazon and the Pparaquayan Chaco",Ecological Economics,1990,(2):187-195.
[162]Eagles.P,PerNilsen.Eds,Ecotourism:Interpretation of References for Planners and Managers.north Bennington:The Ecotourism Society,1995.
[163]Odum,E. P,Ecology and our Endangered Life-Support System..Sunderland,M.A:Sinauer Assoc.1989.
[164]White,Lawrence J. Resale price maintenance and the problem of marginal and Inframarginal Customers.Contemporary Policy.1985,3:17-22.
[165]Williamson.Oliver E. Markets and Hierarchies:Analysis and antirust Implications.New York:The Free Press.1975.
[166]Williamson.Oliver E. The Economic Institutions of Capitalism.New York:The Free Press.1985.
[167]Willig,Robert D. Consunmer's surplus without apology.American Economic review. 1976,66(5):89-97.
[168]Wilson James A. A test of the tragedy of the commons,in Gattett Hardin and john Baden,eds.,Mangging the Commons. San Francisco:W . H . Freeman,1977:96-111.
[169]Winter,Ralph A..Price and nonprice conmpetition.Quarterly journal of Econnemics.1993
[170]Yamey,B.S.,ed. Resale Price Maintenance.Chicago:Aldine.1966.
[171]刘彦,王军.天开圣境巧筑营构—葫芦山风景旅游区生态规划设计析要[J].华中建筑,1999,17(2)：115-118.
[172]吕永龙.生态旅游的发展与规划[J].自然资源学报,1998,13(1)：81-88.
[173]张福庆.临川温泉风景区森林旅游规划设计构想[J].经济师,2006,21(11)：267-268.
[174]吴楚材.论生态旅游资源的开发与建设[J].社会科学家,2002,7(15)：7-13.
[175]贺春艳.从生态旅游的三大效益再论生态旅游活动的形式——兼与刘德谦先生商榷[J].旅 游学刊.2004,19(1),77-81.
[176]于开红.三峡库区旅游业的现状与对策分析[J].四川三峡学院学报(社会科学版),1998,14(3)：17-20.
[177]王子新.云南跨世纪重点旅游产品的选择[J].桂林旅游高等专科学校学报,1999,10(3)：62-64.
[178]Saaty T. L. The analytic hierarchy process:planning,priority setting,resource allocation[M]. NewYork:McGrawHill,1980.
[179]Albayrakoglu M. Justification of new manufacturing technology:a strategic approach using the analytical hierarch process. Production and Inventory Management Journal,1996,37(1):71-77.
[180]章俊华.规划设计学中的调查分析法与实践[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[181]陈少杰,顾祥林,张伟平.层次分析法在既有建筑结构体系可靠性评定中的应用[J].结构工程师,2005,21(2)：31-35.
[182]徐菲菲,刘沛林,白先春.风景名胜区规划方案的层次分析法与熵技术评价[J].地理研究.2004,23(3)：395-402.
[183]WANG Ji-hua,GUO Huai-cheng,Richard Dawson et al. Assessment of tourism resources in the rutog area of Tibet:based on ananalytichierarchy process[J]. Acta Scicentiarum Naturalum Universitis Pekinesis.2004,40(2):287-295.
[184]徐菲菲,杨达源,黄震方.基于层次熵分析法的湿地生态旅游评价研究——以江苏盐城丹顶鹤湿地自然保护区为例[J].经济地理,2005,25(5)：707-711,919.
[185]杨秀平,翁钢民,赵本谦. 基于层次分析法的旅游资源综合评价方法与应用研究[J].国土资源与科技.2005,22(4)：104-107.
[186]刘勇,韩泰凡.基于层次分析法的绵山旅游资源评价与可持续发展对策[J]. 经济地理,2006,26(2)：346-348,352.
[187]QIU Xiaowen, LAN Siren. Research on the index system of the adaptability evaluation on forest tourism product[J]. Journal of Nanping Teachers College.2004,23(3):84-88.
[188]胡晓寒,党志良,马飞等.层次分析法在水库景区规划中的应用[J].国土资源与科技.2004,21(2)：30-33.
[189]风景名胜区规划规范[S].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2001
[190]申葆嘉.关于旅游发展规划的几个问题[J].旅游学刊,1995,10(4)：34-38.
[191]Mieczkowski Z.1995, Environmental issues of tourism and recreation[M].. University Press of America, Inc., Lanham.
[192]吴必虎.区域旅游规划原理[M].北京：中国旅游出版社,2001.
[193]Eymann A. Microeconometric models of tourist destination choice[J]. Regional Science and Urban Economics,1997,27:735-761.
[194]Eymann A. Ronning G. Discrete choice analysis of foreign travel demand[J]. European Integration and the World Economy,1992,641-664.
[195]Rugg D. The choice of journey destination:a theoretical and empirical analysis[J]. Review of Economics and Statistics,1973,55:64-72.
[196]Papatheodorou A. Why people travel to different places[J].Annals of Tourism Research, 2001,28:164-179.
[197]Haider W, Ewing G. A model of tourist choices of hypothetical Caribbean destinations[J]. LeisureSciences,1990,1(1):33-47.
[198]Koppelman S F. Consumer analysis of travel choic. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 1980,14(2):133-159.
[199]Seddighi H R, Theocahrous A L. A model of tourism destination choice:a theoretical and empirical analysis[J]. Tourism Management,2002,23:475-487.
[200]Um S, Lcrompton J. Attitude determinants in tourism destination choice[J]. Annals of Tourism Research,1990,17:432-448.
[201]Huybers T. Domestic tourism destination choices:a choice modeling analysis[J]. Journal of Tourism Research.2003,5:445-459.
[202]沈涵.游客的旅游地选择与购买决策模型分析[J].旅游学刊,2005,20(3)：43-47.
[203]毛端谦,张捷,包浩生.基于Lancaster特性理论的旅游目的地选择模式——理论分析与江西省旅游客流的实证研究[J].地理研究,2005,24(6)：992-999.
[204]吴必虎,唐俊雅,黄安民等.中国城市居民旅游目的地选择行为研究[J].地理学报1997,52(2)：97-102.
[205]赵毅,蔡洁.区域旅游规划产品开发研究——以重庆市江北区旅游规划为例[J].经济地理,2005,25(6)：920-923.
[206]许春晓.旅游规划产品设计“双筛法”研究[J].旅游学刊,2003,18(1)：27-30.
[207]吕本勋,杜靖川.旅游产品规划新方法“漏斗法”——兼与许春晓同志商榷[J].旅游科学,2005,19(5)：46-50.
[208]张福庆.森林旅游资源利用研究[J].中国工程咨询,2007,8(3)：25-27
[209]张福庆.论江西省重点投资项目储备库管理机制[J].企业经济,2004.25(3)：112-115.
[210]张福庆.以科学发展观统领投资项目前期工作[J].价格月刊,2004.25(8)：9.
[211]张福庆.基于生态理念的省城投资建设政策措施[J].价格月刊,2005.26(6)：16-17.
[212]张福庆,胡雅萍.江西森林旅游业投资建设问题与对策研究[J].中国工程咨询,2006,7(11)：19-21.
[213]杨桂华,钟林生,明庆忠.生态旅游[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2000.
[214]张福庆.生态旅游资源开发建设绩效考核评价研究[J].中南林学院学报,2006,4(4)：23-26.
[215]熊冬平,张秋根,万承永.发展江西森林旅游的思路[J].江西林业科技,2003,31(4)：16-18.
[216]俞晖.21世纪中国森林旅游业发展战略研究[J].江西林业科技,2003,31(4)：16-18.
[2]邓金阳.试论森林的游憩功能[J].湖南林业科技,1992,19(4)：33-35.
[3]陈应发.美国的森林游憩[J].华东森林经理,1994,8(1)：45-50.
[4]但新球,周光辉.对森林旅游及其特点的认识[J].中南林业调查规划,1994,13(2)：57-60.
[5]但新球,吴南飞,方宝新.对森林生态旅游的认识[J].中南林业调查规划,2001,20(3)：38-40,54.
[6]马建章.森林旅游学[M]. 哈尔滨：东北林业大学出版社,1998.
[7]王兴国,王建军.森林公园与生态旅游[J].旅游学刊,1998,13(2)：16-19.
[8]钟林生,李玉平.我国森林旅游业的发展与前景[J].中南林业调查规划,1998,17(2)：55-57.
[9]董智勇.中国森林旅游学[M].北京：石油化工出版社,2002.
[10]陈鑫峰,沈国舫.森林游憩的几个重要概念辨析[J]世界林业研究,2000,13(1)：69-76.
[11]朱忠保.森林生态学[M].北京：中国林业出版社,1991.
[12]何记永.浅谈森林浴的科学原理[J].四川林勘设计,1999,21(3)：23-25.
[13]吴楚材,吴章文.森林旅游及其在我国的发展前景[J].中南林学院学报,1998,18(3)：96-100.
[14]李世东.中国森林公园资源保护和旅游开发[J].资源开发与保护,1993.9(3)：189.
[15]陈应发.美国的森林游憩[J].世界林业研究,1993,6(2)：28-31
[16]吴章文.森林旅游区环境资源评价研究[M].北京：中国环境科学出版社,2003.
[17]陈鑫峰,王雁.森林游憩业发展回顾[J].世界林业研究.1999,12(6)：32-37.
[18]林文镇.森林美学[M].台湾：淑馨出版社,1991.
[19]王传书,张钧成.林业哲学与森林美学问题研究[M].北京：科学出版社,1992.
[20]陆兆苏.森林美学初探[J].华东森林经理,1995,(3)：24-28.
[21]王雁,陈鑫峰.心理物理学方法在国外森林景观评价中的应用[J].林业科学,1999,45(5)：112-115.
[22]Daniel T. C, Boster R S. Measuring landscape esthetics:The scenic beauty estimation method[M]. Rocky Mtn Forest and Range Exp Stn, Fort Collins, Colo,1976.
[23]Buhyoff G. J, Leuschner W A. Estimation psychological disutility from damaged forest stands[J]. For Sci.1978,24:424-432.
[24]Buhyoff G. J, Leuschner W A. Arndt L K. Replication of a scenic preference function[J]. 1980,26(2):227-230.
[25]Reid C. M. et.al. Dead wood in the Caledonian pine forest.Forestry,1996,69(3):275-279.
[26]Hodge S. J, Peterken G F. Dead wood in British forests:priorities and a strategy. Forestry, 1998,71(2):99-112.
[27]Jackson R. Hetal. Assessment of the environmental impact of high voltage power transmission lines. J Enviro Manage,1978,6:61-76.
[28]Anderson L. M. Land use designations affect perception of scenic beauty in forest landscape. For Sci,1981,27(2):392-400.
[29]Brush R.O. The attractiveness of woodlands:perceptions of forest land owners in Massachusetts. For Sci,1979,25(3):495-506.
[30]Jensen F. S. Landscape manager'and politicians'perception of the forest and landscape preferences of the population. For&Landsc Res,1993,1:79-93.
[31]Vodak M. C et.al. Scenic impacts of eastern hardwood management. For Sci,1985,31(2):289-301.
[32]Arthur L. M. Predicting scenic beauty of forest environments:some empirical tests. For Sci, 1977,23(2):151-160.
[33]Shafer E. Letal. Natural landscape preferences:Apredictiv emodel. J Leisure Res,1969,1:1-19
[34]Shafer E. L, Tooby M. Landscape preferences:Aninternational replication. J Leisure Res, 1973,5:60-65.
[35]Shafer E. L, Meitz J. It seems possible to quantify scenic beauty in photographs. USDAF or Serv Res Pap NE162 Upper Darby, Pa:Northeast For Exp Stn.1977.
[36]Kreimer A. Environmental preferences:A critical analysis of some research methodologies. J Leisure Res,1977,9:88-97.
[37]Wellman J. D, Buhyoff G J. Effects of regional familiarity on landscape preferences. J Environ Manage,1980,11:105-110.
[38]Buhyoff G. J, Wellman J D. Landscape preference metrics:An international comparison. J Environ Manage,1983,16:181-190.
[39]陈厚照.到森林中观赏风景美[J].华东森林经理,1997,12(1)：27-30.
[40]张洪明.试论动植物资源的旅游价值[J].华东森林经理,1997,12(3)：38-42.
[41]潘国兴.谈“森林浴”[J].华东森林经理,1992,6(3)：7-9.
[42]但新球.森林公园的疗养保健功能及在规划中的应用[J].中南林业调查规划,1994,13(1)：54-57.
[43]徐国桢.在建立森林公园时如何对现有森林进行改造[J].中南林业调查规划,1994,13(1)：51-53.
[44]陆兆苏,赵德海,李明阳等.按照风景林的特点建设森林公园[J].华东森林经理,1994,8(2)：12-17.
[45]顾金荣.风景林的林貌结构及其配置[J].华东森林经理,1990,4(2)：10-12.
[46]但新球,周光辉,蔡时钧.森林游憩对环境与景观生态系统的影响[J].中南林业调查规划,1996,15(1)：56-60.
[47]罗杰·珀曼.自然资源与环境经济学[M].侯元兆译.北京：中国经济出版社,2002.
[48]世界环境与发展委员会.我们共同的未来[R].1987.
[49]李爱贞,何佳梅.森林示范区建设规划研究[M].济南：山东省地图出版社,1999.
[50]David A. Fennd. Ecotourism:an introduction,London and New York:Routledge,1999.
[51]OdumE.P. Ecology and our Endangered Life-support system. Sunderland,M.A:Sinauer Assoc,1989.
[52]Daily and Ehrlich, P.R. Population,Sustainability, and Earth's Carrying Capacity. Bioscience, 1992,42:761-771.
[53]Daly, H.e. Carrying Capacity as a Tool of Development Policy:the Ecuadoran Amazon and the Plaraquayan chaco,Ecological Economics,1990,2:187-195.
[54]Zhang J Y. A study on the management Mechanisim about tourist Carrying capacity, case of Tailuge National park. Paper Volceme on Tourism Research. Taiwan:1999,159-176.
[55]Eagles. P, pernilsen. Eds. Ecotourism:Interpretation of References for planners and Managers [M]. North Bennington:The Ecotourism society,1995.
[56]Luo P C. A Discussion on the Tourist Enviromental Capacity in National Scienic Resort of Wayishan. Journal of Fajian teachers University,1997,13(7):94-97.
[57]亚当·斯密.国富论[M].郭大力,王亚楠译.北京：商务印书馆,1974.
[58]Samuelson. Paul.A.The pare theory of poublic expenditure[J]. Review of Economics and Statistics. 1954,36(11).
[59]张五常.经济解释[M].北京：商务印书馆,2000.
[60]马歇尔.经济学原理(上卷)[M].北京：商务印书馆,1983.
[61]庇古.福利经济学(上册)[M].台北：台泫银行经济研究室,1971.
[62]萨缪尔森.经济学[M].北京：商务印书馆,1976.
[63]敖容军,韦燕生.旅游开发的外部性及其内化研究[J].地域研究与开发,2003,22(2)：79-82.
[64]陈贵松.森林旅游负外部性的经济学分析[J].林业经济问题,2004,24(5)：254-260.
[65]吴章文.森林旅游资源特征和分类[J].中南林学院学报,2003,23(2)：39-42.
[66]William.E.Hammitt. David N.cole,wildland Reqreation (second edition),1998:16-70.
[67]Wagar J.A. The Carry Capacity of wildlands for Recreation. Forest science.1964,(7):1-24.
[68]Alanr Graefe Jerry J Vaske 1987:A Framework For Management Quality in The Tourism Experience, Annals of Tourism Research,1987:390-404.
[69]王维正.国家公园[M].北京：中国林业出版社,2004.
[70]钟贤巍,辛本禄.长白山旅游模式扩展及其原因分析[J].社会科学战线.2005,12(5)：164-166.
[71]裘晓雯,兰思仁.森林旅游产品适宜性评价指标体系的研究[J].南平师专学报,2003,23(3)：84-88.
[72]张福庆.投资项目运作指南[M].南昌：江西人民出版社,2005.
[73]张福庆.生态省投资建设探论[J].求索,2004,11：37-39.
[74]孙希有.竞争战略分析方法[M].北京：中国金融出版社,2003.
[75]吕一河,傅伯杰,陈利顶.生态建设的理论分析[J]. 生态学报,2006,26(11)：3891-3897.
[76]陈国阶.论生态建设[J].中国环境科学,1993,13(3)：219-223.
[77]章家恩.地球人迟到的忏悔：恢复生态学[M].上海：上海科学技术出版社：2002.
[78]Bradshaw A D. Underlying principles of restoration [J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science,1996,53(Supplementl):3-9.
[79]李文华,王如松.生态安全与生态建设[M].北京：气象出版社,2002.
[80]Pastorok R T, MacDonald A, Sampson J R, et al. An ecological decision framework for environmental restoration projects[J]. Ecological Engineering,1997,9:989-107.
[81]王如松林顺坤欧阳志云.海南生态省建设的理论与实践[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2004.
[82]张福庆,胡海胜.生态省投资建设的理念研究[J].经济师,2005,11(201)：40-41.
[83]盛连喜,刘长生,周道玮.吉林生态与生态建设[M].长春：东北师范大学出版社,2001.
[84]张志强,孙成权,王学定等.甘肃省生态建设与大农业可持续发展研究[M].北京：中国环境科学出版社,2001.
[85]臧旭恒,徐向艺,杨蕙馨.产业经济学[M].北京：经济科学出版社,2004.
[86]沃西里·里昂惕夫.投入产出经济学[M].北京：中国统计出版社,1990.
[87]艾伯特·赫希曼.经济发展战略[M].北京：经济科学出版社,1991.
[88]杨治.产业经济学导论[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社,1985.
[89]唐绍欣,王加胜.西方投资决策方法的新进展[J].福建论坛(经济社会版),2002,22(2)：8-10.
[90]刘英,宣国良.现实期权：企业战略投资的新视点[J].当代财经,2000,20(2)：61-64.
[91]赵建华,韩占一,吴立扬.投资项目专家论证系统研究[J].中国投资,2000,15(7)：39-41.
[92]章红新.电力企业业主投资控制[J].中国投资,2002,17(7)：76-77.
[93]张福庆,胡雅萍.试论国家审计监督控制建设项目造价的有效途径[J].江西政报,2005,3：43-44.
[94]张曼,屠梅珍.ABS融资在基础设施建设中的应用构想[J].中国投资,2000,15(10)：46-47.
[95]姜伟新.当前投资工作的几个问题[J].中国投资,2002,17(4)：16-19.
[96]田江海.步履维艰的投资体制改革[J].中国投资,2002,17(5)：58-59.
[97]马永喜.ABS项目融资与我国基础设施建设[J].国际经济合作,2002,17(8)：46-47.
[98]罗去毅.WTO对我国投资管理体制改革的影响[J].中国投资,2002,17(3)：46-49.
[99]王立国.项目投资资金来源选择的策略[J].财经问题研究,2001,21(7)：59-63.
[100]朱咏,黄苏萍.投资项目的融资渠道分析[J].工业技术经济,2004,23(4)：126-129.
[101]黄磊.新世纪投资战略问题研究[J].当代财经,2000,20(5)：35-39.
[102]张福庆.激活民间投资是加快经济发展的重要途径[J].中国工程咨询,2003.4(2)：40-42.
[103]陈炳富.企业管理理论[M].西南财经大学出版社.,1994.
[104]迈克尔·波特.竞争优势[M].陈小悦译.北京：华夏出版社,1997.
[105]陈建.寻求战略优势[M].海天出版社,1998.
[106]韩德昌.公司战略管理[M].太原：山西经济出版社,1999.
[107]C·鲍曼,郑薇译.战略管理[M].北京：中信出版社,1997.
[108]李育才.面向21世纪的林业发展战略[M].北京：中国林业出版社,1996.
[109]辛建荣,杜远生.旅游地理学[M].天津：天津大学出版社,1996.
[110]李向明.近年来我国森林旅游研究综述[J].江西林业科技,2001,(3)：22-27.
[111]杨帆.森林公园生态旅游资源的开发和保护[J].中南林业调查规划,1996,15(4)：58-61.
[112]王兴国.森林旅游21世纪林业的支柱产业[J].森林旅游,1998,(试刊号)：8.
[113]王小明.中国森林旅游发展战略研究[z].北京林业大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[114]陈静.森林旅游：期待“枝繁叶茂”[N].中国旅游报,2006-6-19(2)
[115]俞晖,王兴国.中国森林公园和森林旅游的新发展[A].见张广瑞,魏小安,刘德谦.2002-2004年中国旅游发展：分析与预测[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2003.
[116]刘海峰.发展森林旅游的问题与对策[J].中国林业企业,2003,11(4)：24-26.
[117]江民锦.旅游开发中环境保护问题的博弈分析[J].湖南环境生物职业技术学院学报2006,12(2)：184-187.
[118]诸葛仁.借鉴国际生态旅游标准规范中国生态旅游市场[J].中国旅游通讯.2006(4)：37-41.
[119]阚耀平.森林旅游人才的培养对策[J].广西林业,2006,35(1)：54-56.
[120]余美珠.试论森林旅游的可持续发展[J].林业勘察设计,2006,28(1)：62-65.
[121]吴楚材,孙灿明,耿庆汇.森林旅游资源资产评估[J]. 中南林学院学报,2003,23(6)：6-10.
[122]国家林业局野生动植物保护司.中国自然保护区政策研究[M].北京：中国林业出版社,2003.
[123]王兴国.两种经营权转让模式比较[J].林业工作研究,2003,(1)：32-35.
[124]陈忠贤.深化改革,加快发展,建设一流的国家森林公园[J].湖南林业,2002,23(7)：69-76.
[125]陈世清,涂慧萍,唐志蕴.我国森林公园建设策略思考[J].林业资源管理,2004,33(2)：37-41.
[126]汪诚.黄山可持续发展生态境域的保护及存在问题[J].中国园林,2001,16(3)：22-24.
[127]全国森林公园建设和森林旅游开发资金将达三干亿元[N].江南游报,2006-6-8(4).
[128]刘江.中国可持续发展战略研究[M].北京：中国农业出版社,2001.
[129]夏征农.辞海(缩印本)[M].上海：上海辞书出版社,1990.
[130]乌恩,戴尔阜.森林旅游地功能分区规划初探[J].农村生态环境,2001,17(4)：22-25.
[131]刘家明,杨新军.生态旅游地可持续旅游发展规划初探[J].自然资源学报,1999,14(1)：79-81.
[132]许学工,Paul F.J.Eagles,张茵.加拿大的自然保护区管理[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2000.
[133]徐化成.景观生态学[M].北京：中国林业出版社,1996.
[134]陈光建等.投资建设项目决策[M].北京：中国计划出版社,2005.
[135]陈利,陈卫.建设项目环境影响因素分析[J].城市环境与城市生态,2003,16(6)：236-237.
[136]刘以礼,王家锡,程义祥等.论风景名胜区内旅游开发建设项目的环境影响评价[J].云南地理环境研究,2006,18(6)：7-10.
[137]Sophie Higman,et al,The sustainable forestry bandbook, Earthscan publication Ltd,London,1999.
[138]贾生华、陈宏辉.利益相关者的界定方法述评[J].外国经济与管理,2002,24(5)：13-18.
[139]罗青军.利益相关者理论的组合市场导向研究[J].广东商学院学报,2002.17(6)：15-18.
[140]paul F. Eagles, et al,sustainable Tourism in protected Areas.IUCN-The world conservation Union,2002.
[141]张福庆,胡雅萍.中外合资经营项目财务评价程序初探[J].外国经济与管理,1992,14(9)：41-43.
[142]国家发改委、建设部.建设项目经济评价方法与参数[M].北京：中国计划出版社,2006(第3版).
[143]史忠良.产业经济学[M].北京：北京经济管理出版社,2005.
[144]吴楚材.张家界森林公园研究[M].北京：中国林业出版社,1991.
[145]Von Werzscker, C. C. A welfare analysis of barriers to entry. The Bell journal of Economics. 1980,(11):399-420.
[146]Whinston, Michael D. Exit with multiplant firms. Rand Journal of Economics.1988,19(4):74-94.
[147]White,Lawrence J. Resale price maintenance and the preblem of marginal and inframarginal Customers. Contems. Contemporary Policy.1985,(3):17-22.
[148]Williamson. Oliver E. Markets and Hierarchies:Analysis and antitrust Implications.New York:The Free Press,1975.
[149]Williamson. Oliver E. The Economic Institutions of Capitalism. New York:The Free Press,1985.
[150]willig,Robert D. Consumer's surplus without apology. American Economic Reviverw.1976,66: 589-97.
[151]wilson,james A.. A test of the tragedy of the commons,in Garrett Hardin and John Baden, eds, Managing the Commons. San Francisco:W. H. Freeman,1977,96-111.
[152]Winter, Ralph A. Price and nonprice competition. Quarterly Journal of Economics.1993.
[153]Yamey, B.S., ed. Resale Price Maintenance. Chicago:Aldine.1996.
[154]保罗.索尔曼,托马斯.费里德曼.企业竞争战略[M].尉腾蛟译.北京：中国友谊出版社,1985.
[155]邹统钎.旅游景区开发与管理[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2004.
[156]张福庆.生态旅游投资重点领域选择研究[J].江西社会科学,2006,27(3)：162-166.
[157]张福庆.江西省重点投资项目储备库建设创新思考[J].求实,2004.52(3)：66-69
[158]邹统钎.旅游开发与规划[M],广州：广东旅游出版社,2001.
[159]David A. Fennel,Ecotourism:an introduction.London and New York:Routledge,1999.
[160]Daliy and Ehrlich,P.R,"Population,Sustainability,and Earth's Carrying Capacity",Bioscience, 1992,42:761-771.
[161]Daly,H.E,"Carrying Capacity as a Tool of Development Policy:the Ecuadoran Amazon and the Pparaquayan Chaco",Ecological Economics,1990,(2):187-195.
[162]Eagles.P,PerNilsen.Eds,Ecotourism:Interpretation of References for Planners and Managers.north Bennington:The Ecotourism Society,1995.
[163]Odum,E. P,Ecology and our Endangered Life-Support System..Sunderland,M.A:Sinauer Assoc.1989.
[164]White,Lawrence J. Resale price maintenance and the problem of marginal and Inframarginal Customers.Contemporary Policy.1985,3:17-22.
[165]Williamson.Oliver E. Markets and Hierarchies:Analysis and antirust Implications.New York:The Free Press.1975.
[166]Williamson.Oliver E. The Economic Institutions of Capitalism.New York:The Free Press.1985.
[167]Willig,Robert D. Consunmer's surplus without apology.American Economic review. 1976,66(5):89-97.
[168]Wilson James A. A test of the tragedy of the commons,in Gattett Hardin and john Baden,eds.,Mangging the Commons. San Francisco:W . H . Freeman,1977:96-111.
[169]Winter,Ralph A..Price and nonprice conmpetition.Quarterly journal of Econnemics.1993
[170]Yamey,B.S.,ed. Resale Price Maintenance.Chicago:Aldine.1966.
[171]刘彦,王军.天开圣境巧筑营构—葫芦山风景旅游区生态规划设计析要[J].华中建筑,1999,17(2)：115-118.
[172]吕永龙.生态旅游的发展与规划[J].自然资源学报,1998,13(1)：81-88.
[173]张福庆.临川温泉风景区森林旅游规划设计构想[J].经济师,2006,21(11)：267-268.
[174]吴楚材.论生态旅游资源的开发与建设[J].社会科学家,2002,7(15)：7-13.
[175]贺春艳.从生态旅游的三大效益再论生态旅游活动的形式——兼与刘德谦先生商榷[J].旅 游学刊.2004,19(1),77-81.
[176]于开红.三峡库区旅游业的现状与对策分析[J].四川三峡学院学报(社会科学版),1998,14(3)：17-20.
[177]王子新.云南跨世纪重点旅游产品的选择[J].桂林旅游高等专科学校学报,1999,10(3)：62-64.
[178]Saaty T. L. The analytic hierarchy process:planning,priority setting,resource allocation[M]. NewYork:McGrawHill,1980.
[179]Albayrakoglu M. Justification of new manufacturing technology:a strategic approach using the analytical hierarch process. Production and Inventory Management Journal,1996,37(1):71-77.
[180]章俊华.规划设计学中的调查分析法与实践[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[181]陈少杰,顾祥林,张伟平.层次分析法在既有建筑结构体系可靠性评定中的应用[J].结构工程师,2005,21(2)：31-35.
[182]徐菲菲,刘沛林,白先春.风景名胜区规划方案的层次分析法与熵技术评价[J].地理研究.2004,23(3)：395-402.
[183]WANG Ji-hua,GUO Huai-cheng,Richard Dawson et al. Assessment of tourism resources in the rutog area of Tibet:based on ananalytichierarchy process[J]. Acta Scicentiarum Naturalum Universitis Pekinesis.2004,40(2):287-295.
[184]徐菲菲,杨达源,黄震方.基于层次熵分析法的湿地生态旅游评价研究——以江苏盐城丹顶鹤湿地自然保护区为例[J].经济地理,2005,25(5)：707-711,919.
[185]杨秀平,翁钢民,赵本谦. 基于层次分析法的旅游资源综合评价方法与应用研究[J].国土资源与科技.2005,22(4)：104-107.
[186]刘勇,韩泰凡.基于层次分析法的绵山旅游资源评价与可持续发展对策[J]. 经济地理,2006,26(2)：346-348,352.
[187]QIU Xiaowen, LAN Siren. Research on the index system of the adaptability evaluation on forest tourism product[J]. Journal of Nanping Teachers College.2004,23(3):84-88.
[188]胡晓寒,党志良,马飞等.层次分析法在水库景区规划中的应用[J].国土资源与科技.2004,21(2)：30-33.
[189]风景名胜区规划规范[S].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2001
[190]申葆嘉.关于旅游发展规划的几个问题[J].旅游学刊,1995,10(4)：34-38.
[191]Mieczkowski Z.1995, Environmental issues of tourism and recreation[M].. University Press of America, Inc., Lanham.
[192]吴必虎.区域旅游规划原理[M].北京：中国旅游出版社,2001.
[193]Eymann A. Microeconometric models of tourist destination choice[J]. Regional Science and Urban Economics,1997,27:735-761.
[194]Eymann A. Ronning G. Discrete choice analysis of foreign travel demand[J]. European Integration and the World Economy,1992,641-664.
[195]Rugg D. The choice of journey destination:a theoretical and empirical analysis[J]. Review of Economics and Statistics,1973,55:64-72.
[196]Papatheodorou A. Why people travel to different places[J].Annals of Tourism Research, 2001,28:164-179.
[197]Haider W, Ewing G. A model of tourist choices of hypothetical Caribbean destinations[J]. LeisureSciences,1990,1(1):33-47.
[198]Koppelman S F. Consumer analysis of travel choic. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 1980,14(2):133-159.
[199]Seddighi H R, Theocahrous A L. A model of tourism destination choice:a theoretical and empirical analysis[J]. Tourism Management,2002,23:475-487.
[200]Um S, Lcrompton J. Attitude determinants in tourism destination choice[J]. Annals of Tourism Research,1990,17:432-448.
[201]Huybers T. Domestic tourism destination choices:a choice modeling analysis[J]. Journal of Tourism Research.2003,5:445-459.
[202]沈涵.游客的旅游地选择与购买决策模型分析[J].旅游学刊,2005,20(3)：43-47.
[203]毛端谦,张捷,包浩生.基于Lancaster特性理论的旅游目的地选择模式——理论分析与江西省旅游客流的实证研究[J].地理研究,2005,24(6)：992-999.
[204]吴必虎,唐俊雅,黄安民等.中国城市居民旅游目的地选择行为研究[J].地理学报1997,52(2)：97-102.
[205]赵毅,蔡洁.区域旅游规划产品开发研究——以重庆市江北区旅游规划为例[J].经济地理,2005,25(6)：920-923.
[206]许春晓.旅游规划产品设计“双筛法”研究[J].旅游学刊,2003,18(1)：27-30.
[207]吕本勋,杜靖川.旅游产品规划新方法“漏斗法”——兼与许春晓同志商榷[J].旅游科学,2005,19(5)：46-50.
[208]张福庆.森林旅游资源利用研究[J].中国工程咨询,2007,8(3)：25-27
[209]张福庆.论江西省重点投资项目储备库管理机制[J].企业经济,2004.25(3)：112-115.
[210]张福庆.以科学发展观统领投资项目前期工作[J].价格月刊,2004.25(8)：9.
[211]张福庆.基于生态理念的省城投资建设政策措施[J].价格月刊,2005.26(6)：16-17.
[212]张福庆,胡雅萍.江西森林旅游业投资建设问题与对策研究[J].中国工程咨询,2006,7(11)：19-21.
[213]杨桂华,钟林生,明庆忠.生态旅游[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2000.
[214]张福庆.生态旅游资源开发建设绩效考核评价研究[J].中南林学院学报,2006,4(4)：23-26.
[215]熊冬平,张秋根,万承永.发展江西森林旅游的思路[J].江西林业科技,2003,31(4)：16-18.
[216]俞晖.21世纪中国森林旅游业发展战略研究[J].江西林业科技,2003,31(4)：16-18.