低出生体重与青少年（17～22岁）心血管发病危险因素的相关研究
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摘要
目的:探讨低出生体重因素与青少年(17～22岁)心血管发病危险因素的相关性,为青少年心血管疾病的早期预防提供依据。
方法:根据低出生体重与青少年心血管疾病发病相关性指标的分析,采集盐城地区青少年(17～22岁)的母亲妊娠期影响因素及新生儿出生情况等信息,回顾性分析盐城地区低出生体重的发生率及其相关因素;测量被调查对象的身高、体重、血压、心率等指标,确定实验组和对照组,测定血液生化、心电图、心脏超声检测心功能,放免法测定相关激素含量,统计分析实验组与对照组各指标间的差异。
结果:研究分析显示,1055名青少年(17～22岁)中低体重发生率为11.1%,低出生体重是由于遗传因素和环境因素的交互作用所致;不同性别调查对象间体重、体质指数、血压及心率水平比较无显著性差异。调查研究结果统计分析显示:(1)体重及体质指数两组比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05);(2)收缩压、舒张压及心率水平,实验组显著高于对照组(P<0.01),血压升高的趋势男性大于女性;(3)生化指标检测:实验组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平低于对照组,有统计学意义(P<0.05),实验组直接胆红素水平显著性低于对照组(P<0.05),实验组谷丙转氨酶水平、血糖水平显著性高于对照组(P<0.05)。总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆红素、总蛋白、白蛋白、碱性磷酸酶、乳酸脱氢酶、r-谷氨酰转移酶、谷草转氨酶、尿素氮、尿酸、载脂蛋白平均水平实验组与对照组间无显著性差异;(4)心脏超声检测各项指标两组间比较均无显著性差异;(5)相关激素水平测定:实验组胰岛素(INS)水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01),促卵泡生成素(FSH)水平显著性低于对照组(P<0.05),其余指标两组间比较无统计学意义。
结论:盐城地区青少年(17～22岁)中低出生体重发生率为11.1%;低出生体重可增加青少年心血管疾病的患病风险,且男性高于女性。心血管疾病的防治工作应从胎儿时期抓起。
Aim: Previous studies have demonstrated that in utero growth restriction can cause long-term effects in cardiovascular systems in the offspring. The present study determined the correlation between low birth weight (LBW) and cardiovascular risks in the teen-age.
Method: Subjects: male and female teen-ages (17～22 year-old) in Yancheng area. The total teen-age boys and girls is this study was 1055. Their height, body weight, blood pressure, heart rate were measured. Among them, 20 teen-ages with LBW history and other 20 with normal birth weight history were randomly selected, and divided into two groups (the LBW group and the control group). The teenage in both groups were further examined for their blood values, plasma hormones, electrocardiogram, and cardiac ultrasound. Difference was analyzed between the experiment group and control group.
Result: The retrospective survey showed that the low body weight rate in the teen-ages examined was 11.1%. There was no significant difference in body weight, blood pressure and heart rate level of different sex investigated object. The results are:(1) No significant difference for the body weight and the physique index between the control and experimental (the LBW) groups (P>0.05); (2) Systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure were higher in the LBW groups than that in the control group (P<0.05 and 0.01, respectively); (3) Compared to the control, plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were higher, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in the LBW group,but no significant difference for others; (4) There was no distinctive difference in the cardiac ultrasound examination; (5) Plasma insulin level was significantly higher in the LBW group than that in the control group (P<0.01).
Conclusion: In Yancheng area, cardiovascular risks, including blood pressure, TC, and INS, in the low birth weight juvenile’s (17～22 years old) were significantly higher. The results indicate that in utero influence that caused LBW may induce imprinting effects in the offspring, and programming in fetal origins may impact on cardiovascular systems in development of adult diseases.
方法:根据低出生体重与青少年心血管疾病发病相关性指标的分析,采集盐城地区青少年(17～22岁)的母亲妊娠期影响因素及新生儿出生情况等信息,回顾性分析盐城地区低出生体重的发生率及其相关因素;测量被调查对象的身高、体重、血压、心率等指标,确定实验组和对照组,测定血液生化、心电图、心脏超声检测心功能,放免法测定相关激素含量,统计分析实验组与对照组各指标间的差异。
结果:研究分析显示,1055名青少年(17～22岁)中低体重发生率为11.1%,低出生体重是由于遗传因素和环境因素的交互作用所致;不同性别调查对象间体重、体质指数、血压及心率水平比较无显著性差异。调查研究结果统计分析显示:(1)体重及体质指数两组比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05);(2)收缩压、舒张压及心率水平,实验组显著高于对照组(P<0.01),血压升高的趋势男性大于女性;(3)生化指标检测:实验组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平低于对照组,有统计学意义(P<0.05),实验组直接胆红素水平显著性低于对照组(P<0.05),实验组谷丙转氨酶水平、血糖水平显著性高于对照组(P<0.05)。总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆红素、总蛋白、白蛋白、碱性磷酸酶、乳酸脱氢酶、r-谷氨酰转移酶、谷草转氨酶、尿素氮、尿酸、载脂蛋白平均水平实验组与对照组间无显著性差异;(4)心脏超声检测各项指标两组间比较均无显著性差异;(5)相关激素水平测定:实验组胰岛素(INS)水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01),促卵泡生成素(FSH)水平显著性低于对照组(P<0.05),其余指标两组间比较无统计学意义。
结论:盐城地区青少年(17～22岁)中低出生体重发生率为11.1%;低出生体重可增加青少年心血管疾病的患病风险,且男性高于女性。心血管疾病的防治工作应从胎儿时期抓起。
Aim: Previous studies have demonstrated that in utero growth restriction can cause long-term effects in cardiovascular systems in the offspring. The present study determined the correlation between low birth weight (LBW) and cardiovascular risks in the teen-age.
Method: Subjects: male and female teen-ages (17～22 year-old) in Yancheng area. The total teen-age boys and girls is this study was 1055. Their height, body weight, blood pressure, heart rate were measured. Among them, 20 teen-ages with LBW history and other 20 with normal birth weight history were randomly selected, and divided into two groups (the LBW group and the control group). The teenage in both groups were further examined for their blood values, plasma hormones, electrocardiogram, and cardiac ultrasound. Difference was analyzed between the experiment group and control group.
Result: The retrospective survey showed that the low body weight rate in the teen-ages examined was 11.1%. There was no significant difference in body weight, blood pressure and heart rate level of different sex investigated object. The results are:(1) No significant difference for the body weight and the physique index between the control and experimental (the LBW) groups (P>0.05); (2) Systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure were higher in the LBW groups than that in the control group (P<0.05 and 0.01, respectively); (3) Compared to the control, plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were higher, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in the LBW group,but no significant difference for others; (4) There was no distinctive difference in the cardiac ultrasound examination; (5) Plasma insulin level was significantly higher in the LBW group than that in the control group (P<0.01).
Conclusion: In Yancheng area, cardiovascular risks, including blood pressure, TC, and INS, in the low birth weight juvenile’s (17～22 years old) were significantly higher. The results indicate that in utero influence that caused LBW may induce imprinting effects in the offspring, and programming in fetal origins may impact on cardiovascular systems in development of adult diseases.
引文
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