用户名: 密码: 验证码:
姜曲海猪瘦肉型品种培育过程中辅助选择标记的探索研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
本研究以姜益海猪瘦肉型新品种两基础亲本猪为试验材料,对45个10碱基寡聚核苷酸随机引物进行RAPD扩增,用两亲本群体池DNA对引物进行筛选,各群体个体基因组DNA进行全面试验,用于姜曲海猪亲本的群体遗传变异程度分析,同时利用广义线性模型(GLM)分析部分多态性RAPD标记与两基础亲本猪日增重、背膘厚及肉品质的关系。另外,本论文还采用放射免疫分析法(RIA)对同批试验材料的血清进行激素(生长激素和甲状腺素)浓度测定,研究它们与两基础亲本猪日增重、背膘厚的相关性。结果表明:
     1.姜曲海猪瘦肉型新品种基础亲本猪80日龄生长激素水平与背膘厚存在极显著的负相关(P<0.01),与日增重有显著的正相关(P<0.05),甲状腺素与生产性能之间未见显著相关。
     2.本试验中11个随机引物计算得到的群体平均条带共享率、平均遗传多样性指数,反映的姜曲海猪瘦肉型新品种两基础亲本猪杜枫姜猪和杜杜枫姜猪的遗传变异程度和实际选育情况一致,杜枫姜猪与杜杜枫姜猪间平均条带共享率和平均遗传多样性指数均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。
     3.S152引物的两条多态性条带(分子量分别为1470bp和1535bp)组合,S19引物的一条多态性条带的有、无(分子量为892bp)均对姜曲海猪瘦肉型新品种两基础亲本猪的生产性能有显著影响,其中S152引物的S152A组合(两条带均存在)和S152B组合(快带有、慢带无)对平均日增重、熟肉率、肉色均有显著的正向效应(P<0.05),对背膘厚、失水率均存在显著的负向效应(P<0.05)。可用于标记辅助选择。
In order to reveal the population genetic variation and the correlations between RAPD markers and daily weight gain, backfat thickness, meat quality in Jiangquhai porcine lean strain. Random amplified polymorphic DNA was used with 45 arbitrary 10-mer oligonucleotide primers to assess population genetic variation, GLM (general linear model)was used to find out the correlations between polymorphic RAPD markers and production performance. In addition, RIA(radio immuno analysis) was used to mensurate hormone consistency, for example, Growth Hormone and thyroxine. So that we could study the correlations between them and production performance in Jiangquhai porcine. The main results were as follows:
    The consistency of Growth Hormone have a significant positive correlation with daily weight gain(P<0.05), and have a extremely significant negative correlation with backfat thickness of Jiangquhai porcine lean strain(P<0.01). Thyroxine have no significant correlation with production performance.
    The average of band sharing frequency(BSF) and the coefficient of genetic diversity(H) reflect the genetic variation level and the real selection condition of Jiangquhai porcine. The average of BSF of Dufengjiang is significant less than that of Dudufengjiang(P<0.05), the average of H is on the contrary.
    There are significant influence on some production performance among the combination of two polymorphic bands from arbitrary primer S152(the bands M.W. is 1470 and 1535 respectivly) and between one polymorphic band of arbitrary primer S19 have and have not. The S152 arbitrary primer bands combination S152A(the two polymorphic bands were all appear in RAPD fingerprinting), S152B(only the band with the M.W. 1470 is appear in RAPD fingerprinting) have significant positive model effect on the average daily weight gain, cooked meat percentage and meat color, and have significant negative model effect on backfat thickness and water loss percentage in Jiangquhai porcine. It indicated that the band combinations may be applied to selection in marker-assisted selection.
引文
1. Welsh J, Mecelland M. Fingerprinting genomes using PCR with arbitrary primers. NUCL. Acids Res. 1990,18:7213-7218.
    2. Williams JG, Kubelik AR, Livak J, et al. DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. NUCL. Acids Res., 1990,18(22):6531-6535.
    3. Mats Hansen , Christer Hallden, al. Marker-assisted selection of restored male-fertile Brassica napus plants using a set of dominant RAPD markers. Molecular Breeding, 1997,3:449-456.
    4. Edwards MD. Page. NJ. Evaluation of Marker-assisted selection through computer simulation, Theor Appl. Genet., 1994,88:326-382.
    5. Hospital F. Chevalel C. Mulsant P. Using Markers in gene intogressions breeding programmes, Genetics, 1992,132:1199-1210.
    6.谢新民,施启顺等.猪的平均日增瘦肉量RAPD标记的筛选,湖南农业大学学报,1998,24(2):143-147.
    7.李祥龙,田庆义等.青龙本地山羊随机扩增多态性DNA与体重体尺相关性研究,黑龙江畜牧兽医,1999,9:3-4.
    8.王金玉,龚允陈,陈国宏,陈宽维.鸡的DNA指纹与屠宰性能的相关性研究,遗传学报,1999,26(4):324-328.
    9.赵凯,张周平等.用RAPD标记选配猪杂交组合的研究,中国畜牧杂志,2001,37(2):17-19.
    10.周俊玲,彭中镇等.二花脸猪和杜洛克猪的RAPD分析,畜牧兽医学报,1998,29(5):385-391.
    11.常青,周开亚等.野猪和几种家猪亲缘关系的RAPD分析,应用与环境生物学报,1999,5(4):382-386.
    12.熊文中,吴德等.生长激素对猪生长性能和胴体性状的影响,中国畜牧杂志,1999,35(1):24-26.
    13. Arbona JR. et al, 1988. J.Anim.Sci. 66:3068-3072.
    14. Kraetzl WD. et al, 1994. J.Anim. Physiol.& Anim.Nutri. ,71(1): 1-4.
    15.熊文中,杨凤等.外源生长激素对不同杂交肥育猪组织中生长激素水平的影响,畜牧兽医学报,2000,31(4):306-310.
    16.美国国家研究委员会。猪营养需要[S]。谯仕彦,郑春田,姜建阳等。中国农业
    
    大学出版社,1998。
    17.吴冠芸,王申五.1988,基因诊断,北京:人民卫生出版社,131-144.
    18.J 萨姆布鲁克等著,金冬雁,黎孟枫等译.分子克隆实验指导(第二版),北京:科学出版社,1998.
    19.宋成义.猪生长激素基因多态性及其与生产性能的关系,硕士学位论文,2000.
    20.陶勇.猪生长激素基因多态性与生产性能关系的研究,硕士学位论文,2001.
    21.戴国俊.RAPD标记与新扬州鸡群体遗传变异及早期生产性能的相关性研究,硕士学位论文,2000.
    22.邱荣斌,范光丽等.RAPD反应体系的研究,黑龙江畜牧兽医,2001,10:5-6.
    23.陈若雷,宋道军等.RAPD分子标记及其在作物遗传育种中的应用,生物学杂志,2000,8.17(4):32-34.
    24. Lynch M. The similarity index and DNA fingerprinting. MolBiol Evol. 1990,7:478-484.
    25. Lynch M. Analysis of population genetic structure by DNA fingerprinting. In: DNA Fingerprinting Approaches and Applications. Burke T, et al, ed. Basel , 1990, 80:113-126.
    26. Nei M. Molecular Evolutionary Genetics. Columbia University Press, New York, 1987.
    27. Wachira FN. Detection of genetic diversity in tea(Camellia Scinensis) using RAPD markers. Genome,1995, 38: 201-210.
    28.徐宁迎,傅衍等.家畜QTLs定位的常用统计方法,第十次全国动物数量遗传育种学术讨论会论文集,北京:中国农业出版社,1999.
    29.连林生,鲁绍雄.撒坝猪日增重生化遗传标记的筛选,云南农业大学学报,1999,14(4):391-395.
    30.胡良平主编,现代统计学与SAS应用,北京:军事医学科学出版社,1996.
    31.卢纹岱主编,SPSS for windows从入门到精通,电子工业出版社,1999.
    32.盛志廉等,数量遗传学,科学出版社。
    33. Althen G. K. et al.1976.J. Anim. Sci.,56: 2071~2075.
    34.孙镇平等,精编家畜生理学,北京:中国农业大学出版社,1997.
    35.韩雅莉.生物遗传多样性和系统学研究中的RAPD分析,内蒙古农牧学院学报,1999,20(2):1~4.
    
    
    36.李春丽,郑康乐.应用RAPD标记检测与水稻株高和抽穗有关的QTLs[J].遗传学报,1998,25(1):34~39.
    37.郝家胜,周开亚.中国鹅5个品种遗传多样性的随机扩增多态DNA分析.南京农业大学学报,2000,23(1):58~62.
    38.徐云碧,朱立煌.分子数量遗传学[M]_北京:中国农业大学出版社,1994.
    39.吕雪梅,杨关福等.蛋鸡品系RAPD变异及其与杂种优势关系的分析.遗传,1999,2:15~19.
    40.吴常信,张沅等,畜禽遗传育种的分子生物学基础研究—对我国农业重大基础研究项目的建议[J],中国畜牧杂志,1998,34(3):52~54.
    41.罗鹏,晏兆莉.RAPD技术及在遗传分析中的应用[J].西南民族学院学报,1995,24(1):94~99.
    42. Levin I. An autosomal genetic linkage map of the chicken[J].J.Heredity, 1994,85:78~85.
    43.胡刚安.鸡产肉性状基因位点的分子标记及效应分析[博士学位论文],四川农业大学牧医系,1997,6.
    44.任军,黄路生等.家猪随机扩增多态性DNA最佳反应体系的探讨.江西农业大学学报,1999,21(1):269~273.
    45.汪小全,邹喻苹等.RAPD应用于遗传多样性和系统学研究中的问题.植物学报.1996.38(12):954~962.
    46. Ren J., Huang L.S.,et al. The preliminary study on taxonomy of Chinese native pig populations using RAPD. Proceeding of ⅩⅩⅤⅠth International Conference on Animal Genetics, Auckland, New Zealand, 1998.
    47.张细权,吕雪梅等.用微卫星多态性和RAPD分析广东地方鸡种的群体遗传变异.遗传学报,1998,25(2):112~119.
    48.杨宁,严华祥,吴常信.用DNA指纹估计遗传变异的抽样统计研究.中国遗传育种研究-----第八次全国遗传育种学术讨论会论文集,1995,北京:中国农业出版社,291~294.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700