基于PRIC理论的图像信息技术研究
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摘要
本文利用PRIC(Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Control,模式识别与智能控制)面向外部环境信息实现机器直接感知并做出相应智能反映的技术特点,融合信息、计算机、控制、模糊数学等交叉学科开展以图像信息的识别为前提的复杂背景下目标识别与跟踪技术研究,并将其应用于军事领域。
文章在阐述图像识别基本理论的基础上提出多种有效识别算法及其实用技术。尤其是模糊加权的图像匹配方法,利用直方图的特性,引进数学中的模糊加权概念,显示各级量数在总量中所具有的重要程度,分别给予不同的级数;在相关匹配中,先对权重高的灰度值进行匹配,并运用模糊加权模板的思想来处理要匹配的现场图像,以获得二值化的稀疏矩阵,再以模糊加权模板将相关运算的乘法简化为稀疏矩阵的加法。
文章阐述,模糊加权的图像匹配方法能够使得整个识别过程不仅降低了运算量,而且对噪声污染具有较强的抗干扰性;同时,系统能够克服一般模板方法对环境亮度轻微变化而造成的匹配失误;并通过实验证明了模糊加权算法对NMI特征值能保持良好的稳定性,且优于灰度门限算法和边缘检测等算法。
为增强识别匹配的实用性,文章在给出模糊加权的NMI特性提取方法的同时,还提出了一种实用的复合图像识别匹配算法。该算法以模糊权重为二者的连接点,既降低了灰度匹配的计算量,又为NMI特征值计算寻找到了有效的方法。
针对本课题的应用技术背景,文章详尽介绍了PRIC在制导武器系统中的末制导寻的实用算法及其技术。对于当前图像匹配过程所采用的经典决策中特征空间尺度MAD、CF和CCF等算法的局限性难以实现复杂环境条件下目标图像的高准确率识别,提出一种目标图像匹配的模糊合成多维决策方法。该方法在增加运算量不多的情况下,可以大幅度提高对复杂背景下目标图像识别的准确率,因此使得该领域的研究向实用技术迈进一大步。同时通过变角度识别、远距逼近、遮挡目标等复杂环境实验测试,最终证实,本课题提出的系列算法具有优异的实用性和有效性。
最后,文章阐述了基于PRIC理论的图像信息技术拓展研究,以摄像机双目测量与图像形态学处理方法作为图像信息提取的另一重要手段以实现智能控制的三维形态目标。本文已经构建出能够进一步提高图像末制导武器识别能力和精度的三维信息工业软件平台。
The dissertation take good advantage of PRIC(Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Control)technology, which realize machine directly perceiving the external environment and make intelligent reflection. Its content involves information science, computer, control theory, fuzzy mathematics and so on. The whole disquisition study rapid target identification and tracking under the complex background based on the image information identification and apply into military domain.
Many effective image recognition algorithms and technologies are described in the article, based on a variety of basic theory and practical skills. Especially, the image matching based on fuzzy weight under complex background which uses histogram characteristics, introduces the weight mathematical concept to show importance degree in the total volume, and gives different progression. And putting forward in correlation, the high weight of the gray values matches first, then deal with the scene image using the weighted template to obtain sparse binary matrix, then simplifies the correlation operation multiplication as the sparse matrix addition.
The image matching based on fuzzy weight has not only reduced the operand, but inherited the correlation operation anti-jamming to the noise pollution. Simultaneously the introduction of fuzzy weighting has overcome the weighting template method which is easy to create matching fault to the slight environment brightness change. And fuzzy weighting algorithm proceeds than gradation threshold and edge detection in NMI characteristic value calculation, and has good robustness.
In order to strengthen the usability of recognition and matching, while the article produces the calculation of fuzzy weighting NMI characteristic, it also propose a novel practical method of compound image recognition matching algorithm which takes the fuzzy weight as the junction. On the one hand, it reduces the gradation match computation quantity, and on the other hand, it also provides an effective method to seek the NMI characteristic.
Aimed at the background of question for discussion, the thesis introduces the practicality algorithm and technique of PRIC used in terminal guidance homing adopted by control and guiding weapon system. The normally used methods to match images these years are MAD, CF, CCF, etc. However, all these classical characteristic space dimensions have their own limitations to be used under complicated background situations. In order to gain high matching-rate, this paper advances a multidimensional decision-making with composed fuzzy method to match images. This method can be used to make matching more accurately with little operation cost added, so as to promote the research in this area into practical techniques with a great step. Through a large numbers of experiment and testing in complex circumstance, such as variable pitch recognition, approaching, and blocking, approve that the series algorithms are excellent practical and effective.
Lastly, as image information technology based on PRIC theory development research, the paper pay attention to acquisition the image information, and take morphology image processing and binocular measuring technique as the important measure to realize the 3D configuration. In the article, image information software platform to improve the identification of image terminal guidance weapon has primarily composed.
文章在阐述图像识别基本理论的基础上提出多种有效识别算法及其实用技术。尤其是模糊加权的图像匹配方法,利用直方图的特性,引进数学中的模糊加权概念,显示各级量数在总量中所具有的重要程度,分别给予不同的级数;在相关匹配中,先对权重高的灰度值进行匹配,并运用模糊加权模板的思想来处理要匹配的现场图像,以获得二值化的稀疏矩阵,再以模糊加权模板将相关运算的乘法简化为稀疏矩阵的加法。
文章阐述,模糊加权的图像匹配方法能够使得整个识别过程不仅降低了运算量,而且对噪声污染具有较强的抗干扰性;同时,系统能够克服一般模板方法对环境亮度轻微变化而造成的匹配失误;并通过实验证明了模糊加权算法对NMI特征值能保持良好的稳定性,且优于灰度门限算法和边缘检测等算法。
为增强识别匹配的实用性,文章在给出模糊加权的NMI特性提取方法的同时,还提出了一种实用的复合图像识别匹配算法。该算法以模糊权重为二者的连接点,既降低了灰度匹配的计算量,又为NMI特征值计算寻找到了有效的方法。
针对本课题的应用技术背景,文章详尽介绍了PRIC在制导武器系统中的末制导寻的实用算法及其技术。对于当前图像匹配过程所采用的经典决策中特征空间尺度MAD、CF和CCF等算法的局限性难以实现复杂环境条件下目标图像的高准确率识别,提出一种目标图像匹配的模糊合成多维决策方法。该方法在增加运算量不多的情况下,可以大幅度提高对复杂背景下目标图像识别的准确率,因此使得该领域的研究向实用技术迈进一大步。同时通过变角度识别、远距逼近、遮挡目标等复杂环境实验测试,最终证实,本课题提出的系列算法具有优异的实用性和有效性。
最后,文章阐述了基于PRIC理论的图像信息技术拓展研究,以摄像机双目测量与图像形态学处理方法作为图像信息提取的另一重要手段以实现智能控制的三维形态目标。本文已经构建出能够进一步提高图像末制导武器识别能力和精度的三维信息工业软件平台。
The dissertation take good advantage of PRIC(Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Control)technology, which realize machine directly perceiving the external environment and make intelligent reflection. Its content involves information science, computer, control theory, fuzzy mathematics and so on. The whole disquisition study rapid target identification and tracking under the complex background based on the image information identification and apply into military domain.
Many effective image recognition algorithms and technologies are described in the article, based on a variety of basic theory and practical skills. Especially, the image matching based on fuzzy weight under complex background which uses histogram characteristics, introduces the weight mathematical concept to show importance degree in the total volume, and gives different progression. And putting forward in correlation, the high weight of the gray values matches first, then deal with the scene image using the weighted template to obtain sparse binary matrix, then simplifies the correlation operation multiplication as the sparse matrix addition.
The image matching based on fuzzy weight has not only reduced the operand, but inherited the correlation operation anti-jamming to the noise pollution. Simultaneously the introduction of fuzzy weighting has overcome the weighting template method which is easy to create matching fault to the slight environment brightness change. And fuzzy weighting algorithm proceeds than gradation threshold and edge detection in NMI characteristic value calculation, and has good robustness.
In order to strengthen the usability of recognition and matching, while the article produces the calculation of fuzzy weighting NMI characteristic, it also propose a novel practical method of compound image recognition matching algorithm which takes the fuzzy weight as the junction. On the one hand, it reduces the gradation match computation quantity, and on the other hand, it also provides an effective method to seek the NMI characteristic.
Aimed at the background of question for discussion, the thesis introduces the practicality algorithm and technique of PRIC used in terminal guidance homing adopted by control and guiding weapon system. The normally used methods to match images these years are MAD, CF, CCF, etc. However, all these classical characteristic space dimensions have their own limitations to be used under complicated background situations. In order to gain high matching-rate, this paper advances a multidimensional decision-making with composed fuzzy method to match images. This method can be used to make matching more accurately with little operation cost added, so as to promote the research in this area into practical techniques with a great step. Through a large numbers of experiment and testing in complex circumstance, such as variable pitch recognition, approaching, and blocking, approve that the series algorithms are excellent practical and effective.
Lastly, as image information technology based on PRIC theory development research, the paper pay attention to acquisition the image information, and take morphology image processing and binocular measuring technique as the important measure to realize the 3D configuration. In the article, image information software platform to improve the identification of image terminal guidance weapon has primarily composed.
引文
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