像素级图像融合及应用研究
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摘要
不同模态的医学图像都有优缺点,如果通过图像融合技术将CT、MRI图像的互补信息综合在一起,就能为医学诊断和治疗提供更加充分有效的信息依据。像素级图像融合能够提供其它层次上的融合处理所不具有的更丰富、更精确、更可靠的细节信息。本文以CT、MRI灰度图像为主要研究对象,在像素级上对医学图像融合方法与临床应用进行了深入研究。
不同的图像格式拥有不同的融合特性。选用常用的BMP、JPG、PNG图像格式,利用基于小波变换和基于非下采样Contourlet变换方法进行融合,详细研究了不同格式图像的融合性能。实验表明PNG格式图像可作为医学图像融合处理技术中的首要选择。
本文介绍了小波变换和多分辨率分析理论,详细分析了基于小波变换的医学图像融合算法的影响因素。研究了如何选取小波基以及寻找最佳分解层数;在此基础上,对各种融合规则组合的性能进行了详细对比分析。提出了低频能量取大,高频方差取大相结合的融合算法,比基于传统的低频平均,高频绝对值取大规则的融合质量及各项指标都有明显提高,进而又提出了低频能量取大,高频系数绝对值取大相结合的融合新算法,在各种算法比较中最优,并且验证了方法的有效性。
本文分析了非下采样Contourlet(Nonsubsampled Contourlet,NSCT)变换特点,通过优化滤波器组合,选取合适的分解层数,调整低频子带和高频子带融合规则等对NSCT变换图像融合算法的影响因素进行了深入讨论,比较了不同条件得到的融合结果,全面分析了各种因素对融合性能的影响。提出了低频子带区域能量取大,高频子带方差加权取大和绝对值取大相结合的融合算法,融合质量及各项指标都有明显提高,并验证了方法的有效性和普遍性。理论分析和实验结果证明:选取合适的滤波器组合,即使分解层数较少,方向数不大,配以合适的融合规则,就能够获得理想的融合效果,可有效减少融合算法的复杂度。
CT/MRI融合图像在临床中具有重要应用价值,但是由于CT/MRI图像扫描参数不一致,扫描获得的图像往往很难找到一致的体位,这给后续的图像配准和融合带来了很大的困难和不确定性。本文提出了基于外标记点的双机图像实时融合的新方法,开发了CT、MRI扫描工作站仿真系统。放射治疗计划系统的设计是医学融合图像应用的重要领域,也最能体现医学融合图像精度的应用价值。本文采用外标记点融合图像,研究并实现了基于融合图像的二维放射治疗计划系统。
该论文有图29幅,表22个,参考文献187篇。
There are different characters of images which have been achieved by different modalities. Combining relevant information in two images of CT and MRI into a single highly informative image can give much more effective information in clinical diagnosis and treat. The pixel-level image fusion can provide more abundant, accurate and reliable detail information than the fusion at feature-level or decision-level. An intensive research on the methods of CT and MRI grey image fusion and clinical application in pixel level has been made in this dissertation.
Different image formats influence the qualities of image fusion. Selecting common image formats such as BMP, JPG and PNG, fused images and objective evaluation criteria are achieved using wavelet transform firstly, and than the comparison experiments are done based on nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT). Simulation results show that PNG format is optimization in medical image fusion.
The author introduces the theory of the wavelet transform and multi-resolution analysis, and elaborates the influence factors of medical image fusion based on wavelet transform in this paper. The methods how to select the best wavelet function and decomposed level are given, and then the qualities of the algorithms based on wavelet transform have been analyzed and compared. Comparing the traditional wavelet transform algorithm adopting the“average”rule to low-frequency and the“coefficient absolute value”to high-frequency, an efficient fusion method is proposed which the“region energy”fusion rule is adapted to the low-frequency coefficients and the“region variance”fusion rule to the high-frequency coefficients. Then the further research has been made and the better algorithm which the“region energy”and the“coefficient absolute value”fusion rules are used as the low-frequency and the high-frequency coefficients individually has been introduced. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm of image fusion is effective.
The characters of the nonsubsampled contourlet transform(NSCT) are analyzed and the effects of image fusion using different filters,decomposing levels and fusion rules are deeply discussed. After a comparative analysis is carried out of the different classical fusion methods, an efficient fusion method comparing the traditional nonsubsampled contourlet transform algorithm is proposed which the“region energy”fusion rule is adapted to the low-frequency subband coefficients and the combining“region variance”with the“coefficient absolute value”fusion rules to the high-frequency directional subband coefficients. Experimental results show that choosing an appropriate combined filter and fusion rules can get a satisfying fusion result,with less decomposing levels and directional banks,which can reduce the fusion algorithms complexity effectively.
The fusion images of CT and MRI play an important role in clinical application. But it is big problem to verify the same level of the scanning images because of the different factors of CT and MRI. So it is very difficulty to be used in image matching and fusion. A new method of real-time image fusion of double machines based on tris-axes landmarks is proposed. As condition and powerful tools, two simulation systems of CT and MRI scanning workstation are realized. The designing of radiotherapy treatment plan system is the important application field and can embody the true value of image fusion. So the radiotherapy treatment plan system has been fulfilled based on 2D image fusion.
There are 29 images, 22 tables and 187 references in this thesis.
不同的图像格式拥有不同的融合特性。选用常用的BMP、JPG、PNG图像格式,利用基于小波变换和基于非下采样Contourlet变换方法进行融合,详细研究了不同格式图像的融合性能。实验表明PNG格式图像可作为医学图像融合处理技术中的首要选择。
本文介绍了小波变换和多分辨率分析理论,详细分析了基于小波变换的医学图像融合算法的影响因素。研究了如何选取小波基以及寻找最佳分解层数;在此基础上,对各种融合规则组合的性能进行了详细对比分析。提出了低频能量取大,高频方差取大相结合的融合算法,比基于传统的低频平均,高频绝对值取大规则的融合质量及各项指标都有明显提高,进而又提出了低频能量取大,高频系数绝对值取大相结合的融合新算法,在各种算法比较中最优,并且验证了方法的有效性。
本文分析了非下采样Contourlet(Nonsubsampled Contourlet,NSCT)变换特点,通过优化滤波器组合,选取合适的分解层数,调整低频子带和高频子带融合规则等对NSCT变换图像融合算法的影响因素进行了深入讨论,比较了不同条件得到的融合结果,全面分析了各种因素对融合性能的影响。提出了低频子带区域能量取大,高频子带方差加权取大和绝对值取大相结合的融合算法,融合质量及各项指标都有明显提高,并验证了方法的有效性和普遍性。理论分析和实验结果证明:选取合适的滤波器组合,即使分解层数较少,方向数不大,配以合适的融合规则,就能够获得理想的融合效果,可有效减少融合算法的复杂度。
CT/MRI融合图像在临床中具有重要应用价值,但是由于CT/MRI图像扫描参数不一致,扫描获得的图像往往很难找到一致的体位,这给后续的图像配准和融合带来了很大的困难和不确定性。本文提出了基于外标记点的双机图像实时融合的新方法,开发了CT、MRI扫描工作站仿真系统。放射治疗计划系统的设计是医学融合图像应用的重要领域,也最能体现医学融合图像精度的应用价值。本文采用外标记点融合图像,研究并实现了基于融合图像的二维放射治疗计划系统。
该论文有图29幅,表22个,参考文献187篇。
There are different characters of images which have been achieved by different modalities. Combining relevant information in two images of CT and MRI into a single highly informative image can give much more effective information in clinical diagnosis and treat. The pixel-level image fusion can provide more abundant, accurate and reliable detail information than the fusion at feature-level or decision-level. An intensive research on the methods of CT and MRI grey image fusion and clinical application in pixel level has been made in this dissertation.
Different image formats influence the qualities of image fusion. Selecting common image formats such as BMP, JPG and PNG, fused images and objective evaluation criteria are achieved using wavelet transform firstly, and than the comparison experiments are done based on nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT). Simulation results show that PNG format is optimization in medical image fusion.
The author introduces the theory of the wavelet transform and multi-resolution analysis, and elaborates the influence factors of medical image fusion based on wavelet transform in this paper. The methods how to select the best wavelet function and decomposed level are given, and then the qualities of the algorithms based on wavelet transform have been analyzed and compared. Comparing the traditional wavelet transform algorithm adopting the“average”rule to low-frequency and the“coefficient absolute value”to high-frequency, an efficient fusion method is proposed which the“region energy”fusion rule is adapted to the low-frequency coefficients and the“region variance”fusion rule to the high-frequency coefficients. Then the further research has been made and the better algorithm which the“region energy”and the“coefficient absolute value”fusion rules are used as the low-frequency and the high-frequency coefficients individually has been introduced. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm of image fusion is effective.
The characters of the nonsubsampled contourlet transform(NSCT) are analyzed and the effects of image fusion using different filters,decomposing levels and fusion rules are deeply discussed. After a comparative analysis is carried out of the different classical fusion methods, an efficient fusion method comparing the traditional nonsubsampled contourlet transform algorithm is proposed which the“region energy”fusion rule is adapted to the low-frequency subband coefficients and the combining“region variance”with the“coefficient absolute value”fusion rules to the high-frequency directional subband coefficients. Experimental results show that choosing an appropriate combined filter and fusion rules can get a satisfying fusion result,with less decomposing levels and directional banks,which can reduce the fusion algorithms complexity effectively.
The fusion images of CT and MRI play an important role in clinical application. But it is big problem to verify the same level of the scanning images because of the different factors of CT and MRI. So it is very difficulty to be used in image matching and fusion. A new method of real-time image fusion of double machines based on tris-axes landmarks is proposed. As condition and powerful tools, two simulation systems of CT and MRI scanning workstation are realized. The designing of radiotherapy treatment plan system is the important application field and can embody the true value of image fusion. So the radiotherapy treatment plan system has been fulfilled based on 2D image fusion.
There are 29 images, 22 tables and 187 references in this thesis.
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