决策支持系统模型管理研究
摘要
模型管理是决策支持系统研究的重点，也是决策支持系统走向实用和成功的关键。灵活实用的模型管理方式对辅助决策者理解复杂的实际问题、选用合适的模型、提高决策的有效性具有十分重要的意义。
本文的研究工作可以分为两部分，第一部分是对模型管理系统的研究探讨，构造了一个通用的模型管理系统的框架；第二部分是将模型管理系统应用于实际的设备维修管理决策支持系统的开发。
全文主要内容如下：
1．模型表示是整个模型管理的基础。本文提出一种新的面向对象的模型描述方式，将模型、数据、方法统一作为对象进行处理，有效解决了模型与方法、模型与数据不匹配的问题，实现了模型的重用。同时，采用统一建模语言UML来表示模型，使得系统的分析、设计和实现紧密结合，实现系统开发过程的无缝化。
2．提出了一种新的模型字典的结构，将模型的环境信息引入模型字典中。帮助决策者更好地理解和选择模型，并更好地组织和管理模型。
3．模型的选择和模型的组合是模型管理的重点内容。本文提出了一个通用的模型管理系统的框架，并改进了Liang的模型生成算法，使之能够更好地适应面向对象模型管理系统的要求。
4．以一个设备维修管理决策支持系统为例，详细论述模型管理系统的构造，实现了系统的原型。首先介绍了设备管理中面临的决策问题，构造了相应的模型体系；然后提出了系统的总体结构，应用UML进行了系统的分析、设计和实现；最后探讨了系统实现的两个关键技术：数据抽取和模型选择。
Model management is one of the key elements of DSSs (Decision Support
Systems). A flexible and effective model management system will do a great favor to
decision makers, such as helping users to understand comple tasks selecting
appropriate models and improving the effective of decisions.
This dissertation is divided into two parts. The first part aims a designing an
prototype of MMS (Model Management System), while the second part aims at
putting the MMS into real practice.
Following is the main idea of this paper:
1. Propounds a new object-oriented representation of models. Solves the
mismatching between models and methods, and between n, sels and data
Implements the reusability of models. Uses UML (the Unified Modeling Language)
to represent models, which can be considered as a real unified representation of
models in DSS in future.
2. Proposes a new structure of model base dictionary. Adds the nfoniation of
decision scenarios into it. Helps decision makers to select and understand models
more conveniently.
3. Discusses the model selection and model integration. Improves Liangs
algorithm of model formulation to meet the needs of object-oriented model
management.
4. Designs and implements a prototype of maintenance decision support system.
Discusses problems of plant maintenance and gives its optimization models. Uses
UML to analysis and design the proposed DSS and identifies the mair. functional
modules. Discusses data collection and model selection, which are th kaspects of
the system.
本文的研究工作可以分为两部分，第一部分是对模型管理系统的研究探讨，构造了一个通用的模型管理系统的框架；第二部分是将模型管理系统应用于实际的设备维修管理决策支持系统的开发。
全文主要内容如下：
1．模型表示是整个模型管理的基础。本文提出一种新的面向对象的模型描述方式，将模型、数据、方法统一作为对象进行处理，有效解决了模型与方法、模型与数据不匹配的问题，实现了模型的重用。同时，采用统一建模语言UML来表示模型，使得系统的分析、设计和实现紧密结合，实现系统开发过程的无缝化。
2．提出了一种新的模型字典的结构，将模型的环境信息引入模型字典中。帮助决策者更好地理解和选择模型，并更好地组织和管理模型。
3．模型的选择和模型的组合是模型管理的重点内容。本文提出了一个通用的模型管理系统的框架，并改进了Liang的模型生成算法，使之能够更好地适应面向对象模型管理系统的要求。
4．以一个设备维修管理决策支持系统为例，详细论述模型管理系统的构造，实现了系统的原型。首先介绍了设备管理中面临的决策问题，构造了相应的模型体系；然后提出了系统的总体结构，应用UML进行了系统的分析、设计和实现；最后探讨了系统实现的两个关键技术：数据抽取和模型选择。
Model management is one of the key elements of DSSs (Decision Support
Systems). A flexible and effective model management system will do a great favor to
decision makers, such as helping users to understand comple tasks selecting
appropriate models and improving the effective of decisions.
This dissertation is divided into two parts. The first part aims a designing an
prototype of MMS (Model Management System), while the second part aims at
putting the MMS into real practice.
Following is the main idea of this paper:
1. Propounds a new object-oriented representation of models. Solves the
mismatching between models and methods, and between n, sels and data
Implements the reusability of models. Uses UML (the Unified Modeling Language)
to represent models, which can be considered as a real unified representation of
models in DSS in future.
2. Proposes a new structure of model base dictionary. Adds the nfoniation of
decision scenarios into it. Helps decision makers to select and understand models
more conveniently.
3. Discusses the model selection and model integration. Improves Liangs
algorithm of model formulation to meet the needs of object-oriented model
management.
4. Designs and implements a prototype of maintenance decision support system.
Discusses problems of plant maintenance and gives its optimization models. Uses
UML to analysis and design the proposed DSS and identifies the mair. functional
modules. Discusses data collection and model selection, which are th kaspects of
the system.
引文
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第二章
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第三章
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第四章
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[2] 弗雷斯特．帕特，肯．帕蒂，朗．摩尔．可靠性维修基本原理-工业管理的未来，设备管理与维修，1994，(2)：33—35
[3] 赵伟，王苏平．民航重组凸现利润源泉．21世纪经济管理，2001，12，24
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[10] 方淑芬，吕文元．设备维修管理智能决策支持系统的研究[J]．系统工程理论与实践，2001，21(12)：53—59
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[12] 张新梅，张柳．CIMS集成环境下企业设备更新决策[J]．机械科学与技术，2000，19(3)：508-509
[13] 李德源，杨华龙．现代设备经济管理．人民交通出版社，2000
[14] 吴洪波．设备管理决策支持系统设计[J]．中国管理科学，1999，7(2)：51—56
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[3] 高洪深．决策支持系统(DSS)--理论、方法、案例(第二版)．清华大 学出版社，2000
[4] Scott Mortoon, M.S. Management Decision Systems: Computer Based Support for Decision Making, Division of Research, Harvard University, Cambridge Mass. 1971
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[6] Bonczek R.H Holsapple C.W. and Winston A.B.,Foundations of Decision Support Systems. Academic Press, 1981．
[7] Pomerol J. Ch. Cognition and decision: about some recent results in neurobiology. Rapport LAFORIA 97/5, 1997．
[8] Sprague R.H. and Caisson E.D. Building effective decision support systems. Prentice Hall, 1982．
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第三章
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