用户名: 密码: 验证码:
东海岛屿黄土与下蜀黄土古环境信息研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
黄土沉积是陆地上良好的古环境信息载体。长期以来,我国黄土研究者对黄河中游地区的黄土,长江中下游地区的下蜀黄土进行了较为系统和全面的深入研究。目前,下蜀黄土与黄河中游地区的黄土同为风尘沉积已经成为众多研究者的共识。在西部黄土研究中,能够反映黄土沉积时期气候变化的各项指标在下蜀黄土研究中也得到了广泛的应用。晚更新世时期,粉尘堆积几乎遍布了东海近海陆架地区,东海岛屿上存在的黄土地层与下蜀黄土一样,同为我国风尘沉积的一个体系。岛屿黄土地层分布在我国的海陆交界地带,敏感地记录了冬夏季风的变迁,将西部黄土研究中的粒度、磁化率以及地球化学指标应用于东海岛屿黄土研究并反映冬夏季风的波动具有重要意义。本文通过对下蜀黄土泰山新村剖面、东海嵊山岛、浪岗山岛屿黄土系统的粒度分析、磁性分析、地球化学分析、以及成壤作用分析,并进行对比,揭示东海岛屿黄土沉积时期的环境变迁以及沉积模式。
     本项研究的主要成果和认识包括以下几方面:
     1.通过粒度测试分析,下蜀黄土,东海嵊山岛黄土砂粒,粉砂,粘粒组成符合中国黄土的地带性规律。嵊山岛黄土的粘粒平均含量达到34.8%,物质组成中高空西风气流携带的细小风尘物质占有较大的比重,并且经历了比西部黄土更强的成壤作用。浪岗山黄土砂粒平均含量为13.87%,接收了较多的近源风尘物质。
     2.嵊山岛黄土磁性矿物含量较少,剖面上部约60cm以不完整反铁磁性矿物为主,经历了较强的成壤作用,剖面中部(-60~-200cm)以稳定单畴磁性颗粒对磁化率贡献最大,下部(-200~-260cm)则是多畴和超顺磁颗粒共存。浪岗山黄土对磁化率贡献较大的是多畴磁性颗粒。下蜀黄土含有较多的磁性矿物,决定磁化率变化趋势的是磁性矿物的晶粒大小,稳定单畴磁性颗粒含量决定了古土壤层磁化率的波动趋势,在黄土层中,则是多畴颗粒对磁化率的贡献较大。
     3.经过CBD的处理,嵊山岛黄土的磁化率值平均降低80%,浪岗山黄土平均降低了67%,下蜀黄土泰山新村剖面黄土降低范围在84%~89%之间。嵊山岛黄土中磁性矿物因淋滤作用发生转化,且黄土中近源物质含量占有一定比例,因此CBD溶解的矿物所占比例与西北黄土相差不大。对比CBD处理前后其他磁性参数可以发现,CBD处理溶解的磁性晶粒不仅仅是超顺磁晶粒,可能还溶解了相当一部分稳定单畴甚至假单畴范围内的磁性晶粒。经过CBD处理以后的磁性颗粒以多畴为主。处理以后的黄土磁化率值由我国西北地区向东南逐渐递减,符合风力模拟试验中粉尘的变异规律。本文推断CBD处理后的磁化率值代表了原始粉尘中磁性矿物的含量多少和矿物组合特征。
     4.对粉尘物质风力分异简单模拟试验发现,随着距离的大幅度增加,重力分异作用逐渐明显,短距离能出现较大分异的粒级是粗粉砂。随着搬运距离的增加,
Systemic and overall researches are made on the loess,which is one kind of good carrier of paleo-environmental information of land,distributed on Loess Plateau Northwest China and on the hills in west of Yangtze Delta which named Xiashu Loess. It has been an agreement that loess on Plateau is the sediment of aeolian dust and so with Xiashu Loess. All of the proxies which are used in the research of loess distributed in Northwest China to reflect the variation of paleoclimate have been widely used in the research of Xiashu Loess. Hard Clay distributed under the plain in east part of Yangtze Delta and the loess covered on the Shengshan Islands which locates in East China Sea were found that they were the same kind of aeolian sediments deposited in late Pleistocene by Prof.Zheng XM. For the reason of thin stratum and the great effects made by contemporary environment, it is an valuable research whether the proxies which are widely used in northwest to reflect paleoclimatal fluctuations could be used in the loess research successfully in this area. Paleo-environmental changes and the sedimentary mode of loess on islands are discussed in this paper and compared with the profile of Taishan New village on the proxies of grain size, magnetism,geo-chemistry and pedogenesis.
    Results and acknowledgements of this paper include five aspects as follows: 1.Through the analysis of experimental outcome of grain size , it's confirmed that the three profiles have the same components carried by wind which consistent with the rule of belt distribution about Loess in China except loess on Langgangshan Islands. The clay content of Xiashu Loess and Loess on islands is higher than that in Northwest China, which indicates that primary components of Xiashu loess and loess on islands are the fine particles carried by westerlies and fine partiles formed by pedogenesis. Being the concentration of sand in Langgangshan loess is 13.81%,which is even higher than that in loess distributed in Northwest China, the loess on Langgangshan Islands including much dust nearby are confirmed.
    2.The content of magnetic minerals of loess on Shengshan Island is less comparatively. The top part about 60cm thickness of the profile contains more anti-ferromagnetic minerals which indicates the violent pedogenesis and weathering. Concentration of stable singe domain (SSD) magnetic minerals
引文
1.安芷生,王俊达,李华梅.洛川黄土剖面的古地磁研究.地球化学1977,(4):239~249.
    2.安芷生.季风与最近13万年黄土高原的气候历史.黄土.第四纪地质.全球变化(第二集)。北京:科学出版社,1989.
    3.安芷生,Porter S C,Kukla G等.最近130ka黄土高原季风变迁的磁化率证据.科学通报,1990,35 (7):529~532.
    4.安芷生,吴锡浩,汪品先等.最近130ka中国的古季风—古季风记录.中国科学(B辑),1991,34(10):1076~1081.
    5.安芷生,Porter S C,Chappell J等,最近130ka洛川黄土堆积序列与格陵兰冰芯记录.科学通报,1994,39 (24):2254~2256.
    6.安芷生,刘晓东.东亚季风气候的历史与变率.科学通报,2000,45(3)238~249.
    7.曹家欣,李培英,石宁.山东庙岛群岛的黄土.中国科学(B辑),1987,2(10):1116~1124.
    8.曹希强.东海浪岗山岛屿风尘沉积环境信息.华东师范大学硕士毕业论文,2005.
    9.成都地质学院陕北队.沉积岩(物)粒度分析及其应用.北京:地质出版社,1976:90~100.
    10.邓成龙,袁宝印,朱日祥.陕西交道全新世黄土-(?)垆土磁化率的CBD研究.地球物理学报,2000(43),4:505~514.
    11.刁桂仪.黄土中游离氧化铁的古气候意义.地质地球化学,1982 (9):58~59.
    12.刁桂仪,文启忠.渭南黄土剖面碳酸盐和铁变化的古气候记录.地球化学,1995,24(增刊):75~82.
    13.刁桂仪.山东黄土中的CaCO_3和REE.地质地球化学,1992 (2):62~64.
    14.刁桂仪,文启忠,吴明清等.黄河中游马兰黄土中若干微量元素的平均含量及相关性研究.海洋地质与第四纪地质,1996,16 (2):85~92.
    15.丁喜桂,叶思源,高宗军.粒度分析理论技术进展及其应用.世界地质,2005,(24) 2:203~207.
    16.丁仲礼.250万年来的37个旋回.科学通报,1989,19 (34):1494~1496.
    17.丁仲礼,任剑璋,杨石岭等.最后两个冰期旋回季风-沙漠系统不稳定性的高分辨率黄土记录.第四纪研究,1991 (1):49~58a.
    18.丁仲礼,余志伟,刘东生.中国黄土研究新进展—时间标尺.第四纪研究,1991,(4):336~347b.19.丁仲礼,任剑璋.晚更新世季风—沙漠系统千年尺度的不规则变化及其机制问题.中国科学(D辑),1996,26 (5):387~391.
    20.丁仲礼,孙继敏,余志伟等.黄土高原过去130ka来的古气候事件年表.科学通报,1998,43 (6):567~574.
    21.董光荣.晚更新世以来我国北方沙漠地区的气候变化.第四纪研究,1990,(3):214~222.
    22.多洛雷斯.派潘诺.植硅石分析——在考古学和地质学中的应用,北京:北京大学出版社,1994,1~150.
    23.方小敏.青藏高原东部边缘及邻区马兰黄土成因与来源初步研究.中国科学(D辑),1994,24 (5):539~546.
    24.方小敏,李吉均,BanerjeeSK等.末次间冰期5e亚阶段夏季风快速变化的环境岩石学研究.科学通报,1998,43 (21):2330~2332.
    25.耿秀山.中国晚更新世以来的海水进退,海洋学报,1981,3 (1):114~130.
    26.龚子同,陈鸿昭,刘良梧.中国古土壤与第四纪环境.土壤学报,1989 (26),4:379~387.
    27.顾兆炎,韩家楸,刘东生.中国第四纪黄土地球化学研究进展.第四纪研究,2000 (20),1:41~45.
    28.郭正堂,刘东生.最后两个冰期黄土记录的Heinrich型气候节拍.第四纪研究,1996 (1):132~138.
    29.郝青振,郭正堂.1.2Ma以来黄土-古土壤序列风化成壤的定量化研究与东亚夏季风演化.中国科学(D),2001,31 (6):520~528.
    30.H.布拉特,G.V.米德顿,R.C.穆雷.沉积岩成因.北京:科学出版社,1981,181.
    31.何良彪.海洋沉积岩芯中粘土矿物变化与古气候变迁的关系.科学通报,1982,27 (13):809~812.
    32.胡刚,王乃昂,罗建育等.花海湖泊古风成砂的粒度特征及其环境意义.沉积学报,2001,(19)4:642~647.
    33.胡雪峰,鹿化煜.黄土高原古土壤成土过程的特异性及发生学意义.土壤学报,2004,41 (5):669~675.
    34.黄昌勇.土壤学.北京:中国农业出版社,2000,71.
    35.黄春长.环境变迁.北京:科学出版社,2000,95.
    36.黄姜侬,方家骅,劭家骥等.南京下蜀黄土沉积时代的研究.地质论评,1988,34 (3):241~246.
    37.黄培华.黄山山麓第四纪粘土砾石层形成机制和环境的研究.地理科学,1994,??14 (3):211~215.
    38.季峻峰,陈骏,刘连文等.洛川黄土中绿泥石的化学风化与磁化率增强.自然科学进展,1999,9 (7):619~623.
    39.贾蓉芬,颜备战,李荣森等.陕西段家坡黄土剖面中趋磁细菌特征与环境意义.中国科学(D辑),1996,26 (5),411~416.
    40.贾耀锋,庞奖励.关中盆地东部全新世剖面粒度组成与气候变化研究.中国沙漠,2004,24 (3):153~155.
    41.蒋德隆等.长江中下游气候.北京:气象出版社,1991,1~427.
    42.金翔龙,郑开云.庙岛群岛地质的初步观察.海洋与湖沼,1964,6 (4):364~370.
    43.康建成,温家洪。15万年以来极地冰芯、黄土、深海沉积的对比研究与全球变化.极地研究,1997,(9) 2:134~144.
    44.赖忠平,周杰,夏应菲等.南京下蜀黄土红外释光地层年代学.中国沙漠,2001,21 (2) 117~122.a
    45.赖忠平,周杰,夏应菲等.南京下蜀黄土红外释光测年.自然科学进展,2001,11 (2):203~207.b
    46.雷祥义.秦岭黄土的粒度分析及其成因初步探讨.地质学报,1998,72 (2):178~188.
    47.李秉成.黄土中的CaCO_3与环境.西安工程学院学报,2002,24 (4):73~75.
    48.李富春,谢昌仁,潘根兴.南京老虎山黄土剖面的磁化率及Rb/Sr对古气候的指示意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2002,22 (4):47~52.
    49.李华梅,安芷生,王俊达.午城黄土剖面古地磁研究的初步结果.地球化学,1974,(2):93~104.
    50.李立文,方邺森.南京老虎山下蜀组钙质结核的成因和时代探讨.地层学杂志,1985,(9):53~56.
    51.李立文等.南京师大学报《南京附近第四纪环境与下蜀黄土的研究专辑》.1993,16:增刊.
    52.李培英.中国东部海岸带黄土成因及冰期渤海沙漠化之探讨.中国海陆第四纪对比研究.北京:科学出版社,1991,50~60.
    53.李培英,夏东兴,刘国海.辽东海岸带黄土.地质学报,1992,66(1):82~94.
    54.黎兴国,何娟华,李德生等.ESR在下蜀黄土测年中的尝试.南京师大学报,1993,16 (3):86~91.
    55.李徐生,杨达源,鹿化煜等.皖南第四纪风尘堆积序列粒度特征及其意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,1997,17(4):73~80.56.李徐生,杨达源,鹿化煜.镇江下蜀黄土粒度特征及其成因初探.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2001,21 (1):25~32.
    57.李徐生,杨达源.镇江下蜀黄土—古土壤序列磁化率特征与环境记录.中国沙漠,2002,22 (1):27~32.
    58.李雪铭.辽东半岛南部滨海黄土的沉积特征.海洋学报,2001,25 (1):32~35.
    59.林家骏,吴芯芯,郑乐平.长江中下游典型下蜀土剖面成分对比研究.地球与环境,2004,32 (2) 31~35.
    60.刘宝.沉积岩石学.北京:地质出版社,1980,27,312.
    61.刘东生.黄土与环境.北京:科学出版社,1985,1~467.a
    62.刘东生,安芷生,袁宝印.中国的黄土与风尘堆积.第四纪研究,1985,(6):113~125.b
    63.刘东生,孙继敏,吴文祥.中国黄土研究的历史,现状和未来.第四纪研究,2001:21 (3),185~207.
    64.刘敬圃,赵松龄.渤海海底埋藏黄土及沿岸出露黄土的成因.海洋与湖沼,1995,26 (4):363~368.
    65.刘乐军,李培英,王永吉.鲁中黄土粒度特征及其成因探讨.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2000,20 (1):81~86.
    66.刘秀铭,刘东生,John S.中国黄土磁性矿物特征及其古气候意义.第四纪研究,1993,(3):282~287.
    67.刘秀铭.中国黄土热磁研究与磁赤铁矿成因探讨.见刘嘉麒、袁宝印主编,中国第四纪地质与环境,北京:海洋出版社,1997,313~322.
    68.鹿化煜,安芷生.前处理方法对黄土沉积物粒度测量影响的实验研究.科学通报,1997,(42)23:2535~2538.a
    69.鹿化煜,安芷生.洛川黄土粒度组成的古气候意义.科学通报,1997,42(1):66~69.b
    70.鹿化煜,安芷生.黄土高原黄土粒度组成的古气候意义.中国科学(D辑),1998,28(3):278~283.
    71.鹿化煜,苗晓东,孙有斌.前处理步骤与方法对风成红粘土粒度测量的影响.海洋地质与第四纪地质.2002,22 (3):129~135.
    72.卢升高.土壤频率磁化率与矿物粒度的关系及其环境意义.应用基础与工程科学学报,2000,8(1):9~15。
    73.吕厚远,韩家懋,吴乃琴等.中国现代土壤磁化率分析及其古气候意义.中国科学(B辑),1994,24(12):1290~1297.
    74.聂高众.利用下蜀黄土的石英Al心进行ESR年代测定的尝试.见北京大学地质??系、地理系博士后集体编写,北京大学博士后地学文集(一),北京:地震出版社.1992,46~59.
    75.潘保田,李吉均,陈发虎.青藏高原:全球气候变化的驱动机与放大器.兰州大学学报,1995,31 (3):120~128.
    76.庞奖励,黄春长.黄土—古土壤序列的典型微结构与1万年来的环境演化.吉林大学学报,2002,(32)3:268~272.
    77.钱林清等.黄土高原气候.北京:气象出版社,1991,1~369.
    78.秦蕴珊,赵一阳,陈丽蓉等.东海地质.北京:科学出版社,1987,12~37.
    79.任明达,王乃梁.现代沉积环境概论.北京:科学出版社,1981,10.
    80.石建省,李铮华,魏明建等.黄土与古气候演化.北京:地质出版社,1998,44.
    81.师育新,戴雪荣,李节通等.末次间冰期兰州黄土记录中的粘土矿物及其环境意义探讨.海洋地质与第四纪地质,1997,17 (1):87~94.
    82.师育新,张卫国,戴雪荣等.镇江下蜀土中的黏土矿物及其古环境意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2005,25 (4) 99~105.
    83.宋达泉.南京地区下蜀系的古土壤学研究.中国土壤学会会志,1950,(1) 3-4期.
    84.隋玉柱.我国黄土土壤学研究的现状与展望.青岛大学学报(工程技术版),2004,19 (2):19~24.
    85.孙东怀,鹿化煜,David Rea等.中国黄土粒度的双峰分布及其古气候意义.沉积学报,2000,18 (3):327~335.
    86.孙建中,赵景波等.黄土高原第四纪.北京:科学出版社,1991,91.
    87.孙有斌,安芷生.最后4个冰期旋回中国黄土记录的东亚冬季风变化.地球化学—中国地质大学学报,2002,27 (1):19~24.
    88.汤艳杰,贾建业,谢先德.粘土矿物的环境意义.地学前缘,2002,9 (2):337~342.
    89.王爱萍,杨守业,李从先.南京地区下蜀土元素地球化学特征及物源判别.同济大学学报,2001,29 (6) 657-661.
    90.汪海斌,陈发虎,张家武.黄土高原西部地区黄土粒度的环境指示意义.中国沙漠,2002,22(1):21~25.
    91.王金权,李立文.南京附近下蜀黄土内腹足类化石的氨基酸外消旋年代测定.古生物学报,1990,(29):492~498.
    92.旺罗,刘东生,韩家懋等.中国第四纪黄土环境磁学研究进展.地球科学进展,2000,15 (3):335~341.93.W.V.恩格尔哈特.沉积物和沉积岩的成因.北京:地质出版社,1982,104.
    94.王永焱等.中国黄土研究的新进展.西安:陕西人民出版社,1985,1~208.
    95.文启忠,孙福庆,刁桂仪等.黄土剖面中氧化物的比值和相对淋溶,积聚值在地质上的意义.地球化学,1981,(4):381~387.
    96.文启忠等.中国黄土地球化学.北京:科学出版社,1985:191~302.a
    97.文启忠,刁桂仪等.中国黄土地球化学若干问题.第四纪研究,1985,6 (1):149~157.b
    98.文启忠,刁桂仪,贾蓉芬等.黄土剖面中古气候变化的地球化学记录.第四纪研究,1995,(3):223~231.
    99.吴标云.南京下蜀黄土沉积特征研究.海洋地质与第四纪地质.1985,5(2):113~120.
    100.谢昌仁,李富春,王力波等.南京老虎山黄土—古土壤剖面不同粒级组分的 磁化率及其古气候意义.土壤通报,2004,35 (2) 159~162.
    101.谢又予.南极Davis站地区晚更新世以来沉积环境的演变.中国科学(B).1985 (2):176~183.
    102.谢远云,张序强,何葵等.青藏高原东北缘黄土粒度组成及物质来源分析.中国地质,2002,29 (3):317~321.
    103.谢远云,李长安,周嘉等.陇西民和黄土CaCO_3和有机碳总量的含量变化及其气候指标的局限性.中国地质,2003,30 (1):99~104.
    104.熊尚发,丁仲礼,刘东生等.末次冰期中国黄土古气候记录与高纬冰芯及热带海洋记录对比.海洋地质与第四纪地质,1998,18 (1):71~74.
    105.许杰.下蜀层之腹足类化石.中国古生物志(乙种第六号三册).1936:6~9(间引自赖忠平,2001).
    106.杨达源.中国东部的第四纪风尘堆积与季风变迁.第四纪研究,1991,(4):354~359.
    107.杨石岭、丁仲礼.7.0Ma以来中国北方风尘沉积的游离铁/全铁值变化及其古季风指示意义.科学通报,2000,45 (22):2453~2456.
    108.杨守业,李从先,李徐生等.长江下游下蜀黄土化学风化的地球化学研究.地球化学,2001,30 (4) 403~407.
    109.叶玮.新疆西风区黄土与古土壤磁化率变化特点.中国沙漠,2001,21 (4):381~386.
    110.于洪军.中国东部陆架黄土成因的新探索.第四纪研究,1999 (4):367~373.
    111.于天仁,陈志诚.土壤发生中的化学过程.北京:科学出版社,1990,393~394.
    112.张建军,杨达源,李徐生.长江中下游地区下蜀黄土磁化率曲线比较研究.??华东地质学院学报,1999,22 (2):124~129.
    113.张建军,杨达源,陈曰友等.长江中下游地区下蜀黄土磁化率曲线与环境变迁.沉积学报,2000,18 (1) 18~21.
    114.张建新,蔡明理,张兆千等,南京下蜀黄土古气候序列的初步研究.江苏地质,1994(3/4):189~194.
    115.张兰生.我国晚更新世最后冰期气候复原.北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),1980.(1):101~118.
    116.张璞,陈建强,田明中等.福建省泉州市第四纪沉积物粒度特征及沉积环境分析.盐湖研究,2005,13 (2):25~30.
    117.张卫国,俞立中,许羽.环境磁学研究的简介.地球物理学进展,1995,10(3):95~105.
    118.张秀芝.Weibull分布参数估计方法及其应用.气象学报,1996,54 (1):108~116.
    119.张宗祜,张之一,王芸生.中国黄土.北京:地质出版社,1989.1~234.
    120.赵健.东海岛屿风尘沉积与环境信息.华东师范大学硕士毕业论文,2001.
    121.赵景波.第四纪气候变化的旋回和周期.冰川冻土,1988,2 (10):113~120.
    122.赵景波.黄土地层化学成分迁移深度与含量研究.陕西师范大学学报,1999,27(3):103~107.
    123.赵景波.西北黄土区第四纪土壤与环境.西安:陕西科学出版社,1994.
    124.赵景波.黄土的形成与演变模式.土壤学报,2002,39 (7):459~467.a
    125.赵景波.淀积理论与黄土高原环境演变.北京:科学出版社,2002.37~50.b
    126.赵松龄.晚更新世末期中国陆架沙漠化及其衍生沉积的研究.海洋与湖沼,1991,22 (3):285~293.
    127.郑洪汉.中国黄土粘土矿物及其在剖面中的变化趋势.第四纪研究,1985,6(1):158~165.a
    128.郑洪汉.中国黄土中粘土矿物的古气候记录.中国第四纪研究,1985,6 (2):41~47.
    129.郑乐平,胡雪峰,方小敏.长江中下游地区下蜀黄土成因研究的回顾.矿物岩石地球化学通报,2002,21 (1) 54~57.
    130.郑祥民等.长江三角洲及海域风尘沉积与环境.上海:华东师范大学出版社,1999.
    131.郑祥民,Kunihiko Endo,周立曼等.东海岛屿风尘地层中火山玻璃的发现及环境意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2003,23 (3):82~90.
    132.周厚云,郭国章,郑洪汉.山东半岛黄土堆积中的火山玻璃.海洋地质与第??四纪地质,2000,20 (4):99~102.
    133.朱朝云等.风沙物理学.北京:中国林业出版社,1992.1~198.
    134.朱日祥,A.Kazansky,G.Matasova等.西伯利亚南部黄土沉积物的磁性性质.科学通报,2000,45 (11):1200~1205.
    135.朱日祥,石采东,V Suchy等.捷克黄土的磁学性质及古气候意义.中国科学(D辑),2001,31 (2):146~154.
    136.朱显谟,祝一志.试论中国黄土高原土壤与环境.土壤学报,1992,29 (4):351~357.
    137.朱显谟,赵景波.黄土中古土壤研究的新进展.世界科技研究与发展,1999,21 (2):37~41.
    138. Aitken M J. An introduction to optical dating. London: Oxford University Press, 1998: 1~280.
    139. An Zhisheng, Liu Tungsheng, Lu Yanchou, et al. The long-term paleomonsoon variation recorded by the loess-paleosols sequence in central China. Quaternary International, 1990, 7/8: 91~95.
    140. An zhisheng, Kukla G, Porter S C, et al. Late Quaternary dust flow on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Catena, 1991, 18: 125~132. a
    141. An Z S, Kukla G, Porter S C, et al. Magnetic susceptibility evidence of monsoon variation on the Loess Plateau of central China during the last 130,000 years. Quaternary Research, 1991, (36) 1. b
    142. An Z S, PorterSC, ZhouW, et al. Episode of strengthened summer monsoon climate of Younger Dryas age on the Loess Plateau of central China. Quat Res, 1993, 39: 45~54.
    143. Chen F H, Feng Z D, Zhang J W. Loess particle size date indicative of stable winter monsoon during the last interglacial in the western part of the Chinese Loess Plateau. Catena, 2000, 39: 233~244.
    144. Christopher P Hunt, Michael J Singer, Gunther Kletetschka et al. Effect of citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite treatment on fine-grained magnetite and maghemite. Earth panetary Science Letters. 1995, 130: 87~94.
    145. Ding Zhongli, Yu zhiwei, Rutter N W, et al. Towards an orbital time scale for Chinese loess deposits. Quaternary Sciences Review, 1994, 13: 39~70.
    146. Eyre, J K, Shaw, J. Magenetic enhancement of Chinese loess—the role of γ Fe_2O_3. Geophys J. int. , 1994, 117, 265~271.
    147. Fang XM, Ono Y, Fukusawa H, et al. Asian summer monsoon instability during??the past 60,000 years: Magnetic susceptibility and pedogenic evidence from the western Chinese Loess Plateau.Earth Planet Sci Lett, 1999,168:219-232.
    148. Fine P,Singer M J,Verosub K L.Use of magnetic susceptibility measurements in assessing soil uniformity in chronosequence studies. Soil Sci Soc Am J,1992,56:1195~1199.
    149. Gao S , Collins M. Net sediment transport patterns inferred from grain size trends ,based upon definition of " transport vectors " .Sedimentary Geology ,1992 ,81 :47~60.
    150. Guo Z T,Liu T S,Fedoroff N,et al.Climate extremes in Loess of China coupled with the strength of deep -water formation in the North Atlantic.Global and Planetary Change, 1998,18(3-4): 113-128.
    151. Guo Z T ,Ruddiman W F ,Hao Q Z ,et al.Onset of Asian desertification by 22 M yr ago inferred from loess deposit s in China. Nature ,2002 ,416 (14) :159~163.
    152. Heinrich H.Origin and consequences of cycle ice rafting in the northeast Atlantic ocean during the past 130,000years.Quaternary Research, 1988,29:142-152.
    153. Heller F,Evans M E.Loess Magnetism.Rev.Geophys.l995,33(2):211~240.
    154. Heller F,LiuTS. Magnetostratigraphical dating of loess deposits in China,Nature, 1982,300:431 -433.
    155. Heller F,LiuTS.Magnetism of Chinese loess deposits. Journal of geophysical research,1984,77:125~141.
    156. Heller F,Liu T.S.Palaeoclimatic and sedimentary history from magnetic susceptibility of loess in China,Geophysical research letter, 1986,13,1169-1172.
    157. Hus J J , Han J M. The contribution of loess magnetism in China to the retrieval of past global changes: Some problems. Phys Earth Planet Inter, 1992, 7: 154-168.
    158. I.H.M.Van Oorschot,MJ.Dekkers.Dissolution behaviour of fine-grained magnetite and maghemite in the citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite extraction method.Earth and Planetary Letters, 1999 (167) : 283-295.
    159. James E.Beget,David B.stone,Daniel B.Hawkins.Paleoclimatic forcing of magnetic susceptibility variations in Alaskan loess during the late Quaternary.Geology, 1990,18:40~43.
    160. Janitzky P.Citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite(CBD)extractable iron and alumium.In:Singer M J and Janitzky P ed.Field and laboratory Procedures Used??in Soil Chronosequence Study.Washington:United States Government Printing Office, 1986,3 8-40.
    161. J.Han,W.S.Fyfe,Z.Gu.Assessment of the palaeoclimate during 3.0-2.6Ma registered by transition of red clay to loess-paleosol sequence in central North China.Palaeogeography,palaeoclimatology,palaeoecology, 2002,185:355-368.
    162. King J, Banerjee S K, Marvin J, et al. A comparison of different magnetic methods of determining the relative grain size of magnetite in natural materials: some results from lake sediments. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1982, 59: 404-419.
    163. Kletetschka G, Banerjee S K. Magnetic stratigraphy of Chinese loess as a record of natural fires. Geophys Res Lett, 1995, 22: 1341-1343.
    164. Kohfeld K E, Harrison S P. Glacial-interglacial changes in dust deposition on t he Chinese Loess Plateau. Quaternary Science Reviews , 2003, 22 : 1859-1878.
    165. Kukla GHeller F LiuXM,et al.Pleistocene climates in China dated by magnetic susceptibility.Geology,1988,16:811~814.
    166. Kukla G,An Z S.Loess stratigraphy in central China. Palaeography, Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoealogy,1989,72:203~225.
    167. Kukla G,An ZS,Melice J L et al.Magnetic susceptibility record of Chinese loess.Edinburgy:Earth Science, 1990,81:263~288.
    168. Liu XM,Hesse P,Rolph T.Origin of maghemite in Chinese loess deposits:aeolian or pedogenic?Phys,Earth Planet ,Inter. 1999,112,191 -201 .a
    169. Liu, X. M., Hesse, P., Rolph, T.Thermally unstable maghemite and its paleoclimate significance in Chinese loess.Chin Sci Bull.1999,44(supplement):64~69.b
    170. Lu Huayu,Li Li, Huang Xiangping , et al. East Asia winter monsoon oscillation and its correlation with the North Atlantic Heinrich events during the last glaciation. Progress in Natural Science , 1996 , 6 (6): 711-717.
    171. Maher B A , Thompson R. Mineral magnetic record of the Chinese loess and paleosoils. Geology, 1991,19: 3-6.
    172. Maher B A,Thompeon R.Paleoclimatic significance of mineral magnetic record of the Chinese loess and paleosols.Quaternary Research, 1992 (37).
    173. Maher B A,Thompson R,Liu X,et al.Pedogenesis and paleoclimate interpretation of the magnetic susceptibility record of Chinese loess-paleosol??sequences:comments.Geology,1994,22:857~859.
    174. Maher B A,Thompson R.Paleorainfall reconstrucions from pedogenic magnetic susceptibility variations in the Chinese loess and paleosols.Quat Res,1995,44,383~391.
    175. Meng X, Derbysh ire E, Kemp R A. Origin of the magnetic susceptibility signal in Chinese loess. Quat Sci Rev, 1997, 16: 833-839.
    176. Oldfield F.Environmental magnetism—personal perspective.Quaternary Science Review,1991,10:73-83.
    177. O.P.Mehra,M.L.Jackson.Ironoxide removal from soils and clays by dithionite-citrate system buffered with sodium bicarbonate,Clays Clay Miner. 1960,7,317-327.
    178. Porter S C,An Zhisheng. Correlation between climate events in the North Atlantic and China during the last glaciation. Nature, 1995, 375:305-308.
    179. Prins A ,Vandenberghe J ,Weltje G J . Palaeoclimate signals in loess size dist-ributions.Int.Workshop HWK Delmenhorst.From Particle Size to Sediment Dynamics. 2004:123-125.
    180. Pye K. Aeolian Dust and Dust Deposits. London:Academic Press, 1987:29-68.
    181. Rea D K,Snoeckx H,Joseph L H. Late Cenozoic eolian deposition in the North Pacific:Asian drying, Tibetan uplift ,and cooling of the northern hemisphere. Paleoceanography ,1998,3 (3):215~224.
    182. Reynolds R L,King J W.Magnetic record of climate change.Rev. Geophys. 1995,(supplement): 101-110.
    183. Rolph T C, Shaw J , Derbyshire E, et al. The magnetic mineralogy of a loess section near Lanzhou, China. In: Pye K, ed. The Dynamics and Environmental Context of Aeolian sedimentary Systems. Geol Soc Spec Publ, 1993, 72: 311-323.
    184. Rutter N,Ding Z L,Evans M E,et al.Baoji type pedostratigraphic section,loess plateau,central China.Quaternary Science Reviews,1991,10(1):1~22.
    185. Sun J,Liu TS.Multiple origins and interpretations of magnetic susceptibility signal in Chinese wind-blown sediments. Earth Planet Sci Lett.2000,180,287-296.
    186. Thompson R, Bloemendal J , Dearing J A, et al. Environmental applications of magnetic measurements. Science, 1980, 207: 481-486.
    187. Thompson R,Oldfield F.Environmental Magnetism.London:George Allen and??Unwin, 1986, 72~87.
    188. Verosub K L, Fine P, Singer, M J et al. Pedogenesis and paleoclimate: interpretation of magnetic susceptibility record of Chinese loess-paleosol sequences, Geology, 1993, 21, 1011~1014.
    189. Verosub K L, Roberts A P. Environmental magnetism: past, present, and future. J. Geophys. Res. 1995, 100 (B2) : 2175~2192.
    190. Visher. Grain size distributions and depositional of processes. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1969, 39 (3) : 1074~1106.
    191. Wang Xulong, Lu Yanchou, Zhao Hua. On the performances of the single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) protocol for Chinese loess: fine quartz and polymineral grains. Radiation Measurements 2005, 41: 1~8.
    192. Xia Y F, Wang Y J, Chen J. An important stratigraphic boundary in dust accumulation, south China: evidence from magnetic susceptibility. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1999, (44) : 189~192.
    193. XiaoJL, Porter S C, An Z S, et al. Grain size of quartz as an indicator of winter monsoon strength on the Loess Plateau of central China during the last 130,000 yr. Quatemary Research, 1995, 43: 22~29.
    194. Xiao Jule, Zheng Hongbo, Zhao Hua. Variation of winter monsoon intensity on the loess plateau, central China during the last 130,000 years: evidence from grain size distribution.The Quatemar-y Research, 1992, 31: 13~19.
    195. XiaoYe Zhang, Zhisheng An, Tuo Chen et al. Late Quatemary Records of the Atmospheric in-out of Eolian Dust to the Center of the Chinese Loess Plateau. Quaternary Research, 41, 1994: 35~43.
    196. Xiao Y. Zhang, Hua Y. Lu, Richard Arimoto, et al. Atmospheric dust loadings and their relationship to rapid oscillations of the Asian winter monsoon climate: two 250-kyr loess records. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2002, 202: 637~643.
    197. Zheng, H. , Oldfield, F. Yu L, et al. , The magnetic properties of particle-sized samples from the Luo Chuan loess section: evidence for pedogenesis, Hpys. Earth Planet. Inter. , 1991, 68, 250~258.
    198. Zhou L P Oldfield F, Wintle A G, et al. Partly pedogenic origin of magnetic variations in Chinese loess. Nature, 1990, 346: 737~739.
    199.成濑敏郎.东最终间冰期以降弘域风成尘堆积量变化.日本地形,1993,3.
    200.沟田智俊.朝鲜和日本原生土壤中粉沙层的风成来源.地被-国际土壤科学??杂志,1991,45.
    201.井上克弘,成濑敏郎.日本沿海岸土壤古土壤中堆积大陆起源广域风成尘.日本第四纪研究,1990,29(3).

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700