哈尔滨花园街区景观保护与更新设计研究
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摘要
城市历史街区是城市发展过程中历史文化的沉淀,我国随着城市的快速发展,这种历史文化在不同程度上遭到了不同程度的破坏,因此历史街区的保护与更新成为中国城市建设中关注的重要内容。
哈尔滨是著名的历史文化名城,花园街区是哈尔滨市的历史保护街区之一,它是中东铁路建设时期的俄罗斯高级铁路职员的住宅区,这里曾经是哈尔滨城市的一道美丽的风景。论文以历史街区景观的保护与更新研究为切入点,运用理论分析、现场调研、实践研究等方法,对花园街区景观的保护与更新设计进行探索性的研究,使城市的文脉得到保护与延续。论文通过分析花园街区的发展背景,理清了花园街区与整个城市的紧密联系,挖掘了花园街区的潜在价值,由此提出花园街区景观保护与更新设计的必要性。文章分析了哈尔滨花园街区的物质空间和非物质空间现状,提出问题,解决问题,并从社会、经济、文化等多方面进行深入的探讨,针对花园街区的保护与发展、价值的实现、满足人们的多元化需求等方面,提出了花园街区景观的保护与更新设计的策略,这些策略本着顺应城市社会发展、本着延续文脉的原则,通过对花园街区景观的再设计达到保护更新的目的。
文章对于花园街区景观的保护更新设计研究旨在对社会有一定的现实意义,笔者在研究过程中摒弃了流行于中国城市对历史街区保护更新的套路化,力图避免对花园街区的过度开发,因地制宜的营造一种有秩序、有内涵的街区景观场所,使其真正的与整个城市的发展有机的结合起来。
The City Historical Street District is the sedimentation of historical culture during urban development process. However, with the rapid development of cities, such historical culture has been seriously damaged in different degrees, so the protection and renewal of historical street district become an important part in China's urban construction.
Harbin is a well-known historical and cultural city, and in this city, the Garden District is one of districts that protected as a historical strict , which was as a residential block for senior railway employees from Russia during Middle East Railway construction period, and it was once a beautiful landscape. Grasping the research of protection and renewal of historical district landscape as the starting-point, using theoretical analysis, on-site research, practice research and so on, the text made an exploratory research on the protection and renewal design of the Garden District landscape, which protecting and continuning city context. By analyzing the development background of the Garden District, the text sort out the close relationship between the Garden District and the whole city, and excavated potential value of the Garden District, and then raised the nesessary of protection and renewal design of the Garden District landscape. The text analyzed material space and non-material space status of Harbin Garden District, raised questions and then solved them, and made deep discussions from social, economic, cultural and many other aspects; and as for the existing problems of the Garden District,such as its protection and development, the realization of its value, meeting people’s diversified demand and so on, the text raised strategies of protection and renewal design of Garden District landscape. Through redesign of the Garden District, these strategies, which basing on principles of following urban social development and continuning city context , achieve the protection and renewal purpose.
In this text, the research of protection and renewal design of the Garden District landscape has some certain practical significance for society. The writer abandoned the normal way which is popular in China cities for historical district protection, and tried to avoid over-exploitation of the Garden District, built an orderly and connotative block landscape place according to local conditions, and really made it reach an organic connection with the whole city’s development.
哈尔滨是著名的历史文化名城,花园街区是哈尔滨市的历史保护街区之一,它是中东铁路建设时期的俄罗斯高级铁路职员的住宅区,这里曾经是哈尔滨城市的一道美丽的风景。论文以历史街区景观的保护与更新研究为切入点,运用理论分析、现场调研、实践研究等方法,对花园街区景观的保护与更新设计进行探索性的研究,使城市的文脉得到保护与延续。论文通过分析花园街区的发展背景,理清了花园街区与整个城市的紧密联系,挖掘了花园街区的潜在价值,由此提出花园街区景观保护与更新设计的必要性。文章分析了哈尔滨花园街区的物质空间和非物质空间现状,提出问题,解决问题,并从社会、经济、文化等多方面进行深入的探讨,针对花园街区的保护与发展、价值的实现、满足人们的多元化需求等方面,提出了花园街区景观的保护与更新设计的策略,这些策略本着顺应城市社会发展、本着延续文脉的原则,通过对花园街区景观的再设计达到保护更新的目的。
文章对于花园街区景观的保护更新设计研究旨在对社会有一定的现实意义,笔者在研究过程中摒弃了流行于中国城市对历史街区保护更新的套路化,力图避免对花园街区的过度开发,因地制宜的营造一种有秩序、有内涵的街区景观场所,使其真正的与整个城市的发展有机的结合起来。
The City Historical Street District is the sedimentation of historical culture during urban development process. However, with the rapid development of cities, such historical culture has been seriously damaged in different degrees, so the protection and renewal of historical street district become an important part in China's urban construction.
Harbin is a well-known historical and cultural city, and in this city, the Garden District is one of districts that protected as a historical strict , which was as a residential block for senior railway employees from Russia during Middle East Railway construction period, and it was once a beautiful landscape. Grasping the research of protection and renewal of historical district landscape as the starting-point, using theoretical analysis, on-site research, practice research and so on, the text made an exploratory research on the protection and renewal design of the Garden District landscape, which protecting and continuning city context. By analyzing the development background of the Garden District, the text sort out the close relationship between the Garden District and the whole city, and excavated potential value of the Garden District, and then raised the nesessary of protection and renewal design of the Garden District landscape. The text analyzed material space and non-material space status of Harbin Garden District, raised questions and then solved them, and made deep discussions from social, economic, cultural and many other aspects; and as for the existing problems of the Garden District,such as its protection and development, the realization of its value, meeting people’s diversified demand and so on, the text raised strategies of protection and renewal design of Garden District landscape. Through redesign of the Garden District, these strategies, which basing on principles of following urban social development and continuning city context , achieve the protection and renewal purpose.
In this text, the research of protection and renewal design of the Garden District landscape has some certain practical significance for society. The writer abandoned the normal way which is popular in China cities for historical district protection, and tried to avoid over-exploitation of the Garden District, built an orderly and connotative block landscape place according to local conditions, and really made it reach an organic connection with the whole city’s development.
引文
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3哈尔滨市规划局.哈尔滨市保护建筑和保护街区条例.1998年4月1日
4 Shira Brand,Eugenio Martera.传统与现代—意大利在建筑和城市修复中的经验.南京博物馆译.东南大学出版社,2007:15
5范文兵.上海里弄的保护与更新.上海克煦俄技术出版社,2004:87
6 [俄罗斯]H.N.克拉金.哈尔滨——俄罗斯人心中的理想城市.张琦,路立新译.哈尔滨出版社,2007:44 53 60
7 http://commerce.northeast.cn/system/2006/12/14/000008384.shtml
8 Google Earth搜索截图
9阮仪三.护城纪实.中国建筑工业出版社,2003:52
10吴良镛.北京旧城与菊儿胡同.中国建筑工业出版社.1994:25 43
11俞滨洋吴松涛.印象.城市——2006中俄城市设计暨建筑风格高层学术论坛.黑龙江科技出版社,2007:175
12 [德]格哈德.库德斯.城市结构与城市造型设计.中国建筑工业出版社,2006:187 189 205
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14 [美]简.雅各布斯.美国大城市的死与生.金衡山译.译林出版社,2006:188 189 190
15林玉莲,胡正凡.环境心理学.中国建筑工业出版社,2006:15 20
16凌生金.基于使用者行为分析的历史街区管理研究.北京林业大学硕士论文,2004
17 [英]史蒂文.蒂耶斯德尔蒂姆.希思[土]塔内尔.厄奇.城市历史街区的复兴.张玫英董卫译.中国建筑工业出版社,2006:17 37
18张艳华.《在文化价值和经济价值之间:上海城市建筑遗产(CBH)保护与再利用》.中国电力出版社,2007:20
19董鉴泓,阮仪三.《名城文化鉴赏与保护》.同济大学出版社,1993:30
20殷民娥.马克思社会结构理论与和谐社会的构建.安徽大学硕士论文.2006
21扬.盖尔.交往与空间.何可人译.中国建筑工业出版社,2002:113 135
22王立,李先逵.探析节点对城市空间秩序的规范性.规划师.2006第三期第22卷
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24任君华.哈尔滨市历史街区保护的法规研究与应用.东北林业大学硕士论文,2005
25 http://harbin.northeast.cn/system/2006/03/31/05039735.shtml
26李其荣.城市规划与历史文化保护.东南大学出版社,2003
27陈玲.武汉近代里分住宅保护与更新的研究.武汉理工大学硕士论文,2002
28闻晓祥王南.中国社会结构变迁与新型的日常生活世界.社会科学辑刊第三期.1993.
29凌生金.基于使用者行为分析的历史街区管理研究——以北京什刹海地区为例.北京林业大学硕士论文.2007
30 C.亚历山大H.奈斯A.安尼诺I.金.城市设计新理论.陈治业童丽萍译.知识产权出版社,2002:37 56 75
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32吴家骅,叶南译.景观形态学.中国建筑工业出版社,1995
33史建华等.苏州古城的保护与更新.东南大学出版社,2003
34张凡.城市发展中的历史文化保护对策.东南大学出版社,2006
35阮仪三.护城纪实.中国建筑工业出版社,2003
36孟戈.论建筑环境交往的行为参与.西安矿业学院学报,1999.9
37布鲁诺.赛维著.现代建筑语言.席云平等译.中国建筑工业出版社,2005
38西蒙兹.景观设计学.俞孔坚,王志芳,孙鹏.中国建筑工业出版社,2000
39三村德弘,川西利昌,宇杉和夫.建筑外部环境设计.中国建筑工业出版社
40西村幸夫.城市风景规划:欧美景观控制方法与实务.上海科学技术出版社,2005
41凯文.林奇.城市意象.华夏出版社,2001
42普莱曾特.景观设计.中国建筑工业出版社,2001
43方可.探索北京旧城居住区有机更新的适宜途径.清华大学博士论文,1999
44刘滨谊.现代景观规划设计.东南大学出版社,2005
45高桥鹰志+EBS组.环境行为与空间设计.陶新中.中国建筑工业出版社,2006
46王骏.历史街区保护.同济大学博士论文,1998
47芦原义信.街道的美学.百花文艺出版社,2006
48汉斯.罗易德,斯蒂芬.伯拉德.开放空间设计.罗娟,雷波.中国电力出版社, 2007
49李勤.中德历史街区保护与更新的比较分析与应用研》.西安建筑科技大学硕士论文,2007
50刘磊.场地设计.中国建材工业出版社, 2002
51焦怡雪,福建泉州旧馆蜂—井亭巷历史街区保护与更新规划,世界建筑,2001
52凯文.林奇,架里.海克.总体设计.黄富厢,朱琪,吴小亚.中国建筑工业出版社, 1999
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2王骏.历史街区保护.同济大学博士论文,1998:23
3哈尔滨市规划局.哈尔滨市保护建筑和保护街区条例.1998年4月1日
4 Shira Brand,Eugenio Martera.传统与现代—意大利在建筑和城市修复中的经验.南京博物馆译.东南大学出版社,2007:15
5范文兵.上海里弄的保护与更新.上海克煦俄技术出版社,2004:87
6 [俄罗斯]H.N.克拉金.哈尔滨——俄罗斯人心中的理想城市.张琦,路立新译.哈尔滨出版社,2007:44 53 60
7 http://commerce.northeast.cn/system/2006/12/14/000008384.shtml
8 Google Earth搜索截图
9阮仪三.护城纪实.中国建筑工业出版社,2003:52
10吴良镛.北京旧城与菊儿胡同.中国建筑工业出版社.1994:25 43
11俞滨洋吴松涛.印象.城市——2006中俄城市设计暨建筑风格高层学术论坛.黑龙江科技出版社,2007:175
12 [德]格哈德.库德斯.城市结构与城市造型设计.中国建筑工业出版社,2006:187 189 205
13 [苏] A.A阿凡钦柯.苏联城市建设原理讲义下册.刘景鹤译.高等教育出版社,1959:450 469 478
14 [美]简.雅各布斯.美国大城市的死与生.金衡山译.译林出版社,2006:188 189 190
15林玉莲,胡正凡.环境心理学.中国建筑工业出版社,2006:15 20
16凌生金.基于使用者行为分析的历史街区管理研究.北京林业大学硕士论文,2004
17 [英]史蒂文.蒂耶斯德尔蒂姆.希思[土]塔内尔.厄奇.城市历史街区的复兴.张玫英董卫译.中国建筑工业出版社,2006:17 37
18张艳华.《在文化价值和经济价值之间:上海城市建筑遗产(CBH)保护与再利用》.中国电力出版社,2007:20
19董鉴泓,阮仪三.《名城文化鉴赏与保护》.同济大学出版社,1993:30
20殷民娥.马克思社会结构理论与和谐社会的构建.安徽大学硕士论文.2006
21扬.盖尔.交往与空间.何可人译.中国建筑工业出版社,2002:113 135
22王立,李先逵.探析节点对城市空间秩序的规范性.规划师.2006第三期第22卷
23周俭,张恺.在城市上建造城市:法国城市历史遗产保护实践.中国建筑工业出版社,2003
24任君华.哈尔滨市历史街区保护的法规研究与应用.东北林业大学硕士论文,2005
25 http://harbin.northeast.cn/system/2006/03/31/05039735.shtml
26李其荣.城市规划与历史文化保护.东南大学出版社,2003
27陈玲.武汉近代里分住宅保护与更新的研究.武汉理工大学硕士论文,2002
28闻晓祥王南.中国社会结构变迁与新型的日常生活世界.社会科学辑刊第三期.1993.
29凌生金.基于使用者行为分析的历史街区管理研究——以北京什刹海地区为例.北京林业大学硕士论文.2007
30 C.亚历山大H.奈斯A.安尼诺I.金.城市设计新理论.陈治业童丽萍译.知识产权出版社,2002:37 56 75
31俞孔坚.景观生态学.中国林业出版社,1991
32吴家骅,叶南译.景观形态学.中国建筑工业出版社,1995
33史建华等.苏州古城的保护与更新.东南大学出版社,2003
34张凡.城市发展中的历史文化保护对策.东南大学出版社,2006
35阮仪三.护城纪实.中国建筑工业出版社,2003
36孟戈.论建筑环境交往的行为参与.西安矿业学院学报,1999.9
37布鲁诺.赛维著.现代建筑语言.席云平等译.中国建筑工业出版社,2005
38西蒙兹.景观设计学.俞孔坚,王志芳,孙鹏.中国建筑工业出版社,2000
39三村德弘,川西利昌,宇杉和夫.建筑外部环境设计.中国建筑工业出版社
40西村幸夫.城市风景规划:欧美景观控制方法与实务.上海科学技术出版社,2005
41凯文.林奇.城市意象.华夏出版社,2001
42普莱曾特.景观设计.中国建筑工业出版社,2001
43方可.探索北京旧城居住区有机更新的适宜途径.清华大学博士论文,1999
44刘滨谊.现代景观规划设计.东南大学出版社,2005
45高桥鹰志+EBS组.环境行为与空间设计.陶新中.中国建筑工业出版社,2006
46王骏.历史街区保护.同济大学博士论文,1998
47芦原义信.街道的美学.百花文艺出版社,2006
48汉斯.罗易德,斯蒂芬.伯拉德.开放空间设计.罗娟,雷波.中国电力出版社, 2007
49李勤.中德历史街区保护与更新的比较分析与应用研》.西安建筑科技大学硕士论文,2007
50刘磊.场地设计.中国建材工业出版社, 2002
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