功能化离子液体在超级电容器及薁类合成中的应用研究
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摘要
离子液体的主要特点是：非挥发性，低熔点，宽的电化学窗口，强的静电场，良好的导电与导热性，高热稳定性，选择溶解性与可设计性。正因为离子液体有诸多优点，近年来离子液体的研究日益活跃，受到国内外的普遍关注。
1.本文首先综述了在绿色化学中具有重要位置的离子液体作为超级电容器电解质及其作为溶剂或催化剂在精细有机合成上的应用。
2.在电化学上的应用，主要探讨含有烷氧基环式结构及链式结构的季铵盐的合成方法，并将作为超级电容器有机电解质，对其电化学性能进行测试与讨论。利用该类离子液体与乙腈组成超级电容器的电解液，与活性炭电极组装成模拟超级电容器，通过交流阻抗、循环伏安及恒流充放电等测试手段对其电化学性能进行了研究。结果表明，该类有机电解液的电化学窗口可以达到4V，具有高的电导率，可达27.4mS∕cm(1.5mol∕L)，并且表现出良好的电容特性、可逆性及循环性能。
3.在精细有机合成上的应用，主要探讨咪唑基磺酸型功能化离子液体，作为溶剂及催化剂，在合成薁并吡啶类衍生物、愈创兰烃薁基取代的琥珀酰胺类衍生物中应用，并取得了较好的效果。
所合成化合物的结构通过红外，核磁共振，质谱元素分析等手段予以表征和证实。
The main characteristics of Ionic liquids are non volatilization liquid, low melting point,wide electrochemical window, strong electrostatic field, good electrical and thermalconductivity, high thermal stability, choosing solubility and designability. Because of theionic liquid has many advantages, in recent years the study of ionic liquids is increasinglyactive, it was received widespread attention at home and abroad,
1.This paper firstly summarized the ionic liquids has the important position of greenchemical and as sdlvent or catalyst in electrochemical and the organic synthesis research andapplication.
2.In the electrochemical applications, containing alkoxy ring type structure and chainstructure of quaternary ammonium salt of the synthetic method were main discussed, and canserve as the super capacitor of organic electrolytes on the electrochemical properties weretested and discussed. Use the functional ionic liquid and acetonitrile solution of the supercapacitor electrolyte, and activated carbon electrode assembly into analog super capacitor,through the exchange impedance, circulation current-voltage and constant current chargingand discharging test means such as on the electrochemical properties have been studied. Theresults show that the organic electrolyte electrochemical window can achieve4V, highconductivity, can reach27.4mS／cm (1.5mol／L), and has good capacitance characteristics,reversible and cycling performance.
3.In the application of fine organic synthesis, a kind of sulfonic acid synthesis typefunctional ionic liquid was main discussed, as solvent and catalyst, a series ofazuleno[2,1-b]pyridine derivatives, and construct the alkyl-substituted guaiazulenederivetives synthesis method, which has obtained a better effect.
All the compounds were fully characterized and confirmed by elemental analysis, IR,MS,1H NMR spectral data.
1.本文首先综述了在绿色化学中具有重要位置的离子液体作为超级电容器电解质及其作为溶剂或催化剂在精细有机合成上的应用。
2.在电化学上的应用，主要探讨含有烷氧基环式结构及链式结构的季铵盐的合成方法，并将作为超级电容器有机电解质，对其电化学性能进行测试与讨论。利用该类离子液体与乙腈组成超级电容器的电解液，与活性炭电极组装成模拟超级电容器，通过交流阻抗、循环伏安及恒流充放电等测试手段对其电化学性能进行了研究。结果表明，该类有机电解液的电化学窗口可以达到4V，具有高的电导率，可达27.4mS∕cm(1.5mol∕L)，并且表现出良好的电容特性、可逆性及循环性能。
3.在精细有机合成上的应用，主要探讨咪唑基磺酸型功能化离子液体，作为溶剂及催化剂，在合成薁并吡啶类衍生物、愈创兰烃薁基取代的琥珀酰胺类衍生物中应用，并取得了较好的效果。
所合成化合物的结构通过红外，核磁共振，质谱元素分析等手段予以表征和证实。
The main characteristics of Ionic liquids are non volatilization liquid, low melting point,wide electrochemical window, strong electrostatic field, good electrical and thermalconductivity, high thermal stability, choosing solubility and designability. Because of theionic liquid has many advantages, in recent years the study of ionic liquids is increasinglyactive, it was received widespread attention at home and abroad,
1.This paper firstly summarized the ionic liquids has the important position of greenchemical and as sdlvent or catalyst in electrochemical and the organic synthesis research andapplication.
2.In the electrochemical applications, containing alkoxy ring type structure and chainstructure of quaternary ammonium salt of the synthetic method were main discussed, and canserve as the super capacitor of organic electrolytes on the electrochemical properties weretested and discussed. Use the functional ionic liquid and acetonitrile solution of the supercapacitor electrolyte, and activated carbon electrode assembly into analog super capacitor,through the exchange impedance, circulation current-voltage and constant current chargingand discharging test means such as on the electrochemical properties have been studied. Theresults show that the organic electrolyte electrochemical window can achieve4V, highconductivity, can reach27.4mS／cm (1.5mol／L), and has good capacitance characteristics,reversible and cycling performance.
3.In the application of fine organic synthesis, a kind of sulfonic acid synthesis typefunctional ionic liquid was main discussed, as solvent and catalyst, a series ofazuleno[2,1-b]pyridine derivatives, and construct the alkyl-substituted guaiazulenederivetives synthesis method, which has obtained a better effect.
All the compounds were fully characterized and confirmed by elemental analysis, IR,MS,1H NMR spectral data.
引文
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[15] Yoshio M，Mukai T，Ohno H，KatoT， One-dimensionalion transport in self-orga nized columnar ionic liquids [J]. Journal of American Chemical Society.2004,126,994-995.
[16] Du Z，Li Z，Gu Y，Zhang J，Deng Y, Synthesis and characterization of sulfonyl-functionalized ionic liquids [J]. Synthetic Communications.2005,35,1343-1349.
[17] AbellóS, Medina F, Rodrigues X, Supported choline hydroxide(ionic liquids)as heterogeneouscatalyst of aldol condensation reactions [J]. Chemical Communicatons.2004,1096-1097.
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