改善激光水介质处理仿生单元体抗热疲劳性能的研究
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摘要
利用水介质激光加工工艺在蠕墨铸铁表面加工出组织更细的仿生耦合单元体,与蠕墨铸铁表面共同形成类似生物体表形态的体表,耐磨性试验研究表明,其单元体可进一步提高蠕墨铸铁的耐磨性,但在其仿生耦合单元体上存有裂纹,在较低热的疲劳试验循环次数下,单元体的表面裂纹有在单元体上不断扩展的趋势,可能影响仿生处理后材料的抗疲劳性能,本文通过消除应力的热处理(预热、预热和后热、后热处理)、二次激光熔凝处理和电脉冲处理三类方法对水介质激光加工仿生单元体进行处理,重点研究不同处理方法后的水介质激光加工仿生单元体抗热疲劳性能。
研究发现,未处理时水介质激光加工仿生单元体的抗热疲劳性能,与空气介质加工单元体相比较差。采用三种去应力和二次熔凝处理等处理后均可改善水介质中加工后单元体的抗热疲劳性能。对水介质加工单元体进行电脉冲处理能够愈合表面裂纹并有效改善单元体的抗热疲劳性能。热疲劳试验后,与未处理的水介质激光加工仿生单元体相比,去应力(预热、预热和后热、后热)、二次熔凝和电脉冲等处理的仿生单元体上新生裂纹数量分别减少了69.0%、83.6%、57.9%、74.5%、80.7%。
As we all known, the wearing resistance and the thermal fatigue resistance are two key factors which had effect on the compacted graphite cast iron2 (CGI) train brake disc life. So while the wearing resistance of CGI was improved, its thermal fatigue resistance should be study. The bionic coupling units on the CGI surface which were processed by laser in water medium and the basal corpuscle formed a surface which was similar to the organism body surface. The units had finer microscopic constitution. The test results showed that the units could improve the wearing resistance of the CGI. But there were cracks on the units’surface and the cracks would proliferate after the lower thermal fatigue test cycles. It would affect the thermal fatigue resistance of the bionic coupling samples. For reducing the impact, the way how to reduce the cracks on the surface of units was researched. This work is applied and laid the foundation for the research on the thermal fatigue resistance of the bionic coupling samples. This text mainly researched how to improve the thermal fatigue resistance of bionic coupling units on the CGI surface, in order to improve the resistance of resistance of bionic coupling units processed by laser in water. in water medium and the researches have laid the foundation for improving the resistance of compacted graphite cast iron bionic coupling materials.
This text had researched the thermal fatigue resistance of units processed in air and in water medium respectively. The result showed that the thermal fatigue resistance of units processed in water medium is worse. The different treatments were used to improve the units thermal fatigue resistance. The best way was found.
There is one observation after 100 times thermal fatigue resistance in the tests.
Through to measure and statistics the length and angle of cracks by 50 times optical microscope have concluded the following results:
1. The amount of cracks on units processed in water is more 2.19 times than in air. The amount of traverse cracks mainly affecting the capability of units is more 1.76 times than in air. Because of this ,the result is that: the thermal fatigue resistance of processing units in water medium is worse than in air medium,
2. The process of stress relieving ,namely preheat, preheat and post heat, post heat, the second fusion and electrical impulse dos not change the tissue of the units at fusion areas The tissue mainly is the Metamorphosis ledeburite( martensite and carbide), its rest is ferrite and retained austenite.
3. The process of stress relieving, post heat, the second fusion and electrical impulse can improve the thermal fatigue resistance of units processed in water. The following result is that:
1) The rise of cracks and the traverse cracks on units with stress relieving is lower than with water. The rise is 69 percent,83.6 percent and 57.9 percent lower than that of rise on the units processed with water medium. Similarly, the amount of traverse cracks is 88.9 percent、87.5 percent、88.9 percent lower.
2) The rise of cracks on units with the second fusion is 75.4 percent lower than that that of rise on the units processed with water medium; The amount of traverse cracks is 59.7 percent lower.
3) The rise of cracks on units with electrical impulse is 80.7 percent lower than that that of rise on the units processed with water medium. The amount of traverse cracks is 31.9 percent lower.
研究发现,未处理时水介质激光加工仿生单元体的抗热疲劳性能,与空气介质加工单元体相比较差。采用三种去应力和二次熔凝处理等处理后均可改善水介质中加工后单元体的抗热疲劳性能。对水介质加工单元体进行电脉冲处理能够愈合表面裂纹并有效改善单元体的抗热疲劳性能。热疲劳试验后,与未处理的水介质激光加工仿生单元体相比,去应力(预热、预热和后热、后热)、二次熔凝和电脉冲等处理的仿生单元体上新生裂纹数量分别减少了69.0%、83.6%、57.9%、74.5%、80.7%。
As we all known, the wearing resistance and the thermal fatigue resistance are two key factors which had effect on the compacted graphite cast iron2 (CGI) train brake disc life. So while the wearing resistance of CGI was improved, its thermal fatigue resistance should be study. The bionic coupling units on the CGI surface which were processed by laser in water medium and the basal corpuscle formed a surface which was similar to the organism body surface. The units had finer microscopic constitution. The test results showed that the units could improve the wearing resistance of the CGI. But there were cracks on the units’surface and the cracks would proliferate after the lower thermal fatigue test cycles. It would affect the thermal fatigue resistance of the bionic coupling samples. For reducing the impact, the way how to reduce the cracks on the surface of units was researched. This work is applied and laid the foundation for the research on the thermal fatigue resistance of the bionic coupling samples. This text mainly researched how to improve the thermal fatigue resistance of bionic coupling units on the CGI surface, in order to improve the resistance of resistance of bionic coupling units processed by laser in water. in water medium and the researches have laid the foundation for improving the resistance of compacted graphite cast iron bionic coupling materials.
This text had researched the thermal fatigue resistance of units processed in air and in water medium respectively. The result showed that the thermal fatigue resistance of units processed in water medium is worse. The different treatments were used to improve the units thermal fatigue resistance. The best way was found.
There is one observation after 100 times thermal fatigue resistance in the tests.
Through to measure and statistics the length and angle of cracks by 50 times optical microscope have concluded the following results:
1. The amount of cracks on units processed in water is more 2.19 times than in air. The amount of traverse cracks mainly affecting the capability of units is more 1.76 times than in air. Because of this ,the result is that: the thermal fatigue resistance of processing units in water medium is worse than in air medium,
2. The process of stress relieving ,namely preheat, preheat and post heat, post heat, the second fusion and electrical impulse dos not change the tissue of the units at fusion areas The tissue mainly is the Metamorphosis ledeburite( martensite and carbide), its rest is ferrite and retained austenite.
3. The process of stress relieving, post heat, the second fusion and electrical impulse can improve the thermal fatigue resistance of units processed in water. The following result is that:
1) The rise of cracks and the traverse cracks on units with stress relieving is lower than with water. The rise is 69 percent,83.6 percent and 57.9 percent lower than that of rise on the units processed with water medium. Similarly, the amount of traverse cracks is 88.9 percent、87.5 percent、88.9 percent lower.
2) The rise of cracks on units with the second fusion is 75.4 percent lower than that that of rise on the units processed with water medium; The amount of traverse cracks is 59.7 percent lower.
3) The rise of cracks on units with electrical impulse is 80.7 percent lower than that that of rise on the units processed with water medium. The amount of traverse cracks is 31.9 percent lower.
引文
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[4] Xin Tong , Hong Zhou, Zhi-hui Zhang , Na Sun, Hong-yu Shan, Lu-quan Ren,Effects of surface shape on thermal fatigue resistance of biomimetic non-smooth cast iron,Materials Science and Engineering A 467 (2007) 97–103.
[5] Xin Tong, Hong Zhou , Li Chen , Zhi-hui Zhang , Lu-quan Ren,Effects of C content on the thermal fatigue resistance of cast iron with biomimetic non-smooth surface,International Journal of Fatigue 30 (2008) 1125–1133.
[6] Hong Zhou, Xin Tong, Zhihui Zhang, Xianzhou Li, Luquan Ren,The thermal fatigue resistance of cast iron with biomimetic non-smooth surface processed by laser with different parameters,Materials Science and Engineering A 428 (2006) 141–147.
[7] Hong Zhou, Hongyu Shan, Xin Tong, Zhihui Zhang, Luquan Ren,The adhesion of bionic non-smooth characteristics on sample surfaces against parts,Materials Science and Engineering A 417 (2006) 190–196.
[8] Hong yu Shan, Hong Zhou, Na Sun, Luquan Renb, Li Chen, Xianzhou Li,Study on adhesion resistance behavior of sample with striated non-smooth surface by laser processing technique,journal of materials processing technology 199(2008) 221–229.
[9] Qing-chun Guo , Hong Zhou , Cheng-tao Wang, Wei Zhang , Peng-yu Lin , Na Sun , Luquan Ren,Effect of medium on friction and wear properties of compacted graphite cast iron processed by biomimetic coupling laser remelting process,Applied Surface Science 255 (2009) 6266–6273.
[10] Hong Zhou , Qing-chun Guo , Peng-yu Lin , Wei-Zhang , Xu-li Zhang , Lu-quan Ren,Influence of H13 steel units on wear behavior of vermicular cast iron,AppliedSurface Science 255 (2008) 3394–3399.
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