基于LMI和MRD的建筑结构振动控制研究
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摘要
本文主要研究如何利用线性矩阵不等式（LMI）理论设计控制器，以便于磁流变阻尼器（MRD）更好地进行建筑结构抗震控制。
从H_∞干扰抑制理论出发，把地震激励当作“噪声”，用LMI方法，设计次优和最优的H_∞控制器。分析评价指标对控制性能的影响。考虑到控制力权重选取和实际工程中执行机构的饱和度，提出了改进的H_∞控制器设计方案。同时，利用H_∞控制的鲁棒性能和H_2控制的抑制性能，基于LMI多目标控制理论，设计出H_2/H_∞混合控制器，改善整体结构或特定楼层的绝对加速度，为MRD的不确定系统设计鲁棒的H_2/H_∞混合控制器提供理论依据。上述所有控制器的设计属于离线设计，算法简洁直接。对地震具有抑制性能，同时保证系统的稳定性。
为了使MRD能更好地模仿期望的主动控制力，提出半连续限幅最优控制策略，并讨论MRD跟踪主动控制力时存在的不确定性，设计了具有鲁棒性能的H_2/H_∞混合控制器。保证MRD的抑制性能和控制系统的鲁棒性。
本文所提出的方法保证了在MRD作为建筑结构振动控制装置时，在满足鲁棒稳定性情况下，具有最优的振动抑制性能。且算法简便，易于工程应用。MRD装置和本文提出的各种控制策略也适用其它结构系统的振动控制。
最后，基于Matlab6.1软件平台设计了地震作用下建筑结构振动控制图形用户界面，进行本文算例的计算和仿真，为后续的研究工作提供方便。
This dissertation presents some research work about how to design controllers based LMI, in order to employing MRD for seismic-excited buildings.
The suboptimal and optimal H_∞ controllers were designed based on the research results about H_∞ attenuation constraints and LMI and regarded seismic excitation as a 'noise'. Made a analysis of the effect about evaluation signal on the controllers. Furthermore, the controllers were improved to obtain better performance considering actuator saturation and the coefficient of control force. And then, according to the superiority of LMI about dealing with multi-objects, the robust performance of H_∞ control and the restrainability of H_2 control, a mixed H_2/H_∞ controller was designed for reducing the absolute acceleration of structure or the special floors. The method of getting the all above controllers is offline, direct and simple. The controllers are not only capable of restrain seismic excitation and also stabilize the control system.
Made MRD imitate the desirable active control force efficiently, the semi-connected and clipped-optimal control algorithm was put forward.Studied the uncertainties about MRD ,a robust stability H_2/H_∞ controller was performed to achieve the performance of disturbance rejection and robust.
By the approaches in this dissertation, MRD is able to attenuate seismic excitation and maintain the system robust stability. This approaches is simply, and suitable to apply to atual structures with facility. MRD，this strategy and controllers are applicable for other structural vibration under disturbance.
Finally, A graphic user interface (GUI) about the control for seismic-excitation buildings was proposed based on Matlab6.1.By means of the GUI,the numerical examples in this dissertation were calculated and simulated,and it is convenient for the further study.
从H_∞干扰抑制理论出发，把地震激励当作“噪声”，用LMI方法，设计次优和最优的H_∞控制器。分析评价指标对控制性能的影响。考虑到控制力权重选取和实际工程中执行机构的饱和度，提出了改进的H_∞控制器设计方案。同时，利用H_∞控制的鲁棒性能和H_2控制的抑制性能，基于LMI多目标控制理论，设计出H_2/H_∞混合控制器，改善整体结构或特定楼层的绝对加速度，为MRD的不确定系统设计鲁棒的H_2/H_∞混合控制器提供理论依据。上述所有控制器的设计属于离线设计，算法简洁直接。对地震具有抑制性能，同时保证系统的稳定性。
为了使MRD能更好地模仿期望的主动控制力，提出半连续限幅最优控制策略，并讨论MRD跟踪主动控制力时存在的不确定性，设计了具有鲁棒性能的H_2/H_∞混合控制器。保证MRD的抑制性能和控制系统的鲁棒性。
本文所提出的方法保证了在MRD作为建筑结构振动控制装置时，在满足鲁棒稳定性情况下，具有最优的振动抑制性能。且算法简便，易于工程应用。MRD装置和本文提出的各种控制策略也适用其它结构系统的振动控制。
最后，基于Matlab6.1软件平台设计了地震作用下建筑结构振动控制图形用户界面，进行本文算例的计算和仿真，为后续的研究工作提供方便。
This dissertation presents some research work about how to design controllers based LMI, in order to employing MRD for seismic-excited buildings.
The suboptimal and optimal H_∞ controllers were designed based on the research results about H_∞ attenuation constraints and LMI and regarded seismic excitation as a 'noise'. Made a analysis of the effect about evaluation signal on the controllers. Furthermore, the controllers were improved to obtain better performance considering actuator saturation and the coefficient of control force. And then, according to the superiority of LMI about dealing with multi-objects, the robust performance of H_∞ control and the restrainability of H_2 control, a mixed H_2/H_∞ controller was designed for reducing the absolute acceleration of structure or the special floors. The method of getting the all above controllers is offline, direct and simple. The controllers are not only capable of restrain seismic excitation and also stabilize the control system.
Made MRD imitate the desirable active control force efficiently, the semi-connected and clipped-optimal control algorithm was put forward.Studied the uncertainties about MRD ,a robust stability H_2/H_∞ controller was performed to achieve the performance of disturbance rejection and robust.
By the approaches in this dissertation, MRD is able to attenuate seismic excitation and maintain the system robust stability. This approaches is simply, and suitable to apply to atual structures with facility. MRD，this strategy and controllers are applicable for other structural vibration under disturbance.
Finally, A graphic user interface (GUI) about the control for seismic-excitation buildings was proposed based on Matlab6.1.By means of the GUI,the numerical examples in this dissertation were calculated and simulated,and it is convenient for the further study.
引文
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