辽东地区硼矿床区域成矿系统研究
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摘要
辽东地区硼矿床是我国特有的沉积变质再造型硼矿，但其成矿时代研究薄弱，成因类型和构造环境认识存在分歧。本论文以成矿系统理论为指导，应用当前的新技术、新方法、新理论，以野外地质调查为基础，以成岩成矿同位素地质年代学研究和岩石地球化学研究为手段，将辽东地区区域成矿地质背景及其演化与成矿作用研究相结合，总结了研究区基础地质、同位素地质、成矿系统、成矿规律，进行了成矿预测。
为确定硼矿的形成时代，利用高精度SHRIMP锆石U—Pb法，首次获得含硼岩系内电气石岩原岩年龄为2170Ma左右，变质年龄为1900Ma左右。结合已有测年结果，认为辽东硼矿主成矿时间为1900Ma，新元古代（885Ma）伴随Rodinia超大陆汇聚时间而产生进一步叠加富集，具有多期成矿作用特征。
系统地对后仙峪地区花岗质岩石和砖庙矿区含硼岩系富镁大理岩进行了岩石地球化学研究，表明该套层状混合岩系层状围岩重熔交代成因，其下部隐伏含硼岩系呈区域性展布，厘定了该区硼矿产出的空间结构。砖庙矿区富镁大理岩具有岩浆成因的特征，硼矿体与富镁大理岩层位一致，严格受其产状制约。
综合研究各个典型矿床地质特征，探讨成矿系统的基本要素，初步建立了辽东硼矿成矿系统模式，为典型的叠加成矿系统。成矿的区域地质背景是辽吉古裂谷及其各种地质作用的耦合，火山—沉积和热泉活动为成矿提供了有利的地质条件；成矿物质主要来自辽河群等老地层；成矿流体主要是变质热液，含矿流体交代镁质岩石是促使硼沉淀成矿的直接因素；哥伦比亚超大陆和罗迪尼亚超大陆汇聚事件引发大面积地热增温为硼矿成矿提供了大量的能量；褶皱构造派生的层间滑动带是含矿流体的运移通道，也是重要的储矿构造。
根据成矿系统理论研究，提出辽东硼矿成因上为火山（热水）沉积成矿叠加多期变质热液成矿的多因复成层控矿床，叠加后期构造改造。在此基础上，总结了成矿规律，进行成矿预测，圈定了4个远景区，为进一步找矿勘探工作提供了依据。
The borate deposits in Eastern Liaoning are,but its metallogenic time has not been wellconstrained yet. The metallogenic type and tectonic setting of the borate deposits are stillcontroversial. With the guidance of metallogenic system theory, based on field geologic survey,with the principal clue of the diagenetic and metallogenic isotope geochronology and petrologiclgeochemistry, by applying new technologies, new methods and new theories, and combiningwith the regional metallogenic geological background and its evolution to mineralizationresearch, the basic geology, the geology of mineral deposits, the metallogenic system andmineralization regularity are studied, and the metallogenic prediction is conducted.
To determine the formation age of the borate deposit, the hi—solution SHRIMP methodwas utilized and it is the first time to acquire the protolith age of the hyalotourmalites as almost2170Ma, and the metamorphic age as around1900Ma. According to dating results, it isconcluded that the main metallogenic age wass around1900Ma, and the economic deposit wasfurther enriched with the assembly of the Rodinia supercontinent. The borate deposits haveexperienced repeated mineralization.
Geochemistry of granitic rocks in Houxianyu district and Mg—rich marbles in Zhuanmiaodistrict is Systematically studied, showing that the bedded migmatite is formed by remelting andreplacing the sediments. The concealed boron—bearing series under the bedded migmatiteextends steadily, which defines the spacial structure of the borate deposit. The Mg—rich marbleshave the characteristics of magma causes, and the boron orebody is consistent with the strata ofmarbles and strictly restricted in occurrences.
Based on the comprehensive study on geological features and other mineralization points,the metallogenic system of borate deposits in Eastern Liaoning is established preliminarily in thispaper after discussion on the basic elements of mineralization system, which is typicallysuperimposed metallogenic system. It is regarded that the Liao—Ji paleo—rift coupling with thedifferent geological process is the key on regional set of mineralization. The volcanic sedimentand hot spring brought huge quantity of B, Mg and Fe—bearing fluids from the mantle and thelower crust up into the ore—forming basins, which provides benefic geological conditions formineralization especially. Most of boron is from palaeoproterozoic formations, such as LiaoheGroup and so on. The ore—forming fluid mainly evolved from metamorphic hydrothermal, which replaces strongly with magnesian rocks that is the most important factor to lead to borondeposit from fluid. The widespread geothermal heating which was triggered by ColumbiaSupercontinent and Rodinia Supercontinent assembly has procided much energy formineralization. The interstratified sliding belts which were derived from the fold strucrures werenot only the transportation channel of boron—bearing fluid, but also the ore housing.
According to the metallogenic system theory, it could be overally considered thestratabound deposits in multi—period and multi—genesis type of volcanic sedimentation beingsuperimposed by metamorphic—hydrothermal solution, which are related to the originalvolcanic(hydrothermal) sediment and subsequently experienced the multi—period regionalmetamorphism reformation, superposition of metamorphic hydrothermalism and also themineralization process of tectonomagmatism during the Indosinian—Yanshanian. Theredistribution and enrichment of metallogenetic element, caused by metasomatism with thedifferent ore—forming favourable rocks and the formation of multi—phase and multi—genesismetamorphic—hydrothermal solution, plays important roles in the development of borate deposit.Then the metallogenic regularity is summarized, and ore predication is made by the author andpreliminarily delineated4prospecting areas, which can be provided important scientific basis forfurther prospecting and exploration.
为确定硼矿的形成时代，利用高精度SHRIMP锆石U—Pb法，首次获得含硼岩系内电气石岩原岩年龄为2170Ma左右，变质年龄为1900Ma左右。结合已有测年结果，认为辽东硼矿主成矿时间为1900Ma，新元古代（885Ma）伴随Rodinia超大陆汇聚时间而产生进一步叠加富集，具有多期成矿作用特征。
系统地对后仙峪地区花岗质岩石和砖庙矿区含硼岩系富镁大理岩进行了岩石地球化学研究，表明该套层状混合岩系层状围岩重熔交代成因，其下部隐伏含硼岩系呈区域性展布，厘定了该区硼矿产出的空间结构。砖庙矿区富镁大理岩具有岩浆成因的特征，硼矿体与富镁大理岩层位一致，严格受其产状制约。
综合研究各个典型矿床地质特征，探讨成矿系统的基本要素，初步建立了辽东硼矿成矿系统模式，为典型的叠加成矿系统。成矿的区域地质背景是辽吉古裂谷及其各种地质作用的耦合，火山—沉积和热泉活动为成矿提供了有利的地质条件；成矿物质主要来自辽河群等老地层；成矿流体主要是变质热液，含矿流体交代镁质岩石是促使硼沉淀成矿的直接因素；哥伦比亚超大陆和罗迪尼亚超大陆汇聚事件引发大面积地热增温为硼矿成矿提供了大量的能量；褶皱构造派生的层间滑动带是含矿流体的运移通道，也是重要的储矿构造。
根据成矿系统理论研究，提出辽东硼矿成因上为火山（热水）沉积成矿叠加多期变质热液成矿的多因复成层控矿床，叠加后期构造改造。在此基础上，总结了成矿规律，进行成矿预测，圈定了4个远景区，为进一步找矿勘探工作提供了依据。
The borate deposits in Eastern Liaoning are,but its metallogenic time has not been wellconstrained yet. The metallogenic type and tectonic setting of the borate deposits are stillcontroversial. With the guidance of metallogenic system theory, based on field geologic survey,with the principal clue of the diagenetic and metallogenic isotope geochronology and petrologiclgeochemistry, by applying new technologies, new methods and new theories, and combiningwith the regional metallogenic geological background and its evolution to mineralizationresearch, the basic geology, the geology of mineral deposits, the metallogenic system andmineralization regularity are studied, and the metallogenic prediction is conducted.
To determine the formation age of the borate deposit, the hi—solution SHRIMP methodwas utilized and it is the first time to acquire the protolith age of the hyalotourmalites as almost2170Ma, and the metamorphic age as around1900Ma. According to dating results, it isconcluded that the main metallogenic age wass around1900Ma, and the economic deposit wasfurther enriched with the assembly of the Rodinia supercontinent. The borate deposits haveexperienced repeated mineralization.
Geochemistry of granitic rocks in Houxianyu district and Mg—rich marbles in Zhuanmiaodistrict is Systematically studied, showing that the bedded migmatite is formed by remelting andreplacing the sediments. The concealed boron—bearing series under the bedded migmatiteextends steadily, which defines the spacial structure of the borate deposit. The Mg—rich marbleshave the characteristics of magma causes, and the boron orebody is consistent with the strata ofmarbles and strictly restricted in occurrences.
Based on the comprehensive study on geological features and other mineralization points,the metallogenic system of borate deposits in Eastern Liaoning is established preliminarily in thispaper after discussion on the basic elements of mineralization system, which is typicallysuperimposed metallogenic system. It is regarded that the Liao—Ji paleo—rift coupling with thedifferent geological process is the key on regional set of mineralization. The volcanic sedimentand hot spring brought huge quantity of B, Mg and Fe—bearing fluids from the mantle and thelower crust up into the ore—forming basins, which provides benefic geological conditions formineralization especially. Most of boron is from palaeoproterozoic formations, such as LiaoheGroup and so on. The ore—forming fluid mainly evolved from metamorphic hydrothermal, which replaces strongly with magnesian rocks that is the most important factor to lead to borondeposit from fluid. The widespread geothermal heating which was triggered by ColumbiaSupercontinent and Rodinia Supercontinent assembly has procided much energy formineralization. The interstratified sliding belts which were derived from the fold strucrures werenot only the transportation channel of boron—bearing fluid, but also the ore housing.
According to the metallogenic system theory, it could be overally considered thestratabound deposits in multi—period and multi—genesis type of volcanic sedimentation beingsuperimposed by metamorphic—hydrothermal solution, which are related to the originalvolcanic(hydrothermal) sediment and subsequently experienced the multi—period regionalmetamorphism reformation, superposition of metamorphic hydrothermalism and also themineralization process of tectonomagmatism during the Indosinian—Yanshanian. Theredistribution and enrichment of metallogenetic element, caused by metasomatism with thedifferent ore—forming favourable rocks and the formation of multi—phase and multi—genesismetamorphic—hydrothermal solution, plays important roles in the development of borate deposit.Then the metallogenic regularity is summarized, and ore predication is made by the author andpreliminarily delineated4prospecting areas, which can be provided important scientific basis forfurther prospecting and exploration.
引文
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