高温多雨地区沥青路面病害环境与多场耦合效应研究
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摘要
高温多雨是海南典型的气候特征,也是路面病害形成的环境,其中高温和轴载是导致路面车辙的重要因素,路面渗入水、沥青路面结构层和交通荷载的动力耦合作用是导致路面水损害的重要原因。由于海南处于独特的热带环境,沥青的选用、混合料设计和路面结构组合设计都与海南省气候息息相关,因此,合理的气候分区对海南省沥青路面的合理设计至关重要。本文通过系统的调查研究、试验研究、以及理论推导和数值计算,获得如下成果：
(1)对海南省各级公路主干道的路面病害情况以及交通状况进行了调研与分析包括沥青路面使用现状,交通量及其组成、轴载及超载情况,综合分析和总结了海南省沥青路面病害的原因。
(2)基于海南18个典型地区的气候条件资料,采用ArcGIS软件,综合运用多种分区方法,对海南省的高温、低温、降雨量及潮湿系数进行分区,并对这些因素进行指标体系范围和名称的确定,根据制定的指标体系,对整个海南省地区进行了气候区域划分,并将海南省划分为8个不同气候特征的气候区域,供路面设计参考。
(3)通过现场试验采集试验路现场的太阳辐射、大气温度、风速和路面结构层内不同深度的路面温度,获得海南省公路沥青路面温度场及其主要影响因素的试验数据,基于现场试验结果结合传热学理论建立了路面温度场关于太阳辐射、气温和风速的理论-经验预估模型,提出了海南省沥青路面温度场的预估方法,并针对海南地区提出了模型参数的建议取值。
(4)针对车辙产生的外部条件,利用大型有限元软件ABAQUS分析海南省自然环境与交通状况下车辙形成的特点,并通过与其它地区的对比,分析海南省自然环境与交通特点对海南省沥青路面车辙病害的影响,为总结海南省沥青路面车辙病害的原因提供依据。
(5)参照目前国内外常用的模拟水环境条件的试验方法,即模拟高温浸泡和冻融循环两种水作用环境,研究无水条件、高温浸水和冻融循环后的沥青混合料常规力学性能和高温稳定性的变化规律及其影响因素,探讨沥青混合料级配和空隙率对沥青混合料水稳定性的影响机制。
(6)基于Biot固结理论建立在移动交通荷载作用下“上面层-下面层-基层-路基”动力响应分析模型,采用Fourier级数和Fourier变换方法求解模型,获得面层中渗流场和应力场的解析解。基于解析结果,分析上下面层不同的破坏机理,从水损害的角度阐述超载对路面病害的影响。
The high temperature and heavy rain are characterized as the climate character in Hainan province where the pavement damage is generally occured. The high temperature and axle load are the important factors resulting in rutting. The dynamic coupling action between infiltration water in pavement, asphalt pavement structure and traffic load are the main reason of water damage in pavement. Due to the special tropical environment in Hainan province, the asphalt selection, mixture design and pavement structure design are closely related to the climate of Hainan province, thus, the reasonable climate region and temperature distribution pattern are much significant for pavement design. Through the systematic investigation, field test, theoretic derivation and numerical calculation, the achievements can be drawn as follows:
(1) The pavement disease and traffic conditions of highway main stem in Hainan province were investigated including asphalt pavement situation and performance, traffic volume and composition, axle load and overload, in order to synthetically analyze and sum up the reasons of asphalt pavement disease in Hainan province.
(2) Based on the climate data collected in18typical areas in Hainan province, the software ArcGIS was employed to make regions by various methods in terms of high temperature, low temperature, rainfall and damp coefficient. Further, the index system and name of those factors were determined, base on which the8climate regions of Hainan province were made for contributing to pavement design.
(3) The data of solar radiation, air temperature, wind speed and temperature distributed in pavement structure were collected through the field test. Based on the test results and heat transfer theory, the empirical-theoretical prediction model was established related to solar radiation, air temperature and wind speed, then, the prediction method of pavement temperature field was presented and the model parameters were analyzed and their suggestion values were given.
(4) For the external condition of rutting formation, the finite element software ABAQUS was employed to analyze the rutting formation under the natural environment and traffic condition in Hainan province. Meanwhile, the comparison analysis of the rutting damage characteristics in Hainan province was made by comparing that of different areas such as Wuhan, Nanning and Guangzhou cities to emphasize the differences between Hainan and those areas and sum up the reason of rutting damage of pavement in Hainan province.
(5) The general mechanical performance, change law of high temperature stability and influencing factors were studied under the without water condition, high temperature water condition and freeze-thaw cycle condition by referring to commonly used methods of simulating the water environment that the high temperature water and freeze-thaw cycle conditions. Further, the effects of mixture grading and porosity on the water stability of asphalt mixture were discussed.
(6) Based on Biot's consolidation theory, the multi layers model "upper-lower surface course, base and sub-grade" subjected to moving traffic load was established to analyze the dynamic response of asphalt pavement. The Fourier series and Fourier transform method were employed to solve the model and the analytical solutions of seepage and stress fields were obtained. Based those calculation results, the different damage mechanism of upper and lower surface were examined and the effect of overload on the pavement disease was illustrated from the aspect of water damage.
(1)对海南省各级公路主干道的路面病害情况以及交通状况进行了调研与分析包括沥青路面使用现状,交通量及其组成、轴载及超载情况,综合分析和总结了海南省沥青路面病害的原因。
(2)基于海南18个典型地区的气候条件资料,采用ArcGIS软件,综合运用多种分区方法,对海南省的高温、低温、降雨量及潮湿系数进行分区,并对这些因素进行指标体系范围和名称的确定,根据制定的指标体系,对整个海南省地区进行了气候区域划分,并将海南省划分为8个不同气候特征的气候区域,供路面设计参考。
(3)通过现场试验采集试验路现场的太阳辐射、大气温度、风速和路面结构层内不同深度的路面温度,获得海南省公路沥青路面温度场及其主要影响因素的试验数据,基于现场试验结果结合传热学理论建立了路面温度场关于太阳辐射、气温和风速的理论-经验预估模型,提出了海南省沥青路面温度场的预估方法,并针对海南地区提出了模型参数的建议取值。
(4)针对车辙产生的外部条件,利用大型有限元软件ABAQUS分析海南省自然环境与交通状况下车辙形成的特点,并通过与其它地区的对比,分析海南省自然环境与交通特点对海南省沥青路面车辙病害的影响,为总结海南省沥青路面车辙病害的原因提供依据。
(5)参照目前国内外常用的模拟水环境条件的试验方法,即模拟高温浸泡和冻融循环两种水作用环境,研究无水条件、高温浸水和冻融循环后的沥青混合料常规力学性能和高温稳定性的变化规律及其影响因素,探讨沥青混合料级配和空隙率对沥青混合料水稳定性的影响机制。
(6)基于Biot固结理论建立在移动交通荷载作用下“上面层-下面层-基层-路基”动力响应分析模型,采用Fourier级数和Fourier变换方法求解模型,获得面层中渗流场和应力场的解析解。基于解析结果,分析上下面层不同的破坏机理,从水损害的角度阐述超载对路面病害的影响。
The high temperature and heavy rain are characterized as the climate character in Hainan province where the pavement damage is generally occured. The high temperature and axle load are the important factors resulting in rutting. The dynamic coupling action between infiltration water in pavement, asphalt pavement structure and traffic load are the main reason of water damage in pavement. Due to the special tropical environment in Hainan province, the asphalt selection, mixture design and pavement structure design are closely related to the climate of Hainan province, thus, the reasonable climate region and temperature distribution pattern are much significant for pavement design. Through the systematic investigation, field test, theoretic derivation and numerical calculation, the achievements can be drawn as follows:
(1) The pavement disease and traffic conditions of highway main stem in Hainan province were investigated including asphalt pavement situation and performance, traffic volume and composition, axle load and overload, in order to synthetically analyze and sum up the reasons of asphalt pavement disease in Hainan province.
(2) Based on the climate data collected in18typical areas in Hainan province, the software ArcGIS was employed to make regions by various methods in terms of high temperature, low temperature, rainfall and damp coefficient. Further, the index system and name of those factors were determined, base on which the8climate regions of Hainan province were made for contributing to pavement design.
(3) The data of solar radiation, air temperature, wind speed and temperature distributed in pavement structure were collected through the field test. Based on the test results and heat transfer theory, the empirical-theoretical prediction model was established related to solar radiation, air temperature and wind speed, then, the prediction method of pavement temperature field was presented and the model parameters were analyzed and their suggestion values were given.
(4) For the external condition of rutting formation, the finite element software ABAQUS was employed to analyze the rutting formation under the natural environment and traffic condition in Hainan province. Meanwhile, the comparison analysis of the rutting damage characteristics in Hainan province was made by comparing that of different areas such as Wuhan, Nanning and Guangzhou cities to emphasize the differences between Hainan and those areas and sum up the reason of rutting damage of pavement in Hainan province.
(5) The general mechanical performance, change law of high temperature stability and influencing factors were studied under the without water condition, high temperature water condition and freeze-thaw cycle condition by referring to commonly used methods of simulating the water environment that the high temperature water and freeze-thaw cycle conditions. Further, the effects of mixture grading and porosity on the water stability of asphalt mixture were discussed.
(6) Based on Biot's consolidation theory, the multi layers model "upper-lower surface course, base and sub-grade" subjected to moving traffic load was established to analyze the dynamic response of asphalt pavement. The Fourier series and Fourier transform method were employed to solve the model and the analytical solutions of seepage and stress fields were obtained. Based those calculation results, the different damage mechanism of upper and lower surface were examined and the effect of overload on the pavement disease was illustrated from the aspect of water damage.
引文
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