中远液货船队风险辨识与对策研究
摘要
中远集团是我国最大规模的航运企业和世界第二大综合性航运企业。到2009年3月,拥有和经营着800余艘现代化船舶、5000余万载重吨,海运量达4亿多吨。中远液体散货船队以巨型油船为主,兼有原油船、成品油船、液化气船、化学品船等各类液体散货船舶40余艘、600多万载重吨,其中包括目前全国最大、世界领先的30万吨超级油轮。
随着全球经济的发展,对液货的需求越来越大。从世界液货船市场的变化及我国能源储备的需要看,作为担负我国石油进口主力船队重任的中远集团,计划2012年将液货船队扩大到1000万载重吨,这一决策,基本符合世界油轮市场及液货船市场的需求。从中远液货船队、当今世界液货船队现有的规模、未来发展来看,海洋运输存在着巨大风险；而液货本身又具有很大的危险性,容易引发溢油、火灾爆炸等事故,后果严重,对世界海洋环境构成的威胁是无法估量的。
本项研究的目的是在研究世界各国有关液货船运输统计数据的基础上,根据液货船队的风险类别确定各类风险的出险概率。重要的是根据中远液货船队的现有规模及未来发展,确定出中远公司经营船队的风险大小、出险概率,并结合对该公司具体管理机制的分析,确定影响该公司风险的各种因素。最后,基于研究和分析结果,提出需要采取的应对策略。
本文研究结果对保障液货船安全运输、防止重特大恶性事故的发生、最大程度地控制和减少人员伤亡及污染海洋都具有一定的实际意义。
“我们的海洋,我们的责任”,让“航行更安全,海洋更清洁”,这是一个永恒的主题,也是本文研究的最终目的。
COSCO Group is China's largest shipping company and the world's second largest integrated shipping company. To March 2009, owns and operates a modern fleet of more than 800 ships, more than 5,000 million DWT, sea amounted to more than 400 million tons. COSCO liquid bulk fleet VLCC-based, with a combined crude oil ships, product tankers, LPG carriers, chemical and other types of liquid bulk cargo ships ship more than 40 ships, more than 600 million DWT, including the current largest, the World 300,000 tons a leading super-tankers.
With the global economy, the growing request for liquid cargo. From the world tanker market changes and the need to see our country's energy reserves, as the responsible task of China's oil imports of the main fleet of COSCO Group, plans to tankers team in 2012 expanded to 10 million DWT, the decision-making, broadly in line with the world's oil tanker market and the tanker market. Tankers from the COSCO team in today's world team of existing tankers the size of the future development of point of view, there is great risk of maritime transport; and liquid cargo itself has great risk, is apt to cause oil spills, fires, explosions and other accidents, serious consequences for the world pose a threat to the marine environment is immeasurable.
The purpose of this study is to study the relevant countries of the world tanker transport statistics based on the risk categories tankers team to determine the probability of various types of risks. Important thing is team based COSCO tankers current size and future development, identify the risk of COSCO company fleet size, risk probability, combined with the company's analysis of specific management mechanism to determine the impact of the company's risk factors Finally based on research and analysis, to the need to take countermeasures.
The results of this study to the protection of the safe transport of liquid cargo to prevent the occurrence of major accidents, to maximize control and reduce pollution of the marine casualties and have some practical significance.
"Our oceans our responsibility," so that "navigation safer and cleaner oceans", which is an eternal theme, but also the ultimate goal of this study.
随着全球经济的发展,对液货的需求越来越大。从世界液货船市场的变化及我国能源储备的需要看,作为担负我国石油进口主力船队重任的中远集团,计划2012年将液货船队扩大到1000万载重吨,这一决策,基本符合世界油轮市场及液货船市场的需求。从中远液货船队、当今世界液货船队现有的规模、未来发展来看,海洋运输存在着巨大风险；而液货本身又具有很大的危险性,容易引发溢油、火灾爆炸等事故,后果严重,对世界海洋环境构成的威胁是无法估量的。
本项研究的目的是在研究世界各国有关液货船运输统计数据的基础上,根据液货船队的风险类别确定各类风险的出险概率。重要的是根据中远液货船队的现有规模及未来发展,确定出中远公司经营船队的风险大小、出险概率,并结合对该公司具体管理机制的分析,确定影响该公司风险的各种因素。最后,基于研究和分析结果,提出需要采取的应对策略。
本文研究结果对保障液货船安全运输、防止重特大恶性事故的发生、最大程度地控制和减少人员伤亡及污染海洋都具有一定的实际意义。
“我们的海洋,我们的责任”,让“航行更安全,海洋更清洁”,这是一个永恒的主题,也是本文研究的最终目的。
COSCO Group is China's largest shipping company and the world's second largest integrated shipping company. To March 2009, owns and operates a modern fleet of more than 800 ships, more than 5,000 million DWT, sea amounted to more than 400 million tons. COSCO liquid bulk fleet VLCC-based, with a combined crude oil ships, product tankers, LPG carriers, chemical and other types of liquid bulk cargo ships ship more than 40 ships, more than 600 million DWT, including the current largest, the World 300,000 tons a leading super-tankers.
With the global economy, the growing request for liquid cargo. From the world tanker market changes and the need to see our country's energy reserves, as the responsible task of China's oil imports of the main fleet of COSCO Group, plans to tankers team in 2012 expanded to 10 million DWT, the decision-making, broadly in line with the world's oil tanker market and the tanker market. Tankers from the COSCO team in today's world team of existing tankers the size of the future development of point of view, there is great risk of maritime transport; and liquid cargo itself has great risk, is apt to cause oil spills, fires, explosions and other accidents, serious consequences for the world pose a threat to the marine environment is immeasurable.
The purpose of this study is to study the relevant countries of the world tanker transport statistics based on the risk categories tankers team to determine the probability of various types of risks. Important thing is team based COSCO tankers current size and future development, identify the risk of COSCO company fleet size, risk probability, combined with the company's analysis of specific management mechanism to determine the impact of the company's risk factors Finally based on research and analysis, to the need to take countermeasures.
The results of this study to the protection of the safe transport of liquid cargo to prevent the occurrence of major accidents, to maximize control and reduce pollution of the marine casualties and have some practical significance.
"Our oceans our responsibility," so that "navigation safer and cleaner oceans", which is an eternal theme, but also the ultimate goal of this study.
引文
[1]http://www.mcqservices.com/reg.htm
[2]http://www.intertanko.com/
[3]http://www.jgoship.no/
[4]World Oil Institute. Mandarin the Oil Resource. http://www.worldcoal.org/assets_cm/files/PDF/thecoalresource.pdf
[5]IMO.1974 International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea.2004.
[6]Transports Canada. Marine Safety. Notice to Shipmasters Loading, Transporting And Unloading Oils. TP10944E.2002,9.
[7]Philip Rogers, John Strange, Brian Studd. Oil Carriage By Sea. LLP, Second Edition,1997.
[8]Captain J Isbester FNI MRIN Extra Master. Bulk Oil Carried by Sea Practice. The Nautical Institute,2007.
[9]http://www.ukpandi.com/ukpandi/infopool.nsf/HTML/index?OpenDocument
[10]Transports Canada. Carriage of Fine Particled Canadian Coal.
[11]Berry, Dr W. E. and Goscrinski, J.S. Danger of Oils at sea. Causes & Solution. Seaways,1983.
[12]Carriage of oil by sea. UK P&I CLUB Circular—11/91,1991.
[13]http://www.simic.net.cn/news/detail.jsp?id=11486
[14]International Marine Accident Reporting Scheme. Marine Oils. South Atlantic Report NO.95001. http://www.nautinst.org/MARS/mars95/95001.htm
[15]British Petroleum. Statistical Review of World Energy.2008. http://www.bp.com/statisticalreview
[16]Tamaki URA Institute of Industrial Science. Determination of Transportable Danger of Oil Bulk Cargoes. University of Tokyo,2007.
[17]http://www.methanetomarkets.org/coalmines/index.htm
[18]http://www.ukpandi.com/ukpandi/infopool.nsf/HTML/index?OpenDocument
[19]http://www.tc.gc.ca/marine/menu.htm
[20]Code of Practice for the Safe Handing and Ocean Transport of South African Coal. South African Department of Transport.
[21]IMO. International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code.2006.
[2]http://www.intertanko.com/
[3]http://www.jgoship.no/
[4]World Oil Institute. Mandarin the Oil Resource. http://www.worldcoal.org/assets_cm/files/PDF/thecoalresource.pdf
[5]IMO.1974 International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea.2004.
[6]Transports Canada. Marine Safety. Notice to Shipmasters Loading, Transporting And Unloading Oils. TP10944E.2002,9.
[7]Philip Rogers, John Strange, Brian Studd. Oil Carriage By Sea. LLP, Second Edition,1997.
[8]Captain J Isbester FNI MRIN Extra Master. Bulk Oil Carried by Sea Practice. The Nautical Institute,2007.
[9]http://www.ukpandi.com/ukpandi/infopool.nsf/HTML/index?OpenDocument
[10]Transports Canada. Carriage of Fine Particled Canadian Coal.
[11]Berry, Dr W. E. and Goscrinski, J.S. Danger of Oils at sea. Causes & Solution. Seaways,1983.
[12]Carriage of oil by sea. UK P&I CLUB Circular—11/91,1991.
[13]http://www.simic.net.cn/news/detail.jsp?id=11486
[14]International Marine Accident Reporting Scheme. Marine Oils. South Atlantic Report NO.95001. http://www.nautinst.org/MARS/mars95/95001.htm
[15]British Petroleum. Statistical Review of World Energy.2008. http://www.bp.com/statisticalreview
[16]Tamaki URA Institute of Industrial Science. Determination of Transportable Danger of Oil Bulk Cargoes. University of Tokyo,2007.
[17]http://www.methanetomarkets.org/coalmines/index.htm
[18]http://www.ukpandi.com/ukpandi/infopool.nsf/HTML/index?OpenDocument
[19]http://www.tc.gc.ca/marine/menu.htm
[20]Code of Practice for the Safe Handing and Ocean Transport of South African Coal. South African Department of Transport.
[21]IMO. International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code.2006.