移动Ad Hoc网络QoS多播路由协议的研究
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摘要
移动Ad Hoc网络是由一组带有无线收发装置的移动节点所组成的一个临时性多跳自治系统,在军事和民用方面具有广阔的应用前景,是目前网络研究中的热点问题。随着多媒体应用日益普及,在移动Ad Hoc网络中提供QoS已经逐渐成为移动Ad Hoc网络研究中的一个重要研究领域.但是,移动Ad Hoc网络的无线多跳特性、网络带宽资源有限、网络拓扑结构动态变化等因素使得在移动Ad Hoc网络中提供QoS变得更加复杂,给网络研究人员带来了新的挑战。
近年来,国内外学者在QoS路由技术方面做了大量的研究,但是仍然存在许多未解决的问题,特别是在移动Ad Hoc网络上支持QoS路由技术的研究尚处于初级阶段。论文在研究分析国内外大量相关文献的基础上,对如何在移动Ad Hoc网络中提供具有QoS保证的路由协议和算法进行了较深入的研究,主要工作体现在以下几个方面:
1)通过对已经提出的Ad Hoc网络路由算法的研究,分析了在移动Ad Hoc网络中实施QoS路由保障涉及的问题以及QoS路由实现的思路和方法;研究了移动Ad Hoc网络QoS路山协议的一些最新进展动态,并对移动Ad Hoc网络研究所提出的主要QoS路由协议进行了分析、研究和对比。
2)在分析多径路由技术的基础上,着重对AODV协议进行了研究,提出了一种基于AODV协议并能提供QoS保障的路由协议(AODVMQR,Ad HocOn-Demand Distance Vector Multipath QoS Routing)。AODVMQR协议采用了降低开销和时延的机制、多径路由机制和移动预测的思想,并以带宽作为QoS参数,提供了QoS保障。在路由发现过程中,AODVMQR协议采用了DSR协议路由记录的思路寻找节点不相关多径路由。在业务分配上,AODVMQR协议借鉴了MSR协议均衡负载的方法,为每条路径设定权值,并根据权值来分配业务量。仿真结果表明,AODVMQR协议减少了路由开销,提高了分组传输率,降低了时延,改善了网络的服务质量。
3)在分析现有移动Ad Hoc网络能量约束路由协议的基础上,提出了一种基于能量约束的路由协议(ECRP,Ad Hoc Energy Constrained Routing Protocol)。ECRP基于移动网络节点的能量级以及不同的使用策略,不仅使系统消耗的能量较低而且也延长了系统的生命周期以及改进了延时特性。论文给出了ECRP的正确性和复杂性分析。仿真结果表明ECRP具有较好的延时特性、较低的能量消耗和较长的网络生命周期,是一种解决移动Ad Hoc网络路由的有效方法。
4)在分析基于能量优化多播路由算法的的基础上,建立了一种QoS多播路由的网络模型,并在网络模型的基础上,结合能量模型、极值元素组合和改进的遗传算法设计了一种基于能量的QoS多播路由优化算法(EQMROA,EnergyConstrained QoS Multicast Routing Optimization Algorithm)。仿真结果表明此算法是可行和有效的。它为移动Ad Hoc网络QoS多播路由技术提供了一种新的有效途径。
本文得到国家自然科学基金项目(60672137,60773211)、教育部博士点基金项目(20060497015)、湖北省科技攻关项目(2007AA101C63)等的资助。
Mobile Ad Hoc networks(MANET) with the prospect of extensive application in military and civilian fields,which are multi-hop temporary autonomous system of mobile nodes equipped with wireless transceivers and receivers,have been a study focus in current network research.With the prevalence of multimedia applications, the Quality of Service(QoS ) issue has been regarded as an important research field in Mobile Ad Hoe networks.However,it is more complex to provide QoS in MANET characterized with multi-hop,limited bandwidth resource and dynamic network topology than in traditional wired or wireless networks.Therefore networks researchers are confronted with new challenges.
Scholars at home and abroad have done enormous researches studies on QoS routing in recent years,however there still exist many unresolved problems and the studies on QoS routing technology in MANET just begin,especially in the initial stage of QoS routing technology in MANET.Based on studying and analysis of current relevant research contributions,this dissertation makes extensive and thorough research on how to provide routing protocols and algorithms with QoS guarantee in mobile Ad Hoc networks.The main work can be seen as follows:
1) Based on research of the existing Ad Hoc network routing algorithms,the dissertation discusses QoS routing and the implementation of the ideas and methods in mobile Ad Hoc networks.It describes some of latest research on QoS routing protocols and presents the analysis and comparison of performance on QoS routing protocols.
2) Based on analysis of multipath routing and AODV,the dissertation puts forward a mobile Ad Hoc on-demand distance vector multipath QoS routing protocol (AODVMQR) based on AODV.The protocol takes some measures to reduce cost and delay,makes use of multipath routing mechanism and the idea of motion predicting,provides the guarantee of QoS which parameter is bandwidth.It quotes the thought of routing record in DSR to discover several disjoint routing in the phase of routing discovery.It uses the method to balance load in MSR,which set weigh in each route to allocate business.The simulation result shows that AODVMQR protocol decreases the routing cost,increases the packet delivery rate and decreases the end to end delay,improve the quality of service.
3) The dissertation puts forward a mobile Ad Hoc energy constrained routing protocol(ECRP) based on analyzing existing routing protocols.ECRP not only makes the system energy consumption low but also prolongs the system lifetime and improves the delay characteristic based on the mobile network node energy level and using the different forward tactics.In this dissertation,the proof of correctness and complexity analysis of ECRP are given.The simulation result shows that ECRP has a better delay performance,a lower energy consumption and longer network lifetime and provides an available approach to Ad Hoc networks routing.
4) The dissertation puts forward a network model based on analysis of energy constrained multicast routing optimization algorithm.Combined network model, energy model,combination of extreme elements and improved genetic algorithms,it presents an energy constrained QoS multicast routing optimization algorithm.The simulation result shows that the algorithm is feasible and effective and provides an available approach to Ad Hoc networks QoS multicast routing.
This dissertation is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60172035,60773211),Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20060497015),and the Research Project of Hubei Province of China(No.2007AA101C63).
近年来,国内外学者在QoS路由技术方面做了大量的研究,但是仍然存在许多未解决的问题,特别是在移动Ad Hoc网络上支持QoS路由技术的研究尚处于初级阶段。论文在研究分析国内外大量相关文献的基础上,对如何在移动Ad Hoc网络中提供具有QoS保证的路由协议和算法进行了较深入的研究,主要工作体现在以下几个方面:
1)通过对已经提出的Ad Hoc网络路由算法的研究,分析了在移动Ad Hoc网络中实施QoS路由保障涉及的问题以及QoS路由实现的思路和方法;研究了移动Ad Hoc网络QoS路山协议的一些最新进展动态,并对移动Ad Hoc网络研究所提出的主要QoS路由协议进行了分析、研究和对比。
2)在分析多径路由技术的基础上,着重对AODV协议进行了研究,提出了一种基于AODV协议并能提供QoS保障的路由协议(AODVMQR,Ad HocOn-Demand Distance Vector Multipath QoS Routing)。AODVMQR协议采用了降低开销和时延的机制、多径路由机制和移动预测的思想,并以带宽作为QoS参数,提供了QoS保障。在路由发现过程中,AODVMQR协议采用了DSR协议路由记录的思路寻找节点不相关多径路由。在业务分配上,AODVMQR协议借鉴了MSR协议均衡负载的方法,为每条路径设定权值,并根据权值来分配业务量。仿真结果表明,AODVMQR协议减少了路由开销,提高了分组传输率,降低了时延,改善了网络的服务质量。
3)在分析现有移动Ad Hoc网络能量约束路由协议的基础上,提出了一种基于能量约束的路由协议(ECRP,Ad Hoc Energy Constrained Routing Protocol)。ECRP基于移动网络节点的能量级以及不同的使用策略,不仅使系统消耗的能量较低而且也延长了系统的生命周期以及改进了延时特性。论文给出了ECRP的正确性和复杂性分析。仿真结果表明ECRP具有较好的延时特性、较低的能量消耗和较长的网络生命周期,是一种解决移动Ad Hoc网络路由的有效方法。
4)在分析基于能量优化多播路由算法的的基础上,建立了一种QoS多播路由的网络模型,并在网络模型的基础上,结合能量模型、极值元素组合和改进的遗传算法设计了一种基于能量的QoS多播路由优化算法(EQMROA,EnergyConstrained QoS Multicast Routing Optimization Algorithm)。仿真结果表明此算法是可行和有效的。它为移动Ad Hoc网络QoS多播路由技术提供了一种新的有效途径。
本文得到国家自然科学基金项目(60672137,60773211)、教育部博士点基金项目(20060497015)、湖北省科技攻关项目(2007AA101C63)等的资助。
Mobile Ad Hoc networks(MANET) with the prospect of extensive application in military and civilian fields,which are multi-hop temporary autonomous system of mobile nodes equipped with wireless transceivers and receivers,have been a study focus in current network research.With the prevalence of multimedia applications, the Quality of Service(QoS ) issue has been regarded as an important research field in Mobile Ad Hoe networks.However,it is more complex to provide QoS in MANET characterized with multi-hop,limited bandwidth resource and dynamic network topology than in traditional wired or wireless networks.Therefore networks researchers are confronted with new challenges.
Scholars at home and abroad have done enormous researches studies on QoS routing in recent years,however there still exist many unresolved problems and the studies on QoS routing technology in MANET just begin,especially in the initial stage of QoS routing technology in MANET.Based on studying and analysis of current relevant research contributions,this dissertation makes extensive and thorough research on how to provide routing protocols and algorithms with QoS guarantee in mobile Ad Hoc networks.The main work can be seen as follows:
1) Based on research of the existing Ad Hoc network routing algorithms,the dissertation discusses QoS routing and the implementation of the ideas and methods in mobile Ad Hoc networks.It describes some of latest research on QoS routing protocols and presents the analysis and comparison of performance on QoS routing protocols.
2) Based on analysis of multipath routing and AODV,the dissertation puts forward a mobile Ad Hoc on-demand distance vector multipath QoS routing protocol (AODVMQR) based on AODV.The protocol takes some measures to reduce cost and delay,makes use of multipath routing mechanism and the idea of motion predicting,provides the guarantee of QoS which parameter is bandwidth.It quotes the thought of routing record in DSR to discover several disjoint routing in the phase of routing discovery.It uses the method to balance load in MSR,which set weigh in each route to allocate business.The simulation result shows that AODVMQR protocol decreases the routing cost,increases the packet delivery rate and decreases the end to end delay,improve the quality of service.
3) The dissertation puts forward a mobile Ad Hoc energy constrained routing protocol(ECRP) based on analyzing existing routing protocols.ECRP not only makes the system energy consumption low but also prolongs the system lifetime and improves the delay characteristic based on the mobile network node energy level and using the different forward tactics.In this dissertation,the proof of correctness and complexity analysis of ECRP are given.The simulation result shows that ECRP has a better delay performance,a lower energy consumption and longer network lifetime and provides an available approach to Ad Hoc networks routing.
4) The dissertation puts forward a network model based on analysis of energy constrained multicast routing optimization algorithm.Combined network model, energy model,combination of extreme elements and improved genetic algorithms,it presents an energy constrained QoS multicast routing optimization algorithm.The simulation result shows that the algorithm is feasible and effective and provides an available approach to Ad Hoc networks QoS multicast routing.
This dissertation is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60172035,60773211),Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20060497015),and the Research Project of Hubei Province of China(No.2007AA101C63).
引文
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