用户名: 密码: 验证码:
A/O摇动床生物膜反应器处理石化废水的研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
石油化工废水是一种高浓度的有机废水,废水水量大,污染物成分复杂,水质水量常有大的波动,而且水中污染物多是有害的有机物,对水体会造成严重的污染。目前大部分炼油厂对污水采用隔油-浮选-生化曝气的二级处理工艺流程,这种处理工艺存在氨氮降解效果差的问题。而生物膜反应器工艺作为一种新兴的工艺,近年来被广泛的应用于高浓度生活污水和高浓度工业废水的处理。
     本实验利用A/O的生物脱氮技术,并结合生物膜反应器的优点,采用新型Biofringe填料与A/O工艺相结合,设计一体化A/O摇动床生物膜反应器。在实验过程中,对新型填料容易挂膜、时间短、成功率高的特性进行了验证。并通过改变反应器的运行参数,确定回流比、水力停留时间及碳氮比对反应器在COD、NH_3-N、TN等指标方面去除效果的影响。
     通过在镇海炼化现场进行的小试实验,确认了系统在最佳运行参数条件下,即水力停留时间为24小时,回流比为3时,COD的去除率达到85%以上,NH_3-N的去除率达到93%以上,TN的去除率达到70%以上,对石化废水中氨氮和总氮的去除取得了良好的效果。在连续运行过程中,本实验还对反应器各单元在处理石化废水时对各指标的去除效果、功能进行了详细的分析研究,为进一步在石油化工废水处理中的应用提供了实验依据。
Petrochemical wastewater is a kind of high-strength organic wastewater which is always of great volume, complex components, undulation of the quantity and quality of the effluent, and what's more, most of the pollutants are toxic organics which would pollute the water badly. The oil isolating-flotation-biologic aeration which was inefficient in degradation of NH3-N was adopted by most of the refineries recently. As a novel technology, biofilm reactor was applied abroad to treat high-concentration civil and industrial wastewater.
    Integrated with the advantages of biofilm reactor, an integrative swim-bed biofilm reactor which introduced the Biofringe carrier was designed. During the experiment, the characteristics of the new type carrier such as the easier biofilm formation, the shorter time consumed, the high success rate were validated. And the effects of the circumfluence ratio, HRT and C/N on the degradation of COD, NH3-N, TN, were ascertained by the method of changing the operating parameters.
    The optimal operating parameters that the HRT was 24h and the circumfluence ratio was 3 were obtained from the laboratory-scale experiments in the Sinopec Zhenhai Refining & Chemical Company Limited. The removal effect of COD was over 85%, and above 93% NH3-N removal effect and 70% TN removal effect were acquired under the optimization. In the continuous operating process, the analysis about the removal and function of each index of each unit was done in detail. It would provide experimental foundation for future application of this A/O swim-bed technology in treating petrochemical wastewater.
引文
[1] 王良均,吴孟周主编.石油化工废水处理设计手册.北京:中国石化出版社.1996.
    [2] 《中国环境统计》专题组.中国环境统计2000.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2003.
    [3] 刘天齐主编.石油化工环境保护手册.北京:烃类加工出版社,1990.
    [4] 耿士锁.物化法处理炼油废水.江苏环境科技,1999,12(3):9-11.
    [5] 耿士锁.高效物化法处理炼油废水,环境导报,2000,3:12-14.
    [6] 陈卫玮.CAF涡凹气浮处理含油废水的中试试验研究.油气田环境保护,2002,12(4):32-34.
    [7] 冉祥军.涡凹气浮(CAF)系统在处理石化废水中的应用.油气田环境保护,2000,10(1):43~45.
    [8] 朱东辉,郑召宏.MAF旋切气浮技术在炼油厂污水处理中的应用.石油化工环境保护,2002,25(3):16-18,43.
    [9] Chun Yang Yin, Mohd Kheircddine Aroua and Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud. Review of modifications of activated carbon for enhancing contaminant uptakes from aqueous solutions. Separation and Purification Technology, 2007, 52(3): 403-415
    [10] Christiano C. Rodrigues, Dcovaldo dc Moracs, Jr., Scleudc W. da N6brega and Marcio G. Barboza. Ammonia adsorption in a fixcd bed of activated carbon. Biorcsourcc Technology, 2007, 98(4): 886-891.
    [11] Lidy E. Fratila-Apachitei, Maria D. Kennedy, John D. Linton, Ingo Blume and Jan C. Schippers. Influence of membrane morphology on the flux decline during dead-end ultrafiltration of refinery and petrochemical waste water. Journal of Membrane Science, 2001, 182(1-2): 151-159.
    [12] 黎松强,吴馥萍.臭氧.生物炭深度处理炼油废水研究.中国给水排水,2003,19(13):108-110.
    [13] 陈怡.卢建国.混凝气浮.臭氧生物活性碳串联工艺深度处理炼油废水的应用研究.石油化工环境保护,2005,28(2):7-12.
    [14] 方忠海,薛家慧,仝志明,沈霖.超滤膜分离技术在炼油废水深度处理中的应用.工业水处理,2003,23(7):76-78.
    [15] 李航宇,张英.双膜法应用于石化废水再生利用.中国给水排水,2004,20(4):94-96.
    [16] 李德豪,何东升,陈建军.炼油污水气浮絮凝处理的工业试验.石油炼制与化工,2000,31(11):34~37
    [17] 姚宏,马放,田盛,李圭白.臭氧固定化生物活性炭滤池深度处理石化废水的试验研究.环境污染治理技术与设备.2005,6(5):83-86.
    [18] 黎松强,吴馥萍.臭氧.生物炭深度处理炼油废水研究.中国给水排水,2003,19(13):108~110
    [19] 朱春媚,陈双全,杨曦,等.几种难降解有机废水的光化学处理研究.环境科学,1997,18(6):27~30.
    [20] 陈琳,杜瑛,雷乐成.UV/H_2O_2光化学氧化降解对氯苯酚废水的反应动力学.环境科学,2003,24(5):106~109.
    [21] 金重阳,郑玉峰.光催化降解有机污染物技术现状及发展方向.环境科学保护,2003,29(17):12~15.
    [22] Juang L C, Tseng D H, Yang S C. Treatment of pet rochemical wastewater by UV/H_2O_2 photodecomposed system. Water Science and Technology, 1997, 36(12): 357~365.
    [23] 王燕飞.水污染控制技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2001.5.
    [24] 项美丽.湿式氧化法处理炼化废碱液.工业水处,2004,24(12):62-63.
    [25] 卢义程,李天琪,赵建夫.湿式空气氧化法处理石油化工废水.环境导报,1999,(6):15-17.
    [26] 邵李华,韩建华,邓德刚.湿式氧化工艺处理乙烯废碱液的开工运行.石油化工环境保护,2004,27(2):56-58.
    [27] 钱易,米祥友.现代废水处理技术.中国科学技术出版社,1993年
    [28] 张自杰主编.排水工程(第四版).北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1999.
    [29] Ev Munch, K Bar, S Watts, J Keller. Suspended carrier technology allows upgrading high-rate activated sludge plants for nitrogen removal via process intensification. Water Sci. Tech, 2000, 14(4/5): 5-12.
    [30] M Christension, T Welander. Treatment of municipal wastewater in a hybrid process using a new suspended carder with large surface area, Water Sci. Tech, 2004, 49(11/12): 207-214.
    [31] 张慧俐,赵颖,庞海岩.生物接触氧化池和生物滤塔串联治理炼油废水.河南化工,1998,12:31-33.
    [32] 陈洪斌,庞小东,李建忠,周光霞,唐贤春.悬浮填料生物接触氧化法处理炼油废水.中国给水排水,2002,18(9):42-44.
    [33] 姚丹郁,张妍,杨庆洲,李景玉.炼油污水深度处理回用技术的工业应用.石油炼制与化工,2004,35(8):76-78.
    [34] 石顺存,邹同庆,曾坚贤.涤纶废丝生物接触氧化法处理石化废水.工业水处理,2003,23(9):23-25.
    [35] B Rusten, et al. Nitrogen Removal from Dilute Waste-water in Cold Climate Using Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors, Water Environment Research, 1995, 67(1): 65-74.
    [36] Bjorn Rusten, Odd Kolkinn, Hallvard Odegaard. Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors and Precipitation for High Efficiency Treatment of Wastewater from Small Communities, Water Science and Technology, 1997, 35(6): 71-79.
    [37] 华珏芝,王东云,介绍一种新的移动床生物膜反应器.河北建筑科技学院学报,1997,14(2):6-8.
    [38] 杨玉量.移动床生物膜反应器处理污水的研究应用进展,工业水处理,2004,24(2):12-15.
    [39] 张兴文,杨凤林,马建勇.MBBR处理低浓度污水的工程应用.环境工程,2002,20(5):12-15.
    [40] Grabas M. Organic matter removal from meat processing wastewater using moving bed biofilm reactors[J]. Environment Protection Engineering, 2000, 26(1): 55-62.
    [41] 季民,杨造燕,薛广宁等.移动床生物膜反应器在污水处理中的应用研究.城市环境与城市生态,2000.13(3):47-49.
    [42] Henrik Aspegren, Ulf Nyberg, Bengt Andersson. Post Denitrification ha a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor Process, Wat. Sci. Tech, 1998, 38(1): 31~38.
    [43] Bjorn Rusten, Chandler. Johnson, Steve Devall. Biological Pretreatment of a Chemical Plant Wastewater in High-rate Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors, Wat. Sci. Tech, 1999, 39(10): 257~264.
    [44] 曹春艳,王明星,张洪林.MBBR与活性污泥法处理石化废水的比较.黑龙江科技学院学报.2005,15(6):336-338.
    [45] 崔金久,范丽华,雷雪飞,张洪林,蒋林.MBBR在污水回用工程中的应用.工业水处理,2006,26(9):75-77.
    [46] 程晓如,杨开,设计A/O生物脱氮工艺应注意的几个问题。环境与开发,1996,11(4):1-4.
    [47] Van T Nguyen, Wen K Shieh1 Anoxic and oxic biological fluidized bed treatment of amines and phenol Water Science Technology, 1995, 31(1): 185-193.
    [48] Ralph E Beeman, Joseph H Reifberger1 An integrated industrial management facility for biological treatment of high nit rate and carbonaceous wastewater1 Environmental Progress, 2003, 22(1): 37-45.
    [49] 关卫省,曾涛,朱浚黄.A/O生物法处理石化废水的研究.西安公路学院学报,1994,14(3):125-129.
    [50] 陈健.A/O工艺处理石化废水的运行参数.工业用水与废水,2005,36(2):60-62.
    [51] 李彤,殷爱玲,王永庆.应用水解+A/O工艺治理化工废水的工程实践.环境工程,2006,24(4):10-13.
    [52] 关卫省,曾涛等.A/O生物法处理石化废水的研究.中国环境科学,1995,15(5):363-367.
    [53] 王学江,张全兴等.悬浮填料生物膜A/O法处理石化废水试验研究.工业水处理,2001,21(6):26~28.
    [54] 彭若梦,王艳.膜生物反应器处理炼油废水并回用.中国给水排水,2002,18(8):78-80
    [55] 颜家保,夏明桂,杨贵方,邓彩虹.活性污泥A/O工艺去除炼油废水中氨氮的研究.武汉科技大学学报,2002,25(4):354-356.
    [56] 赵丽珍,缪应祺,SBR技术研究及进展.江苏理工大学,2001,(3):58-61.
    [57] 王赞春,夏洁.SBR法处理炼油废水的研究新疆环境保护2002,24(3):28~31.
    [58] 马文臣,许建民,刘光全,羊柳,苏燕京.序批式活性污泥法在炼油化工废水处理中的应用.油气田环境保护.2003,13(1):24-26.
    [59] Cheng Yingjun. Swirn-bed Technology as an Innovative Attached-growth Process for High Rate Wastewater Treatment [J]. Japanese Journal of Water Treatment Biology. 2004, 40(3): 115-124.
    [60] 国家环保局.水和废水监测分析方法(M].第3版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1989.
    [61] 俞汉青,顾国维.生物膜反应器挂膜方法的实验研究[J].中国给水排水,1992,8(3):13-17。何强,龙腾锐,林刚.预挂膜加速厌氧生物膜反应器启动的试验研究[J].给水排水,2001,27(5):27-29.
    [62] 孙锦宜,含氮废水处理技术与应用.北京:化学工业出版社,2003.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700