用户名: 密码: 验证码:
趋势面分析法在地质灾害危险性区划中的应用
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
近年来,随着社会经济的迅速发展,人类对资源、环境的开发利用越来越深入,随之而来的对地质环境的破坏也越来越严重。地质灾害愈演愈烈,严重威胁了人类的生存和发展,给人民的生产生活造成巨大损失,成为制约社会经济可持续发展的自然灾害之一。随着《地质灾害防治条例》的出台和全国范围内县(市)地质灾害调查与区划项目的相继开展,如何根据调查结果定量地进行地质灾害危险性区划成为工作中的难题。本文是在地理信息系统(GIS)基础上运用趋势面分析法对地质灾害危险性区划进行研究和探讨。
     GIS具有强大的数据处理功能和空间分析功能,是目前地质灾害调查与区划中常用的工具之一,但是,仅靠GIS是难以定量地实现地质灾害危险性区划的。因此,本文将趋势面分析法引入到地质灾害危险性区划领域中,研究和探讨在GIS基础上进行地质灾害危险性区划的方法,为解决地质灾害调查与区划项目中地质灾害危险性区划提供新的理论方法。
     本文首先根据地质环境的特点,总结前人的经验,建立了地质灾害危险性区划的指标体系,确定了分级标准,系统地分析了评价因子的量化方并采用层次分析法确定评价因子的权重;全面介绍了趋势面分析法的基本理论方法,在MATLAB软件下编写了趋势面分析程序;以MAPGIS6.5为平台,建立空间图形数据库,绘制绘制实际材料图件;在MATLAB下运用趋势面分析程序处理数据,并在SURFER软件下自动成图,从而实现地质灾害危险性区划。
     本文结合山西省绛县地质灾害调查与区划项目,分析了地质环境背景,选取了影响地质灾害的主要因素;建立了绛县地质灾害空间图形数据库和属性数据库,运用趋势面分析法对绛县进行地质灾害危险性区划,把绛县划分为地质灾害高易发区、中易发区、低易发区和不易发区四个级别。并将其结果与袭扰系数法得到的结果进行对比,表明该方法可行,具有较强的实用性。
Recently, as the development of social economic and the excessively exploiting to the resources and environment, the damage to geology environment more and more serious and the geology disaster more often happen. It had threatened the beings survival and development and caused enormous losses to people's production and living and became one of the natural disasters that restrict the social economic developing. Along with the prevention of geologic investigation of disaster has launched spread all over the nation. How to program the dangerous of geologic disaster according to the survey result becomes the difficult problem in the work. This thesis bases on Geographic Information System (GIS) and applies the tendency analysis to discuss and explore how to divide district of geologic disaster danger's level.
     GIS processes powerful function which can handle data and analyze space, and which is one of the ordinary tools in investigation and dividing district of geologic disasters. But, only depend on GIS is difficult to deal with the geologic disaster's level quantitatively. Consequently the thesis lead the tendency analysis method to the divided district of geologic disaster danger assessment, and discuss the method that how to divide the geologic disaster danger district base on the GIS. It provides a new theoretical method that deals with the geologic disaster investigation and divided district project.
     According to geo-environment characteristic, summary up predecessor's experience, the paper has set up the level of geologic disaster danger district assessment and established classifying standard of index. After that, the paper analyses systematically quantifying method of evaluation factors and applies the hierarchy analysis to deter the factors' weight. The tendency analysis method theory is introduced comprehensively, and its process is writing with the MATLAB software. Based on the development platform of MAPGIS6.5, the spatial graph database is established, the actual material map be draw. By deal with the data under the tendency analysis process of MATLAB and produce the map atomically for achieving the divided district of geology disaster danger.
     The thesis takes Jiang county of Shanxi province district's investigation of geologic disaster project, analyzes its geology environment background, chooses the main factors influencing geology disaster and establishes the spatial graph database and property database of Jiang county district's geologic disasters. Based on this tendency analysis method, the level of frequent happening district is assessed, and the result shows that the level of frequent geologic disaster is classified four classes: high district, moderate district, low district and not grow less district. And then contrast to the result of harassment coefficient. So it further indicates that the method is feasible and very practical .
引文
[1] 程志刚,基于GIS的凤台县地质灾害评价与预测,[学位论文],安徽理工大学,2006.6.11,1~3
    [2] 郭建强,地质灾害勘查地球物理技术手册,地质出版社,2003.11,Ⅰ
    [3] 王哲,易发成,我国地质灾害区划及其研究现状,中国矿业,2006年10月第15卷第10期,47~50
    [4] 李俣继,合阳县地质灾害系统与防治区划研究,[学位论文],西安科技大学,2004.4.26,2~6
    [5] 段永侯等,中国地质灾害[M],中国建筑工业出版社,1993年2月,3~10
    [6] 国土资源部,国土资源“十一五”规划纲要,2006年4月
    [7] 潘懋,李铁峰,灾害地质学,北京大学出版社,25~30
    [8] 胡海涛,周平根,论地质灾害与防治,西部探矿工程,1997,9(1),1~5
    [9] Duan Yonghou, Introduction of environment geological map series of China National Hazards Maping Proceedings of the International Forum Geological Survey of Japan, Geological Survey of Japan Report, 1995, 28(1), 1~5
    [10] 朱济成,中国地质灾害概说,北京地质,1994,3,27
    [11] 魏风华,河北省唐山市地质灾害风险区划研究,[学位论文],中图地质大学,2006,6~8
    [12] Mark T J T Cees J V W, Deterministic modeling in GIS-based landslide hazard assessment[A], Carrara A, Guzzetti F. Geographical Information System in Assessing Natural Hazards, Kluwer Academic Publishers 1995
    [13] Fotheringham A S, Densham P J, Curtis A, The zone definion problem in location-allocation modeling, Geographical Analysis[J], 1995, 27(1), 60~77
    [14] Geoff Wells, Hazard identification and risk assessment [J], Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1996
    [15] 张春山,张业成,马寅生,黄河上游地区崩塌、滑坡、泥石流地质灾害区域危险性评价[J],地质力学学报,2003,9(2),143~153
    [16] Chung, C-jo F, Fabbri A G, Van Westen C J, Multivariate regression analyeie for landslide hazard zonation [A], Carrar A and Guzzetti F, Geographical information system in assessing natural hazards[M], Academic Publishers, 1995
    [17] R. N. Chowdhury, P. fentje, M. Hayne, D. Gordon, Strategies for quantitative landslide hazard assessment, INSTABILITY planning and management, P219~228
    [18] A. Guenther, A. Carstensen, W. Pohl, Slope stability management using GIS. INSTABILITY planning and management, 265~272
    [19] Mejia M, Navarro M, Wahl. E. E, Geological hazard and risk evaluation using GIS Bulletin of the Association of Engineering, Geologists
    [20] 张业成,中国地质灾害危险性分析与变灾区划,地质灾害与环境保护[J],1995,6(3),1~13
    [21] 柳源,中国地质灾害(以崩滑流为主)危险性分析与区划,中国地质灾害与防治学报,2003,14(1),95~99
    [22] 谢晓娟,地质环境条件及诱发因素在地质灾害易发分区中定量化评价初探[J],探矿工程,2003(增刊),93~95
    [23] 褚洪斌,母海东等,层次分析法在太行山区地质灾害危险性分区中的应用[J],中国地质灾害与防治学报,2003,14(3),125~129
    [24] 李泳,泥石流危险性评价的问题,山地学报,1999,17(4),305~311
    [25] 唐川,刘洪江,泥石流堆积扇危险度分区定量评价研究,土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报,1997,3(3),63~70
    [26] 沈芳,黄润秋,苗放等,地理信息系统与地质环境评价[J],地质灾害与环境保护,2000,11(1)
    [27] 许强,黄润秋,向喜琼,地质灾害发生时间和空间的预测预报[J],山地学报,2000,18(增刊),112~117
    [28] 黄润秋,许强,沈芳等,基于GIS的地质灾害区域评价与危险性区划系统研究[A],第三届海峡两岸三地环境灾害研讨会论文集[C],台北,2001,177~182
    [29] 朱良峰,吴信才,殷坤龙,刘修国,基于信息量模型的中国滑坡灾害风险区划研究[J],地球科学与环境学报,2004,26(3),52~56
    [30] 刘行架,杨卫中,GIS在地质灾害防治规划中的应用[J],湖北地矿,2002,16(4),92~96
    [31] 殷坤龙,朱良峰,滑坡灾害空间区划及GIS应用研究[J],地学前缘(中国地质大学,北京),2001,8 (2),279~284
    [32] Zhu Liangfeng, Zhang Guirong Yin Kuunlong et al, Risk analysis system of geo, hazard based on GIS technique, Journal of Geographical Science. Vol. 12, No. 3, 2002
    [33] 阮沈勇,黄润秋,基于GIS的信息量法模型在地质灾害危险性区划中的应用[J],成都理工学院学报,2001,28 (1),89~92
    [34] 石菊松,张永双,董诚等,基于GIS技术的巴东新城区滑坡灾害危险性区划[J],地球学报,2005,26(3),275~282
    [35] 王轶,王慧玲,地质灾害危险性评价与区划及GIS应用研究[J],勘察科学技术,2004(6),38~49
    [36] 许信旺,地理信息系统支持下泥石流灾害危险度评估研究,安庆师范学院学报,1997,3(1),19~21
    [37] 向喜琼,黄润秋,基于GIS的人工神经网络模型在地质灾害危险性区划中的应用,中国地质灾害与防治学报,2000,11(3),23~27
    [38] 聂忠权,基于GIS技术的地质灾害易法程度分区评价系统——以大连市区为例,[学位论文],长安大学,2004,5,13~14
    [39] 邓聚龙,灰色系统理论教程,华中理工大学出版社,1992
    [40] 刘思峰,灰色系统理论及其应用,北京,科技出版社,1999
    [41] 李劲峰,灰色系统理论在崩塌、滑坡监测中的应用,自然灾害学报,1997,6(1),31~35
    [42] 冯利华,灾情等级的灰色聚类分析,自然灾害学报,1997,6(1),14~18
    [43] Li T B, Cheng M D, Time prediction of landslides using the Verhulst inversefunction model, In: Proc. 7th Intern, Symp. On landslides, Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema Publichers, 1997
    [44] 李晓红,靳晓光,亢会明等,GM(1,1)优化模型在滑坡预测预报中的应用,山地学报,2001,19(3),265~269
    [45] D. A. Davidson, S. P The ocharopoulos, A land evaluation project in Greece using GIS and based on Boolean and fuzzy set methodologies INT. J. Geographical Information System, 1994, Vol. 8, No. 4, 369~389
    [46] 倪绍祥,土地类型与土地评价概论,第二版,高等教育出版社,1999,6,282~287
    [47] 胡光海,周兴华,趋势面分析在水深测量数据处理中的应用[J],测绘工程,2004,13 (3)
    [48] 陈淑媛,趋势面方法在大气污染物观测与分析中的应用[J],环境科学研究,1995,8 (4)

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700