ABR颗粒污泥的分形结构与微生物学特征分析
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摘要
厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)是一种新型高效的厌氧生物反应器,在污水资源化工程中具有重要的地位,对其颗粒污泥特征的研究是当前国际环境工程理论的前沿。该文主要基于国内外学者和作者所在研究组在ABR及颗粒污泥方面的研究成果,探讨处理低浓度有机废水的ABR在不同HRT下颗粒污泥的微生物学特征和粒度分形变化特征,并对比分析ABR处理高浓度有机废水的启动过程。
ABR处理低浓度废水运行结果表明,随着HRT从24h逐渐缩短到5h,运行稳定阶段的COD去除率多在90%以上,主要承担COD去除的格室由反应器的前2格逐渐过渡到中间3格室,前3格室的MLVSS/MLSS值高于后2格室的趋势越来越明显。主要分布于反应器前端格室的短杆菌和分布于反应器后端格室的丝状菌是反应器内主要菌种,球菌在各格室内均有分布,产甲烷八叠球菌占古生菌的比例为12.8%。反应器内EPS/MLSS达到2.07%-5.02%,EPS含量与颗粒污泥MLVSS和d_50变化一致,表明其对反应器的COD去除率和颗粒污泥的稳定性产生了积极作用。颗粒污泥粒径在运行过程中逐渐增大,到HRT为5h时有所减小;在同一HRT下,ABR不同格室中颗粒污泥D_1和D_2呈现出相反的变化趋势,显示了沿着ABR格室,颗粒污泥表面变得光滑时对应的结构比较密实的特征。对比分析ABR处理高浓度废水过程显示,受进水浓度和微生物胞外分泌物的影响,处理高浓度废水ABR第1格室主要承担了COD的去除;反应器球菌含量明显增加,产甲烷八叠球菌占古生菌的比例达到22.7%:此外,颗粒污泥EPS含量与其一维分形维数(D_1)具有相同的变化规律。
ABR(Anaerobic Baffled Reactor) is a new high-efficiency anaerobic bio-reactor which has been playing an important role in wastewater reusing.In this thesis,fractal dimensions and microbial characteristics of granular sludge in ABR treating low-strength wastewater at different HRT was analyzed,with a comparison of another ABR treating high-strength wastewater in a starting process.
Results of ABR treating low-strength wastewater showed:As HRT gradually reduced from 24h to 5h,the COD removal rate of ABR was mostly above 90%in steady running periods.The first two compartments performed the main COD removing work in the beginning,and then did the middle three compartments as HRT becoming shorter.The tendency of MLVSS/MLSS ratio in the former three compartments higher than that in the latter two ones was becoming more remarkable. Methanobrevibacter in former compartments and Methanothrix in latter compartments was the main microorganism species in ABR.Methanococcus appeared in every compartment of each running period, and Methanosarcina accounted for 12.8%of Archaea.The EPS content played positive roles in COD removal and the stability of granules for its relativity to the MLVSS concentration and d_(50).The d_(50) became bigger in the former four peiriods,but changed smaller at HRT 5h.The D_1 and D_2 of granular sludge behaved inversely in compartments of ABR at the same HRT,that is to say,the granular sludge along the ABR sequences became smoother on the surface meanwhile more compact structurally.Comparison of ABR treating high-strength wastewater in a starting process showed:Under the influence of influent concentration and EPS,the 1~(st) compartment of ABR performed the most COD removing work.The contents of Methanococcus were higher which accounted for 22.7%of Archaea. Furthermore,the EPS contents had the same trend with D_1 of granular sludge.
ABR处理低浓度废水运行结果表明,随着HRT从24h逐渐缩短到5h,运行稳定阶段的COD去除率多在90%以上,主要承担COD去除的格室由反应器的前2格逐渐过渡到中间3格室,前3格室的MLVSS/MLSS值高于后2格室的趋势越来越明显。主要分布于反应器前端格室的短杆菌和分布于反应器后端格室的丝状菌是反应器内主要菌种,球菌在各格室内均有分布,产甲烷八叠球菌占古生菌的比例为12.8%。反应器内EPS/MLSS达到2.07%-5.02%,EPS含量与颗粒污泥MLVSS和d_50变化一致,表明其对反应器的COD去除率和颗粒污泥的稳定性产生了积极作用。颗粒污泥粒径在运行过程中逐渐增大,到HRT为5h时有所减小;在同一HRT下,ABR不同格室中颗粒污泥D_1和D_2呈现出相反的变化趋势,显示了沿着ABR格室,颗粒污泥表面变得光滑时对应的结构比较密实的特征。对比分析ABR处理高浓度废水过程显示,受进水浓度和微生物胞外分泌物的影响,处理高浓度废水ABR第1格室主要承担了COD的去除;反应器球菌含量明显增加,产甲烷八叠球菌占古生菌的比例达到22.7%:此外,颗粒污泥EPS含量与其一维分形维数(D_1)具有相同的变化规律。
ABR(Anaerobic Baffled Reactor) is a new high-efficiency anaerobic bio-reactor which has been playing an important role in wastewater reusing.In this thesis,fractal dimensions and microbial characteristics of granular sludge in ABR treating low-strength wastewater at different HRT was analyzed,with a comparison of another ABR treating high-strength wastewater in a starting process.
Results of ABR treating low-strength wastewater showed:As HRT gradually reduced from 24h to 5h,the COD removal rate of ABR was mostly above 90%in steady running periods.The first two compartments performed the main COD removing work in the beginning,and then did the middle three compartments as HRT becoming shorter.The tendency of MLVSS/MLSS ratio in the former three compartments higher than that in the latter two ones was becoming more remarkable. Methanobrevibacter in former compartments and Methanothrix in latter compartments was the main microorganism species in ABR.Methanococcus appeared in every compartment of each running period, and Methanosarcina accounted for 12.8%of Archaea.The EPS content played positive roles in COD removal and the stability of granules for its relativity to the MLVSS concentration and d_(50).The d_(50) became bigger in the former four peiriods,but changed smaller at HRT 5h.The D_1 and D_2 of granular sludge behaved inversely in compartments of ABR at the same HRT,that is to say,the granular sludge along the ABR sequences became smoother on the surface meanwhile more compact structurally.Comparison of ABR treating high-strength wastewater in a starting process showed:Under the influence of influent concentration and EPS,the 1~(st) compartment of ABR performed the most COD removing work.The contents of Methanococcus were higher which accounted for 22.7%of Archaea. Furthermore,the EPS contents had the same trend with D_1 of granular sludge.
引文
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