广东省某高校大学生自尊及其相关的若干因素研究
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摘要
目的：探讨在中国的文化背景下，大学生的自尊状况及自尊与成就动机、社会支持、抑郁的相互关系，以期为大学生心理健康教育及心理咨询工作提供理论依据。方法：通过心理学量表即自尊量表(SES)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、社会取向成就动机量表(SOAMS)、自我取向成就动机量表(IOAMS)、Beck抑郁问卷(BDI)对广东省某高校大学生的自尊水平与社会支持、社会取向成就动机、自我取向成就动机、抑郁水平作一次探索性的相关研究。结果：家庭经济状况富裕的大学生自尊水平显著高于家庭经济状况一般和贫困的大学生；大学生自尊与社会支持总分存在显著正相关，并且与其三个维度：客观支持、主观支持、利用度均存在显著正相关；大学生自尊与社会取向成就动机存在显著负相关，与自我取向成就动机存在显著正相关；大学生自尊与抑郁存在显著负相关。结论：家庭经济状况对大学生自尊水平有影响；大学生自尊与社会支持、社会取向成就动机、自我取向成就动机、抑郁均存在关联。
Objective: To investigate self-esteem state of college students and the correlation between self-esteem with social support, social oriented achievement motivation, internal oriented achievement motivation and depression Methods: 305 college students were tested by Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Social Oriented Achievement Motivation Scale (SOAMS), Internal Oriented Achievement Motivation Scale (IOAMS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Result: Family economic status had an important effect on self-esteem; It is significant positive correlation that the levels of self-esteem
and social support on which objective support, subjective support and utilizations. It is significant positive correlation that the levels of self-esteem and internal oriented achievement motivation. It is significant negative correlation that the levels of self-esteem and social oriented achievement motivation. It is significant positive correlation that the levels of self-esteem and depression. Conclusion: Family economic status had an important effect on self-esteem; college students' self-esteem is correlated with social support, social oriented achievement motivation , internal oriented achievement motivation
and depression.
Objective: To investigate self-esteem state of college students and the correlation between self-esteem with social support, social oriented achievement motivation, internal oriented achievement motivation and depression Methods: 305 college students were tested by Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Social Oriented Achievement Motivation Scale (SOAMS), Internal Oriented Achievement Motivation Scale (IOAMS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Result: Family economic status had an important effect on self-esteem; It is significant positive correlation that the levels of self-esteem
and social support on which objective support, subjective support and utilizations. It is significant positive correlation that the levels of self-esteem and internal oriented achievement motivation. It is significant negative correlation that the levels of self-esteem and social oriented achievement motivation. It is significant positive correlation that the levels of self-esteem and depression. Conclusion: Family economic status had an important effect on self-esteem; college students' self-esteem is correlated with social support, social oriented achievement motivation , internal oriented achievement motivation
and depression.
引文
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[2] 孙圣涛、卢家楣．自我意识及其研究概述．心理学探新，2000，20(1)：17-22
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[19] 肖水源．社会支持量表的理论基础与研究应用．临床精神医学杂志，1994，4(2)：98-100．
[20] 张兴贵．成就动机的跨文化研究述评．湛江师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)，1995，2：87-91
[21] 程国洪、高为．成就动机理论与应用研究中国化面临的问题．武汉教育学院学报2001，20(2)：79-84
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[23] 委益富，于欣．自尊量表．汪向东主编，心理卫生评定量表手册，中国心理卫生杂志增刊，1993，251-252
[24] 张雨新、王燕、钱铭怡．Beck抑郁量表的信度和效度．中国心理卫生杂志，1990，4(4)：164-168
[25] 戴海崎、张锋、陈雪枫主编．心理教育测量．广州：暨南大学出版社，1999，118
[26] 答会明．大学生自信、自尊、自我效能与心理健康的相关研究．中国临床心理学杂志，2000，8(4)：227-228
[27] Mwamwenda TS, Sex differences in self-concept among African adolescents. Perceptual and motor skills, 1991,73(1): 191-194
[28] 肖惠敏、姜小鹰．护理本科生自尊水平与心理健康的相关关系．中国校医，2002，16(1)：70-71
[29] Li-fang Zhang, Gerard AP, Thinking styles, self-esteem, and socio-economic status. Personality and Individual Differences, 2001,31:1333-1346
[30] Buhrmester D, Furman W, Wittenberg MT, et al, Five domains of interpersonal competence in peer relationships. Journal of personality and social psychology, 1988,55(6):991-1008
[31] Liang B, Tracy A J, Taylor CA, et al, Mentoring college-age women: a relational approach. American journal of community psychology, 2002,30(2):271-288
[32] Halamandaris KF, Power KG,Individual differences, social support and coping with the examination stress: A study of the psychosocial and academic adjustment of first year home students. Personality and Individual Differences, 1999,26:665-685
[33] Hirsch B J, Coping and adaptation in high-risk populations: toward an integrative model. Schizophrenia bulletin, 1981,7(1): 164-172
[34] 余安邦，杨国枢．成就动机本土化的省思．中国人．中国心：人格与社会篇 202-290
[35] Lewinsohn PW, Rohde P, Seeley JR, et al, Comorbidity of unipolar depression:Ⅰ. Major depression with dysthymia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1991,100:205-213
[36] Peden AR, Hall LA, Rayens MK, et al, Negative thinking mediates the effect of self-esteem on depressive symptoms in college women. Nursing research ,2000,49(4):201-207
[37] 刘毅．自我尊重保护策略的理论与研究．广州师范学报(社会科学版)，1998，19(10)：47-53
[38] Sheri LJ, Bjom M, Carol W, et al, Preliminary communication social support and self-esteem predict changes in bipolar depression but not mania. Journal of Affective Disorders,2000, 58:79-86
[2] 孙圣涛、卢家楣．自我意识及其研究概述．心理学探新，2000，20(1)：17-22
[3] 魏运华．自尊的概念、结构及其测评．社会心理研究，1997，3：55-64
[4] 黄敏儿．自尊的本质．广州师范学报(社会科学版)，1996，2：38-43
[5] 刘毅．青少年自我尊重心理的形成及其制约因素．广州大学学报(社会科学版)，2002，1(2)：61-65
[6] 刘毅、张华．自尊问题研究述评．西北师大学报(社会科学版)，1998，35(2)：60-66
[7] 范秀群，彭兴萍．新时期大学生心理结构发展趋势及健康教育对策．国际中华心身医学杂志，2001，3(1)：29
[8] 钱铭怡，陈仲庚．成就动机量表的初步修订及其相关因素的研究．社会心理研究，1997，31 (3)：1-11
[9] Flett GL, Hewitt PL, Blankenstein KR, et al, Perfectionism, self-actualization,and personal adjustment. Special issue: Handbook of self- actualization. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 1991, 6:147-160
[10] 张静．自尊问题研究综述．南京航空航天大学学报(社会科学版)，2002，4(2)：82-86
[11] Gorenstein C, Andrade L, Vieira Filho AH, et al, Psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Beck Depression Inventory on Brazilian college students. Journal of clinical psychology, 1999,55(5):553-562
[12] Joiner TE Jr, Alfano MS, Metalsky Gl, When depression breeds contempt: reassurance seeking, self-esteem, and rejection of depressed college students by their roommates. Journal of abnormal psychology, 1992,101 (1): 165-173
[13] Jackson J, Cochran SD, Loneliness and psychological distress. Journal of psychology, 1991,125(3):257-262
[14] Brody GH, Stoneman Z, Millar M, et al, Assessing individual differences: effects of responding to prior questionnaires on the substantive and psychometric properties of self-esteem and depression assessments. Journal of personality assessment, 1990,54(1-2):401-411
[15] Pyszczynski T, Greenberg J, Depression and preference for self-focusing stimuli after success and failure. Journal of personality and social psychology, 1985,49(4): 1066-1075
[16] Tennen H, Herzberger S, Nelson HF, Depressive attributional style: the role of self-esteem. Journal of personality,1987,55(4):631-660
[17] Ronald PP, Invitation to social psychology. New York: Harcaurt Brace & Company, 1995,pp:55-59
[18] 刘国珍、李文虎．试论社会支持对压力评估与应用方式的作用．江西师范大学硕士论文，2001，1-29
[19] 肖水源．社会支持量表的理论基础与研究应用．临床精神医学杂志，1994，4(2)：98-100．
[20] 张兴贵．成就动机的跨文化研究述评．湛江师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)，1995，2：87-91
[21] 程国洪、高为．成就动机理论与应用研究中国化面临的问题．武汉教育学院学报2001，20(2)：79-84
[22] 余安邦，杨国．社会取向成就动机与个我取向成就动机：概念分析与实证研究。台湾中央研究院民族学研究所集刊，1987，64：51-98
[23] 委益富，于欣．自尊量表．汪向东主编，心理卫生评定量表手册，中国心理卫生杂志增刊，1993，251-252
[24] 张雨新、王燕、钱铭怡．Beck抑郁量表的信度和效度．中国心理卫生杂志，1990，4(4)：164-168
[25] 戴海崎、张锋、陈雪枫主编．心理教育测量．广州：暨南大学出版社，1999，118
[26] 答会明．大学生自信、自尊、自我效能与心理健康的相关研究．中国临床心理学杂志，2000，8(4)：227-228
[27] Mwamwenda TS, Sex differences in self-concept among African adolescents. Perceptual and motor skills, 1991,73(1): 191-194
[28] 肖惠敏、姜小鹰．护理本科生自尊水平与心理健康的相关关系．中国校医，2002，16(1)：70-71
[29] Li-fang Zhang, Gerard AP, Thinking styles, self-esteem, and socio-economic status. Personality and Individual Differences, 2001,31:1333-1346
[30] Buhrmester D, Furman W, Wittenberg MT, et al, Five domains of interpersonal competence in peer relationships. Journal of personality and social psychology, 1988,55(6):991-1008
[31] Liang B, Tracy A J, Taylor CA, et al, Mentoring college-age women: a relational approach. American journal of community psychology, 2002,30(2):271-288
[32] Halamandaris KF, Power KG,Individual differences, social support and coping with the examination stress: A study of the psychosocial and academic adjustment of first year home students. Personality and Individual Differences, 1999,26:665-685
[33] Hirsch B J, Coping and adaptation in high-risk populations: toward an integrative model. Schizophrenia bulletin, 1981,7(1): 164-172
[34] 余安邦，杨国枢．成就动机本土化的省思．中国人．中国心：人格与社会篇 202-290
[35] Lewinsohn PW, Rohde P, Seeley JR, et al, Comorbidity of unipolar depression:Ⅰ. Major depression with dysthymia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1991,100:205-213
[36] Peden AR, Hall LA, Rayens MK, et al, Negative thinking mediates the effect of self-esteem on depressive symptoms in college women. Nursing research ,2000,49(4):201-207
[37] 刘毅．自我尊重保护策略的理论与研究．广州师范学报(社会科学版)，1998，19(10)：47-53
[38] Sheri LJ, Bjom M, Carol W, et al, Preliminary communication social support and self-esteem predict changes in bipolar depression but not mania. Journal of Affective Disorders,2000, 58:79-86